简介：Themountainousareas(mountain,plateauandhillyarea)covermorethan85%ofthetotallandterritoryofChina.Natureandhumanityinverymountainousareahasitsowngeographiccharacteristics.IntheprocessofindustrializationandurbanizationinChina,realizingthesustainabledevelopmentofthemountainousareas,optimizingman-landsystem,andadoptingandcontinuouslydevelopingcorrespondingeconomicmodesofthemountainousareaswithmulti-functionsofeconomy,ecology,cultureandsocietytocharacterizeproductioncontent,modeofproduction,modeofoperationisnotonlyhelpfultoeconomy,societyandecologicalvalueandisofgreataestheticvalue,butalsosolvethetechnologicalproblemsofthesubjectofstartingundertakingtofinallytransformtheregionalresourceadvantageofthemountainousareaintotheadvantageofcapitalandtechnologyforeconomicdevelopmentandtogetridofthecontradictionbetweenunderdevelopedeconomyandabundantresources.ThispapertakestheThreeGorgesReservoir(TGR)areaforexampletoshowthatit'sofgreatpracticalandtheoreticalsignificancetodevelop'FiveTypesofAgriculture'andtooptimizeecoenvironment,industrialstructure,departmentstructure,regionaldistribution,varietystructureandqualitystructure.

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简介：Thedevelopmentofstate-ownedforestareaplaysaveryimportantroleinthedevelopmentofChineseforestindustry,andevenintheconstructionofnationaleconomy.AsthebackboneofChineseforestrydevelopment,itcontributestoChineseeconomicdevelopment,ecologicalenvironmentprotectionandsocialprogress.Howtobalanceallstakeholders’interestandbehaviorsremainsasoneofthefocusesinthestudyofsustainabledevelopmentofforestareas.Onthisbasis,researcheswerecarriedoutanddescribedinthepaper.Firstly,thepapergoesthroughtheconceptandscopeofstate-ownedforestareainChina;Secondly,itdefinesthestakeholdersofstate-ownedforestarea,anddiscussesovertheproblemsinstakeholders’behaviorsfromtheaspectofresponsibility,rightsandinterests;andFinally,itdesignsthestakeholders’behaviorsonthebasisofexistingproblemsandprovidesconstructivesuggestionsondeeperreformofstate-ownedforestareas.

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简介：Financialcrisis-thedrivetointegrationofregionaleconomiesTwosalientfeaturesareillustratedintoday'sglobaleconomypattern,whichis,economicglobalizationandtheintegrationofregionaleconomies.Theintegrationofregionaleconomiesstimulatestheglobalization,whileontheotherhandintegratingcountriesthataregeographicallycloseaimstofightagainstthenegativeimpactfromglobalization,includingthefinancialcrisis.

简介：VegetableproductionplaysaveryimportantrolenotonlyasasourceofforeignexchangeforSenegalandanappreciationofthedietaryneedsofpopulations,butalsointhecontextofthepolicyofdiversification.Thustheaimofthisanalysisistomeasuretheimportanteconomicimpactandvegetableindustrialactors,findthelimitedfactorsofthehorticulturedevelopmentandtheperspectivesforimprovingthevegetableproductioninthearea.OurresultsshowthattheNationalproductionoffruitsandvegetablesisestimatedapproximatelyat370,000tonsandtheNiayeszoneconstitutes80%ofthedomesticproduction.Horticultureisasectorwhichcreatesemploymentsinthatareawithimportantincomesearnedbybothproducersandthevariousintermediaries(commercialprocess).Thevolumeofexportshasreached14,321.588tonsin(2002-2003)against11,125.132tonsin(2001-2002)witnessingthananincreaseof28.7%,buttheoneofimportsisveryimportantandrepresentsanoutflowofforeigncurrencyestimatedatabout3billionperyear.

