简介：Traditionally,bonestructureandbonemassareassessedbyobservingtherari-fiedboneonstandardx-rayfilms.However,smallchangesinbonemasscannotbedetectedeffectively.Bythetimelossofbonemasscanbedetectedonthex-ray,thediseaseisalreadyinanadvancestage.Atleast30%ofbonemustbelostbeforeproblemslikeosteoporosiscanbediagnosed.

简介：Bonemorphogeneticprotein(BMP)isanefficientbone-inducingproteinwhichmainlyexistsinbonematrix.TheimplantsofBovineBMP(bBMP)extractedfrombovinebonematrixcaninducedifferentiationofmesenchymalcellsofmicemusclein-tochondroandosteo-cytesandformnewbonefurther.Inordertoevaluateim-plantablebiomaterialthatpossessesnotonlyosteogenicability,butalsostengtn,

简介：INTRODUCTIONTissueengineeringisapromisingapproachtolargesegmentalbonerepairfortrauma,replacementsurgery,skeletaldeficiencyorabnormaldevelopment.Thefabricationofboneregenerationscaffoldswithappropriateboneconductiveproperty,boneinductiveproperty,biodegradationpropertyandmechanicalpropertiesisthecruxofthisapproach.

简介：INTRODUCTIONBonebiomaterialshavebeenwelldevelopedinrecentyearsandfrequentlyusedclinicallyinorthopedic,traumaticandodontologicalsurgeries.Amongst,bioceramicsissimilartothemineralconstituentsofourskeletonandhighlyappraisedduetoitsexcellentcharacteristicsinbio-compatibility,mechanicalandbio-degradableproperties,andbone-inductivity.

简介：　　Thebonecompositewasproducedbybiomimeticsynthesis.Itshowssomefeaturesofnaturalboneinbothcompositionandmicrostructure.Andthecollagenmolecularsandthenano-crystalhydroxyapatiteassembleintoultrastructuresimilartonaturalbone.Itpossessesporousstructurewithporosityfrom100μmto500μmaftermixedwithPLA(polylacticacid).　　……

简介：Occlusaldisordercausedbysevereworndentitionisoneofthemostcommondiseasesintheocclusion.Occlusalreconstructionisanimportantrepairmethod,referringtomodifyandrebuildtheexistingocclusionstatus,thentorestoretheocclusion.Duringocclusalreconstruction,thedigitalocclusionanalysissystemcanaccuratelyacquiretheocclusionstatus,inordertoguidethereconstructionocclusionaccuratelyandrestorethenormalfunctionoftheoralmaxillarysystem.Thispaperreviewstheconceptofocclusalreconstruction,sequencetherapy,traditionalocclusionanalysismethodsandthedevelopmentstatusandprospectofdigitalocclusionanalysis.

简介：Theeffectofage-relatedbonelossonthestructuralcapacityoftheproximalfemurwereinvestigatedbyFiniteElementAnalysis(FEA).Fourbonelosspatternswereconsidered.Thesewere'uniformcorticalboneloss','neckcorticalboneloss','intertrochantericcorticalboneloss'and'uniformtrabecularboneloss'.Theresultsshowthatthetwo'non-uniformcorticalboneloss'patternsaremoredangerousthanthe'uniformcorticalboneloss'pattern,andthatthecorticalbonelossinintertrochantericregionisassociatedwithagreaterreductionincorticalfailureloadthanthecorticalbonelossinthefemoralneck.Thetrabecularbonelosscausesalimiteddecreaseinbothcorticalfailureandtrabecularfailureloads.Thisresearchshouldbehelpfultotheclinicalassessmentoffemurfractureriskduetoage-relatedboneloss.

简介：ＩＶＣＲＥＣＯＮＳＴＲＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＤＯＧＳＷＩＴＨＤＡＣＲＯＮＳＥＥＤＥＤＷＩＴＨＡＵＴＯＬＯＧＯＵＳＶＥＮＯＵＳＦＲＡＧＭＥＮＴＳＩＶＣＲＥＣＯＮＳＴＲＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＤＯＧＳＷＩＴＨＤＡＣＲＯＮＳＥＥＤＥＤＷＩＴＨＡＵＴＯＬＯＧＯ...

