简介：为研究温度对岩扇贝(Crassadomagigantea)幼贝生长的影响,进一步了解其随温度变化的生长规律,在室内循环水控温养殖条件下,设置10℃、12.5℃、15℃、17.5℃四个温度梯度,在两个月的培养周期中对不同试验温度岩扇贝幼贝的生长情况进行观测。结果表明:随试验温度升高,其生长速率呈先升高后下降趋势。单因素方差分析显示温度对其生长速率影响显著(P<0.05),最适生长温度为15℃,该条件下幼贝的壳高平均日生长量显著高于其他三组,壳长与湿重的平均日生长量与17.5℃实验组无显著性差异,但显著高于前面两组。试验范围内,温度变化对幼贝存活率影响不显著(P>0.05)。

简介：Cytarabine(1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine,Ara-C),isolatedfromaCaribbeanspongespeciesTethyacrypta,isthefirstantitumordrugfromamarineresource.In1980,theUSFoodandDrugAdministrationapprovedthisdrugforthetreatmentofdifferenttypesofleukemia.Thisdrughasashortplasmahalf-life,lowstability,limitedbioavailability,andseveresideeffects.Toimprovestabilityandbioavailability,wesynthesizedninenovelderivativesbyblockingthecytarabinemetabolicsitesandimprovinglipophilicity.ThecLogPvaluesofthenewlysynthesizedcompoundswerecalculated.Allthesynthesizedcompoundsweremorelipophilicthancytarabine,resultinginmembranepermeabilityandbioavailabilityimprovement.TheantitumoractivitiesagainstleukemiacelllineHL-60wereevaluatedbyusingtheMTTassay.ThebioassayresultsrevealedthattheIC50valuesofcompounds5,8and9were0.080,0.090and0.057μmolL-1,respectively,whichwassimilarwiththatofcytarabine(0.056μmolL-1).Incomparison,compound4withaphosphategroupatO5’wasinactive.Becausephosphoesterbondsareeasilyhydrolyzedbyalkalinephosphataseandarecommonlyusedinproducingprodrugstrategies,compound4mightalsobemetabolizedinvivoandgeneratecompound3orevencytarabinethroughamulti-stepreaction.Thus,compound4mightbeapromisingcompoundtobedevelopedasaprodrug.

简介：地图学cartography研究模拟和数字地图的理论、技术以及应用的学科。理论地图学theoreticalcartography研究地图学的基础理论（地图空间认知、地图信息传输等）、应用理论（地图模型、地图感受、地图符号、地图功能等）和地图学发展历史的学科。实用地图学appliedcartography研究模拟和数字地图的设计、编绘、制版卬刷、地图分析和应用的学科。

简介：TheeffectsofBacillussubtilis2-1fromtheintestineofhealthyseacucumberonthegrowth,digestiveenzymeactivitiesandintestinalmicrobiotaofjuvenileseacucumber(Apostichopusjaponicus)weredeterminedinthepresentstudy.SeacucumberwasfedwithSargassumthunbergiipowdersupplementedwithB.subtilis2-1atdifferentconcentrationsvaryingamong0(control),105,107,and109CFUg-1for8weeks.ResultsshowedthatthegrowthperformanceandintestinalamylaseandtrypsinactivitiesweresignificantlyincreasedbydietaryB.subtilis2-1at109CFUg?1(P<0.05).However,dietaryB.subtilis2-1hadnosignificantinfluenceonthelipaseactivityinseacucumber(P>0.05).Thepolymerasechainreactiondenaturinggradientgelelectrophoresisand16SrRNAgenesequencinganalysisindicatedthatdietaryB.subtilis2-1at105and107CFUg-1inhibitedmostoftheProteobacteriaincludingthoseingenusVibrio.DietaryB.subtilis2-1at109CFUg-1notonlydecreasedtheabundanceandspeciesofgenusVibrio,butalsoincreasedtheintensityofgeneraPsychrobacterandBacillus.AspecificdosageofdietaryB.subtilis2-1couldincreasethegrowthandmodulatetheintestinalmicrobiotaofseacucumber;thusitmightbeanovelprobioticforkeepingthehealthofseacucumber.