简介：Fromthepointofspatio-temporalchangesofecologicalsystemtype,functionandvalue,inMengliancounty,landusing/coverdatawasbasedonthreeLandsatTMimages（respectivelyobtainedin2000,2005,2010and2015）whichwereinterpretedasbasicinformationsourcesbyusingRSandGIStechnologyandthenrevisingecosystemservicevalueperunitareainMengliancounty.ThispaperhasresearchedonthechangesofecosystemservicevalueofeconomicgardenforlargeareaplantingaswellasevaluatedecosystemservicevaluescientificallyinMengliancountycombinedwiththesensitivityanalysis.TheResultsshowedthat:（1）InMengliancounty,from2000to2015,landusepatternmanifestedasthetransformationfromlargeareasofcultivatedland,forestlandandshrubtotheeconomiclandscape,theeconomiclandscapeisincreasedby24458.31hm2,however,farmland,woodlandandshrubarereducedby24865.74hm2intotal;（2）ChangesofecosystemservicevalueiscloselyrelatedtoeconomiclandscapedevelopmentinMengliancounty.Thesituationofecosystemservicevalueshowsthechangingtrendfromimprovementtoseverityin2000-2015.ESVisincreasedby96.39millionyuanfrom2000to2005,whoseannualgrowthrateisabout0.56%·a-1.Butintheyearof2005to2015,ESVisreducedby120.23millionyuanandannualreducedrateisabout0.34%·a-1;（3）InMengliancounty,themainecologicalsystemisthewoodlandecologicalsystem,theprimaryecosystemservicefunctionsarebiodiversityprotection,gasregulation,soilformationandretention,climateregulationandwatersupply,theecologicalbenefitweredecreasedin2000-2015;（4）Fromtheaspectofspacedistribution,ecosystemservicevalueinMengliancountyisrelativelyhighinthecentralareaandrelativelynothighinthewesternandeasternarea.ESV（yuan·hm`（-2））waschangedobvious,Gongxintowntrendedtodecline,othertownsincreasedfirstthethenreduced.ThetemporalandspatialvariationofecosystemservicevalueinMengliancounty

简介：Ecologicalconservationarea,asthemainwatersourceandecologicalbarrierofacity,providesecosystemserviceforurbansustainabledevelopment.Landusesimulationandforecastcouldbebeneficialtoimprovefuturelanduseefficiencyandenvironmentalprotection.Inthispaper,wetooktheMiyundistrictasthestudyareaandappliedtheCLUE-Smodelforlandusesimulation,basedonlandusedatain2001and2010.Eightkeydrivingfactorswereselected,includingelevation,slope,distance,populationdensityandothers.Basedontheadjustedmodelparameters,thelandusepatternsof2020inMiyundistrictweresimulatedrespectivelyforrapidgrowthscenario,landuseplanningscenarioandecologicalprotectionscenarioandthenidentifytheareaneededextraordinarysupervisioninlandplanningimplementation.Theresultsshowedthatthesimulationaccuracyfor2010reached85%considerably,implyingthattheCLUE-SmodeliswellfittedformodelingthelandusepatterninMiyundistrict.Constructionlandincreasesandcultivatedlanddecreasesdramaticallyby2020inrapidgrowthandlanduseplanningscenarios.ThepotentiallandusechangetendstooccurnearMiyunreservoir,whilethesensitiveareaforecologicalprotectionandlandplanningimplementationaredistributedaroundurbanarea,FengjiayuandJugezhuangtown.Someopencastmineareas,whichwouldbeconvertedtoforestlandinplanning,willbehardtoexecuteintheactualsituation,sotheseareasshouldbepaidmoreattentioninlandmanagement.TheconclusionsmadeinthisstudywillprovidedatareferenceandbasicinformationforthefutureecologicalprotectionandlanduseplanningimplementationinMiyundistrict,whichcouldalsobeusefulforothersimilarcities.

