简介：Amongallcongenitalheartdisease,Ebsteinanomalyisthelesionwiththewidestspectrumofpresentation.Itcanpresentasearlyastheneonatalperiodwhereimmediateinterventionisoftenneededtotheadultwithnodiscernablesymptoms.Itisalsoonewhereoveralloutcomegreatlyrelatestoageatpresentation.Generally,presentationintheneonatalperiodisassociatedwithpooroutcomeswhilepresentationbeyondtheneonatalperiodhasexcellentoutcomeswithlowoperativemortality.ItisthusapparentthatunderstandingeveryaspectoftheanatomyandphysiologyofEbsteinanomalyandhowitmanifestsclinicallyisparamounttosuccessfultreatment.ThepurposeofthisreviewistooutlinethecurrentconceptsandstrategiesinthesurgicalmanagementofEbsteinanomaly,andtodiscussthecurrentexpertconsensusonhowbesttotacklethiscongenitalheartdiseaseatdifferentagesofdiagnosis.

简介：Thispaperpresentsaconcurrentobject-orientedmodelinglanguagebasedonPetrinets:OMNets,whichhelpsgreatlytoavoidtheinheritanceanomalyproblemappearedinconcurrentOOlanguages.OMNetsseparatesthefunctionalpartandthesynchronizationpartofobjectsandusesPetrinetstodescribethesynchronizationpart.Bothpartsarereusablethroughinheritance.

简介：

简介：Inthisstudy,twopossiblepersistentanomaliesoftheMadden-JulianOscillationmode(MJO)arefoundinthesummerseason(persistentlyPacificactiveandIndianOceanactive),andanindexissettodefinetheintensityofthetwomodes.TheyareprovedtohavehighstatisticalcorrelationstothelaterENSOeventsintheautumnandwinterseasons:WhenpersistentanomalyofMJOhappensinthePacificOceaninsummer,ElNinoeventsareofteninducedduringtheautumnandwinterseasonsofthatyear.However,duringtheotherMJOmodewhenthesummerpersistentanomalyofMJOoccursintheIndianOcean,LaNinaeventsoftenfollowinstead.TheanalysisoftheatmosphericcirculationfieldindicatesthatpersistentanomalyofMJOcanprobablyaffecttheentireEquatorialPacificcirculation,andresultsinwindstressanomalies.Thewindstressanomaliescouldexcitewarmorcoldwatermasseswhichpropagateeastwardsatthesubsurfaceocean.TheaccumulationofwarmorcoldsubsurfacewaterintheEquatorialEasternPacificOceanmayeventuallyleadtotheformationofanENSO.

简介：Atwo-dimensional,semi-geostrophicnumericalmodelincorporatingthetropopauseandstratosphereisusedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofapositivepotentialvorticityanomalyandlatentheatreleaseonthefrontogeneticprocessandthestructureoftheresultingfrontalzone.Itisdemonstratedthat(1)theinclusionoftropopauseandstratospheresignificantlychangesthefrontalstructureonlyintheupperlevels;(2)aclearlydefinedquasi-equivalentbarotropicstructureandaregionofupwardmotionoffinitewidthappearwhenapositivepotentialvorticityanomalyexistsonthewarmsideofthemaximumbaroclinityinthelowertroposphere,especiallywhenitislocatedonthesouthedgeofthebarocliniczone;(3)theabovementionedstructuredeterioratesasthefrontogenesisproceedsinadryatmospherebutcanbemaintainedinamoistfrontogeneticprocesswithcondensationalheating;(4)thecombinationofapositivepotentialvorticityanomalyandthelatentheatreleaseisabletoacceleratethefrontogenesissignificantlywiththetimeneededtoformanintensefrontalzonereducedtolessthan15h.Theresultshavesignificanttheoreticalimportanceinunderstandingthecomplexnatureoffrontalstructureandfrontogenesis,especiallyinunderstandingthedynamicstructureofthesubtropicalfrontalzoneobservedduringearlysummeroverEastAsia.