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简介：Inrecentyears,thevolumetricapproachof3Dreconstructionhasemergedasapowerfulclinicmethodforbiomedicalapplications.Thisapproachisbasedonavoxelrepresentedobjectwhichmaintainsmanydetailsofthesurfaceandtheinternalcon-structuresoftheoriginalbody.Becauseofahugeamountofdata,thevolumedatasettakesalargesizeofmemory,andahighprocessingspeedisrequiredinorderto

简介：TotesttheosteoinductiveactivityoftheRBXdevelopedbyus,eightdifferentdoses(4,2,1,0.5,0.25,0.125,0.075,and0.0325milligrams)ofbovinebonemorpho-geneticprotein(bBMP)wereselectedonthebasisoftheresultsofectopicassaysandwerereconstitutedwithtenmilligramsoftheantigen-extracted,partialdecalcifiedcalfcancellonsbonewhichservedasacarrierforthebBMP.Theywereimplantedin

简介：客观:准备nanophase人工的骨头合成支架基于bionics，进满足在骨胶原和无机的部分以及黏合的代理人的不同分子的重量之间的比率怎么不同的理论，和探查影响支架的微观结构和性质。方法：在象内容比率和环境，然后nanophasecollagen/calcic的pH价值那样的某些反应条件下面在一起沉淀期间带钙的无机的分子到deposite到自我装配的骨胶原模板上盐被获得。以便改进机械性质，有性质和可控制的可被细菌破坏的活动被选择为黏合的代理人的稳定的平等者的poly乳的酸(PLLA)，然后瞄准人工的骨头支架(nanophasecollagen/calcicsalt/PLLA合成)被完成。在有isoproanol酒精的准备液体排水量方法以后，扫描电子显微镜(SEM)，传播电子显微镜(TEM)，fourier变换红外线的spectrometry(FTIR)，机械测试系统被执行到测试孔和密度，形态学，符合构造，作文和机械性质，respectively.Results:合成支架主要是的人工的综合骨头部分与B类型碳酸盐代替的骨胶原和钙磷酸盐创作了。crystallinity是低的，并且水晶尺寸到达类似于自然骨头的纳米。有效地使用的PLLA改进能在cancellous标准的地板水平到达的机械性质，并且与80%的高孔开发three-dimensional-porous结构。根据比较，在象黏合的PLLA的增加一样的骨胶原和钙的无机的盐之间的内容比率都在综合支架的微观结构上有效果，这能被看见，PLLA的另外分子的重量在机械properties.Conclusion上有效果:nanophase人工的骨头合成支架由biomimetic综合了进程是最答应为临床的申请的最佳的材料不管怎么从结构，作文和pr判定了之一

简介：Humanheadimpactinjuriescausedbyasuddenimpactforceareverycommoninaviationlifesaving,carcrashaccident,warorsportsactivities.Yet,anintriguingexampleofnatureiswoodpeckerwhichisfreefromheadinjuryevenitdrumstrunkcontinuallyataspeedofabout6-7m/sandadecelerationofabout1000g.Woodpeckermusthavespecialcharacteristicstoattenuaterepetitiveimpactforcetosustainrapidpeckingwithoutbraininjury.Inthisstudy,theeffectofmechanicalpropertyofcranialboneonthebrainduringimpactwasinvestigatedusingthefiniteelement(FE)approach.Itwasdemonstratedthatthepressure,Von-Misesstressesandshearstressatthesamepointontheposteriorofwoodpecker'sbrainweredecreasedgreatlycomparedwithhoopoeandlark.Itwasstatedthatthehigherstrengthofwoodpecker'scranialbonemightplayanimportantroleforpreventingwoodpecker'sheadinjury.

简介：Estrogendeficiencyhasbeenproposedasariskfactorforalveolarboneloss,butwhetherornotestrogenwillinflucencethebonerebuiltingprocessduringorthodontictoothmovementandwhatthemechanismsinvolvedremainunclear.Thepaperaimstoprovidenewinformationthatmayelucidatethemodulatoryeffectofestrogenonthebone-resorbingcytokinesRANKLanditsanti-resorptivefactorOPGsecrectedbyHPLFswhicharealreadyforce-stimulated.TheexpressionofOPGmRNAisrisingaftermechanicalloadingeitherwithorwithoutstimulatedbyestrogenbefore.ButHPDLcellsexposuredtoestrogenfor24hbeforeloadedtendtoexpressmoreOPGmRNA.Comparedwiththeno-estrogengroup,theinhibittrendofRANKLmRNAismuchmoreapparentinwith-estrogengroup.Moreover,estrogenandmechanicforcetime-dependentlyincreasedOPGexpressionandattenuatedtheRANKLexpression.

