简介：InordertocompareandevaluatethreeanimalmodelsforstudyingthepathogenicityofStaphylococcusepidermidisstrains,threeexperimentalanimalmodels,namely,murineintra-venousLD50,mouseforeignbodyinfectionandratcentralvenouscatheter(CVC)infectionmodelswereusedtoassesstherelativevirulenceoftwoS.epidermidisstrains,ATCC12228and97-337.Theresultsfromthreeanimalmodelswerecomparable,indicatingS.epidermidis97-337wasmorevirulentthanstrainATCC12228.TheratCVCinfectionmodelbestmimickedtheconditionsofclinicalpatientswithintmvenonscatheters,andmoreinformationcouldbeobtainedfromthismodel.Weconcludethatdifferentinvivomodelsservefordif-ferentpurposes,andtheratCVCinfectionmodelismostsuitableforstudyingspecificcharacteristicsofcatheterrelatedinfectionscausedbyS.epidermidisstratus.

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简介：Hearingloss(HL)isoneofthemostwidespreadsensorydisorders,affectingapproximately1in500newborns.HeritablediseasesoftheinnereararetheleadingcausesofprelingualHL.TreatingofhereditaryHLandunderstandingitsunderlyingmechanismsremaindifficultchallengestootolaryngologists.Asstemcellsarecapableofself-renewalanddifferentiation,theyareideallysuitedbothfordiseasemodelingandregenerativemedicine.Recently,descriptionofinducedpluripotentstemcells(iPSCs)hasallowedthefieldofdiseasemodelingandpersonalizedtherapytobecomefarmoreaccessibleandphysiologicallyrelevant,asiPSCscanbegeneratedfrompatientsofanygeneticbackground.ThisreviewbrieflydescribestheadvantagesofiPSCstechnologyanddiscussespotentialapplicationsofthispowerfulbiologicaltoolinstudyingandtreatinghereditaryHL.