简介：

简介：WhatisacredibleseismicprecursorinobservationofdeformationArealseismicprecursoroughttoberesultedfromthevariationsintheearthstrainandstress.Thedeformationobservationcanprovidetheinformationduringearthquakegestationandoccurrenceperiodforus.Usuallytheseismicprecursorscanbedividedintofieldandepicentralregionprecursors.Theprecursorinformationisveryusefulforseismicpredictionfromepicentralregionornearepicentralregion.Micro-deformationobservationmainlyincludestilt,strainandgravityobservation.ComparedwithGPS,geodesyandmobiledeformationobservation,micro-deformation(tilt,strain)showsthechangeofdeformationwhichiscontinualinalimitedvolumewithdominantobservedrangeof10(6~10(10m.Becausethevariationofthecrustalnatureandcrackingcanbedirectlyobtainedbymicro-deformationobservation,itisaneffectivewaytofindmiddle-shorttermandshort-termprecursor.

简介：DearEditor,IamSatoruKase,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmology,FacultyofMedicineandGraduateSchoolofMedicine,HokkaidoUniversity,SapporoCity,Japan.Iwritetopresentacaseofneurofibromatosistype1(NF1)showingmassivehemorrhageduringinvolutionalblepharoptosissurgery.

简介：AsetofdiscretepointsobtainedfromauditrecordsonabehaviorsessionisprocessedwithFouriertransform.ThecriterionofselectingFouriertransformcoefficientsisintroduced,andisusedtofindaunifiedvaluefromthesetofcoefficients.Thisunifiedvalueiscomparedwithathresholdtodeterminewhetherthesessionisabnormal.Finallysimpletestresultsarereported.

简介：ThereisagoodcorrelationbetweenanomalousSchumannresonanceandseismicactivities.Pre-earthquakeanomalousSchumannresonanceisanimportantmanifestationofLAIC(Lithosphere-Atmosphere-IonosphereCoupling),whichisprobablyassociatedwithseismicionosphericdisturbance.TheobservationsystemparametersoftheYunnanSchumannresonancemonitoringstationsandtheresultsofstatisticalandseismiccasesanalysisareintroducedinthispaper.ThreedaysbeforetheMarch10,2011MS5.8Yingjiangearthquake,anomalousSchumannresonanceintheBycomponent(E-W)wasobservedbyYongshengstation,andtwodaysbeforetheLincangMS4.0earthquakeofJanuary23,2011,anomalousSchumannresonanceintheBycomponentwasdetectedbythesamestation.SpectrumanalysisresultsontheBycomponentobservationsofTonghaistationshowthatstrongdisturbanceswereobservedinspectraldensitycorrespondingtothefirstthreeSchumannresonantfrequenciesontheverydayoftheMS4.2HongheearthquakeofMay22,2011.ResearchshowsthatSchumannresonancemonitoringisafeasiblemethodforseismic-electromagneticprecursorsmonitoring.