简介：客观：调查运动人工制品的影响在上三维(3D)重建体积和保角的放射疗法计划。方法：能沿着头部尾的方向模仿肺肿瘤的片断运动的一个幽灵被步进马达构造，聚乙烯和土豆的小球。十个不同扫描协议被设置，幽灵的CT数据被使用一台商业GELightSpeed16CT扫描仪获得。CT数据的3D重建被采用GEAdvantageSim6.0系统的显示卷的技术实现。在不同扫描协议的每个目标的重建的体积通过测量工具的3D被测量。因此，在动人的目标和静态的之间的重建体积的相对偏差是坚定的。三维的保角的放射治疗(3DCRT)计划和保角的地与计划系统(TPS)的WiMRT处理为一个静态/动人的目标被创造并且比较。结果:为一个静态的目标，当CT数据与不同程度和片被获得时，在3D重建卷之中没有明显的差别。3D重建体积和3D的外观一个动人的目标的保角的地与静态的的相当不同。最大的相对偏差为与不同扫描协议扫描的一个动人的目标是将近90%。相对偏差在不同目标之中是可变的，关于从-39.8%到89.5%为一个更小的目标并且从-18.4%到20.5%为更大的one.Conclusion:运动人工制品在3D-CRT计划和重建体积上有大效果，它将极大地为一个动人的目标导致弄歪的保角的放射域和假DVH。

简介：Inthisarticle,wepresentanalternativederivationforBronnikov’sreconstructionalgorithminX-rayphasecontrasttomographywithholographicmeasurements.Atwo-stepmethodwasusedinthealternativederivation.ThephaseshiftinducedbytheobjectwasobtainedbyFouriertransformandtherealpartofthecomplexrefractiveindexoftheobjectwasretrievedbyapplyingtheconventionalfilteredbackprojectionmethod.Thealternativederivationprovidesaneasierwaytounderstandthereconstructionformula.

简介：IntroductionAsamemberofthebonemorphogeneticprotein(BMP)family,BMP-2playsimportantrolesnotonlyinboneregenerationandbonerepairbutalsoincellproliferation,apoptosis,differentiationandmorphogenesis.TheBMP-2remarkableabilitytostimulatenewbonegrowthresultsinthedevelopmentofanoveltherapystrategyforbonemassdefectduetoaccidentsordiseases.BecausetheBMP-2itself,inconjunctionwithasuitablematrix,issufficienttostimulategenesisofnewbone,thegeneticallyengineeredBMP-2hasgoodappliedprospects.

简介：Objective:Thepurposeofthismeta-analysisistodeterminewhetherplatingorintramedullarynailing(IMN)foradultdiaphysealboth-boneforearmfractures(BBFF)providesbetterclinicaloutcomes.Methods:MEDLINE,EMBASE,GoogleScholarandTheCochraneLibrarywerecomprehensivelysearcheduntilJuly31,2016.BothretrospectivestudyandprospectivetrailsaboutcomparisonofdualIMNorhybridfixationversusdualplatingfixationinthetreatmentofadultdiaphysealBBFFwereincluded.UsingRevMan5.3software,dataoffunctionalrecovery,theuniontime,operatingtimeandcomplicationwasextractedformeta-analysis.Results:Thepooledanalysisshowedsimilarresultsintheuniontime,functionalrecoveryandtheratesofcomplications,butshowedasignificantdifferenceinoperatingtime.Conclusion:Thismeta-analysisdemonstratessimilarradiographicoutcomes,functionaloutcomesandcomplicationswithplatesorIMNusedinthetreatmentofadultdiaphysealBBFF.IMNfixationforthesefracturesseemstobeanalternativeandeffectivetreatmentwithshorteroperatingtimesandminimallyinvasive.

简介：Computedtomography（CT）playsanimportantroleinthefieldofmodernmedicalimaging.Reducingradiationexposuredosewithoutsignificantlydecreasingimage＇squalityisalwaysacrucialissue.Inspiredbytheoutstandingperformanceoftotalvariation（TV）techniqueinCTimagereconstruction,aTVregularizationbasedBayesian-MAP（MAP-TV）isproposedtoreconstructthecaseofsparseviewprojectionandlimitedanglerangeimaging.Thismethodcansuppressthestreakartifactsandgeometricaldeformationwhilepreservingimageedges.Weusedorderedsubset（OS）techniquetoacceleratethereconstructionspeed.NumericalresultsshowthatMAP-TVisabletoreconstructaphantomwithbettervisualperformanceandquantitativeevaluationthanclassicalFBP,MLEMandquadratepriortoMAPalgorithms.Theproposedalgorithmcanbegeneralizedtocone-beamCTimagereconstruction.

简介：客观:测量基于空间邻近的图象和相互的信息的类似原则调查一个4D-CT重建方法的可行性。方法:驾驶正弦曲线运动站台在房子里做了的一台马达被用来创造沿着CT睡椅的纵的轴的一个维的期刊运动。正弦曲线运动的振幅被设为一个振幅吗？