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简介：ThispapertakesmetropolitanareaofChongqingMunicipalityasanexample.Chongqing,locatedatthetailareaoftheThreeGorgesReservoir,isatypicallyin-landhillycityinChina.Aseriesofseriouseco-environmentalhazardaffectinghillycityhaveappeared:theforestlandscapehasbeenfragmented;thestabilityofecologicalsystemhasnotbeenmaintained;soilerosionhasbeenserious;geologicaldisastershavebecomemoreandmorefrequented;thephenomenonofcity'heatislands'isobvious;andenvironmentalpollutionisworsenedwithlowphysicalself-puri-fication.AllofthehazardsabovewillaffectecologicalsecurityofthetailareaoftheThreeGorgesReservoirandsus-tainabledevelopmentofChongqing.InordertoguaranteeecologicalsecurityandhealthofChongqingandtheThreeGorgesReservoir,thecountermeasuresforecologicalinfrastructureconstructionareputforward:quicklydrawingupecologicalinfrastructureplanningofChongqingMunicipality,strengtheningtheintegrationandcontinuationofhilly-waterspatialpattern,maintainingthediversityandstabilityoflocalecosystem,establishingthegreenspacesystemin-cludingsuburbanforest,farmlandandgreenspace,recoveringwetlandecosystem,optimizingindustrialstructureandurbanspatialdistribution,developingrecyclingeconomy,establishingecologicalinfrastructuremonitoringnetworkandinformationforecastsystem,carryingoutecologicalmanagementforChongqingMunicipalityandsoon.

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简介：Aimingatalleviatingtheserioussoilerosion,theChinesegovernmentinitiatedtheSlopingLandConversionProgram(SLCP)in1999.Now,after8yearsofprojectimplementation,theecologicalrecoveryeffectsoftheSLCPhavebecomethehotissueofacademiccircle.Thispaper,takingtheloesshillandgullyareaofnorthernShaanxiasanexample,presentsamethodologyforassessingthevegetationrestorationeffectofSLCPwithnormalizeddifferencevegetationindex(NDVI).ThekeycomponentsincludecalculationoftheGrowingSeasonNDVI(GSNDVI),andestimationoftheNVDIchangeinducedbyclimateandSLCP,respectively.Basedonthemethod,theNDVIchangebetween2000and2006wasobtainedusingtheGSNDVIthatexcludedthenoisefromsnowandice.AfterthepartoftotalNDVIchangecausedbyclimatevariationwasestimatedusingempiricformulae,weobtainedthepartinducedbyhumanfactors,i.e.theSLCP.ThehumaninducedpartofNDVIchangewasconsideredasanapproximationindicatingtheeffectoftheSLCPonthevegetation.Finally,weanalyzedtheNDVIchangecharactersofthewholestudyarea,differentslopelandsanddifferentlandusetypesbyspatialstatisticsmethod.ResultsshowthatthevegetationconditionissignificantlyimprovedbytheSLCP,particularlylandtypesthatdirectlyinvolvedintheSLCP,suchassteeplyslopefarmlands,degradedgrasslands,etc.

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简介：Thefarmlandtoforestprojecthasasignificantpromotingroleonecologicalcivilization;thefollow-upindustrydevelopmentisthekeytoconsolidatingachievementsofthefarmlandtoforestproject.Usingthesurveydataoffarmlandfarmers,thisarticleanalyzesthestatusanddevelopmentofthefollowupindustryinGuizhouprovince.Theresultsshowthatthefollow-upindustrydevelopmentqualityislow,thefollow-upindustrydevelopmentwillingnessisweak,thefollow-upindustrydevelopmentabilityispoor,andthefollow-upindustrysustaineddevelopmentisinsufficient.Furtheranalysisindicatesthatthefollow-upindustrydevelopmentlackoffunds,technicalandsystemofpolicysupport.Policyimplicationsarediscussedfocusingonimprovingpolicysystem,thefollow-upindustrydevelopmentstrategy,thefollow-upindustrydevelopmentplanning,anddevelopmentwiththecombinationofdevelopmentstrategyofGuizhouprovince.