简介：Followingabriefhistoryandprogressofionosphericresearch,thispaperpresentsabriefreviewoftherecentdevelopmentsintheunderstandingoftwomajorphenomenainlowandmidlatitudeionosphere—theequatorialionizationanomaly(EIA)andinvolvedequatorialplasmafountain(EPF)andionosphericirregularities.Unliketheeasy-to-understandmisinterpretations,theEPFinvolvesfieldperpendicularE×Bplasmadriftandfield-alignedplasmadiffusionactingtogetherandplasmaflowinginthedirectionoftheresultantatallpointsalongthefieldlinesatallaltitudes.TheEIAisformedmainlyfromtheremovalofplasmafromaroundtheequatorbytheupwardE×Bdriftcreatingthetroughandconsequentlythecrestswithsmallaccumulationofplasmaatthecrestswhenthecrestsarewithin~±20°magneticlatitudesandnoaccumulationwhentheyarebeyond~±25°magneticlatitudes.ThestrongEIAundermagneticallyactiveconditionsarisesfromthesimultaneousimpulsiveactionofeastwardpromptpenetrationelectricfieldandequatorwardneutralwind.Intenseionosphericirregularitiesdevelopinthepost-sunsetbottom-sideequatorialionospherewhenitrisestohighaltitudes,andevolvenonlinearlyintothetopside.Pre-reversalenhancement(PRE)oftheverticalupwardE×BdriftanditsfluctuationsamplifiedduringPREprovidethedrivingforceandseed,withneutralwindandgravitywavesbeingtheprimarysources.AtlowsolaractivityespeciallyinsummerwhenfastvaryingPREisabsent,theslowvaryinggravitywavesincludinglargescalewaves(LSW)seemtoactasbothdriverandseedforweakirregularities.Atmidlatitudes,theirregularitiesareweakandassociatedwithmediumscaletravelingionosphericdisturbances(MSTIDs).AlowlatitudeminimumintheoccurrenceoftheirregularitiesatMarchequinoxpredictedbytheoreticalmodelsisidentified.TheminimumoccursonthepolewardsideoftheEIAcrestandshiftsequatorwardfrom~25°magneticlatitudesathighsolaractivitytobelow17°atlowsolaractivity

简介：Oftheworld'soceans,thePacifichasthemostabundantdistributionofseamounttrails,oceanicplateausandhotspots,andhasthelongestfracturezones.However,littleisknownoftheirthermalstructuresduetodifficultiesofheatflowmeasurementandinterpretation,andininferringthermalanomaliesfromlow-resolutionseismicvelocities.Usingrecentlypublishedglobalmagneticmodels,wepresentthefirstindependentconstraintonPacificgeothermalstateandmantledynamics,byapplyingafractalmagnetizationinversionmodeltomagneticanomalydata.Warmthermalanomaliesareinferredforallknownactivehotspots,mostseamounttrails,somemajorfracturezones,andoceaniclithospherebetween~100and~140Mainage.WhilemostCuriepointsareamongtheshallowestinthezoneroughlyboundedbythe20Maisochrons,abnormallydeepCuriepointsarefoundalongnearlyallridgecrestsinthePacific,relatedtopatchy,long-wavelengthandlarge-amplitudemagneticanomaliesthataremostlikelycausedbyprevailingmagmaticorhydrothermalprocesses.ManylargecontrastsinthethermalevolutionbetweenthePacificandNorthAtlanticsupportmuchstrongerhydrothermalcirculationoccurringinPacificlithospheresyoungerthan~60Ma,whichmayhavedisguisedfromsurfaceheatflowanydeepthermalsignaturesofvolcanicstructures.Yet,atdepthsoftheCuriepoints,ourmodelarguesforwarmerPacificlithosphereforcrustalagesolderthan~15Ma,givenaslightlyhigherspatialcorrelationofmagnetizationinthePacificthanintheNorthAtlantic.

简介：ＣｅｒｔａｉｎｔｙｆａｃｔｏｒｓｏｆｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｐｒｅｃｕｒｓｏｒｙａｎｏｍａｌｙｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅｓＣＦ（Ｅ）Ｚｈａｏ－ＢｉＺＨＥＮＧ（郑兆）（ＳｅｉｓｍｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＢｕｒｅａｕｏｆＡｎｈｕｉＰｒｏｖｉｎｃｅ，Ｈｅｆｅｉ２３００３１，Ｃｈ...

简介：Bystudyingmodularinvariancepropertiesofsomecharacteristicforms,wegetsomegen-eralizedanomalycancellationformulason（4r-1）-dimensionalmanifoldswithnoassumptionthatthe3rdde-Rhamcohomologyofmanifoldsvanishes.Theseanomalycancellationformulasgeneralizeourpreviousanomalycancellationformulason（4r-1）-dimensionalmanifolds.Wealsogeneralizeourpreviousanomalycancellationformulason（4r-1）-dimensionalmanifoldsandtheHauYurigiditytheoremtothe（a,b）case.

