Initiation and evolution of the South China Sea: an overview

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摘要 DifferentmodelshavebeenproposedfortheformationandtectonicevolutionoftheSouthChinaSea(SCS),includingextrusionoftheIndochinaPeninsula,backarcextension,two-stageopening,proto-SCSdragging,extensioninducedbyamantleplume,andintegratedmodelsthatcombinediversefactors.Amongthese,theextrusionmodelhasgainedthemostattention.Basedonsimpli?edphysicalexperiments,thismodelproposesthatcollisionbetweentheIndianandEurasianPlatesresultedinextrusionoftheIndochinaPeninsula,whichinturnledtoopeningoftheSCS.TheextrusionoftheIndochinaPeninsula,however,shouldhaveledtopreferentialopeninginthewestsideoftheSCS,whichiscontrarytoobservations.ExtensionalmodelsproposethattheSCSwasabackarcbasin,riftedofftheSouthChinaBlock.Mostofthebackarcextensionmodels,however,arenotcompatiblewithobservationsintermsofeitherageorsubductiondirection.Thetwo-stageextensionmodelisbasedonextensionalbasinssurroundingtheSCS.Recentdatingresultsindeedshowtwo-stageopeningintheSCS,buttheSouthwestSubbasinoftheSCSismuchyounger,whichcontradictsthetwo-stageextensionmodel.Hereweproposeare?nedbackarcextensionmodel.TherewasawideNeotethysOceanbetweentheAustralianandEurasianPlatesbeforetheIndian-Eurasiancollision.Theocean?oorstartedtosubductnorthwardat*125Ma,causingbackarcextensionalongthesouthernmarginoftheEurasianPlateandtheformationoftheproto-SCS.TheNeotethyssubductionregimechangedduetoridgesubductionintheLateCretaceous,resultinginfold-belts,uplifting,erosion,andwidespreadunconformities.Itmayalsohaveledtothesubductionoftheproto-SCS.FlatsubductionoftheridgemayhavereachedfurthernorthandresultedinanotherbackarcextensionthatformedtheSCS.Therollbackofthe?atsubductingslabmighthaveoccurred*90Maago;thesecondbackarcextensionmayhaveinitiatedbetween50and45Ma.TheopeningoftheSouthwestSub
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出版日期 2016年03月13日(中国期刊网平台首次上网日期,不代表论文的发表时间)
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