简介：AmagneticanomalywasrecordedatEasterIslandon27February2010duringtheChiletsunamievent.Thephysicsofthemagneticanomalyisanalyzedusingkinematicdynamotheory.Usingasinglewavemodel,thespaceandtimebehaviorofthemagneticfieldisgiven.Byjointanalysisofthemagneticobservations,tidegaugedataandnumericalresultsoftheglobaltsunamipropagation,weshowthecloseresemblancebetweenthepredictedspatialandtemporalmagneticdistributionsandthefielddata,indicatingthemagneticanomalyatEasterIslandwasactuallyinducedbythemotionofseawaterundertsunamiwaves.SimilaritybetweenthefieldmagneticdataatEasterIslandduring2010Chiletsunamiandseasurfacelevelisverifiedwithrealistictsunamipropagatingmodel.

简介：

简介：Cochlearimplantationisoneofthebestamongstthevariousmanagementoptionsavailableforchildrenandadultswithseveretoprofoundsensorineuralhearingloss.Innerearandinternalauditorycanal(IAC)malformationsaccountstoapproximately25%ofcongenitalsensorineuralhearinglossinchildren.Theprimarygoalofthisreportwastoevaluatethecommunicationoutcomesaftercochlearimplantationinachildwithcysticcochleovestibularanomaly(CCVA).Thechildwasevaluatedthroughvariousstandardizedoutcomemeasuresatregularintervalstotracktheprogressintermsofauditoryandspokenlanguageskills.ThescoresonCategoriesofAuditoryPerception(CAP),MeaningfulAuditoryIntegrationScale(MAIS),SpeechIntelligibilityRating(SIR),MeaningfulUseofSpeechScale(MUSS),andlisteningandspokenlanguageskillsshowedasignificantleapin12monthsdurationpostimplantation.Thereportthushighlightsandcorrelatesthesignificantprogressinauditoryandspokenlanguageskillsofthechildwithcongenitalmalformationstoappropriateauditoryrehabilitationandintensiveparentaltraining.

简介：

简介：

简介：Withtheaimtothequantificationofanomalyidentificationandextractionforobservedoranalyzedrecords,wepresenttwostatisticalmethodsofearthquakecorrespondingrelevancyspectrum(ECRS)andslidingmeanrelevancy(SMR).WithECRSmethod,wecanobtaintheabnormalconfidenceattributeofdataindifferentvalueranges.Basedontherelevancyspectrumindifferentstudiedtime-intervals,weconverttheoriginaltimesequenceintorelevancytimesequence,andcanobtaintheSMRtimeseriesbyusingthemulti-pointcumulativeslidingmeanmethod.Thenwecanidentifytheseismicprecursoranomaly.Wetestthismethodbytakingthetimesequenceofη-valueinthenorthernTianshanregionasoriginaldata.Theresultshowsthatwhenthestudiedtime-intervalis18months,theprecursoranomalycanbeidentifiedbetterfromslidingmeanrelevancy.Theanomalycorrespondingrateis83percent,theearthquakecorrespondingrateis86percent,andtheanomalyischaracteristicofthemiddleterm.Totrytheresearchonmulti-parametercomprehensiveapplication,wetaketheKalpintectonicblockinXinjiangasourstudiedregion,andanalyzethespatialandtemporalabnormalcharactersofmulti-parameterslidingextreme-valuerelevancy(MSER)beforemid-strongearthquakesintheKalpinblock.TheresultindicatesthatECRSandSMRsequenceindifferenttime-intervalscannotonlybeusedtoidentifytheprecursoranomalyofsingle-itemdata,butalsoofferthedataofquantitativesingle-itemanomalyforcomprehensiveearthquakeanalysisandprediction.