简介：BackgroundEnd阶段脚关节关节炎损害联合功能和病人活动性。全部的脚关节代替是一个外科的过程对待严重脚关节关节炎。SaltoTalaris解剖脚关节TM(STAA)被设计模仿正常脚关节解剖和脚关节运动的屈曲/扩展。这研究的目的是与结束阶段在gait.MethodsFive病人期间在脚关节关节功能和力学上检验STAA脚关节代替的效果单方的脚关节关节炎被招募。病人们执行了水平在2个场合上走在一个实验室背景，在以前并且在STAA脚关节手术以后的3个月。美国矫形的脚和脚关节社会(AOFAS)hindfoot分数被获得。A12照相机运动俘获系统被用来执行走的分析。步法temporo空间的参数和脚关节关节力学被评估。配对的学生t测试和非参量的Wilcoxon匹配测试被执行在在外科前和外科以后的走conditions.ResultsCompared之间的biomechanical变量检验差别到pre外科的条件，在3月post-STAA外科，病人们在AOFAShindfoot经历了更大的改进分数(p=0.0001)；STAA脚关节证明31%在脚关节关节旅行(p=0.045)增加，22%在脚关节plantarflexor时刻(p=0.075)增加，60%尽最大努力增加吸收(p=0.023)，并且68%尽最大努力增加生产(p=0.039)。病人们也证明26%在走速度(p=0.005)增加，迈进长度(p=0.013)的20%增加，在两倍支持时间(p=0.043)的15%减少，和在全部的位置的5%减少预定(p=0.055)在手术以后的.ConclusionThree月，STAA病人在脚关节功能和步法参数经历了改进。STAA脚关节在象走那样的每日的活动期间表明了改进脚关节力学。

简介：<正>Purpose:Thepurposeofthisstudywastoexamineeffectsofasportversionofasemi-rigidanklebrace(ElementTM)andasoftanklebrace（ASO）onanklebiomechanicsandgroundreactionforces（GRFs）duringadroplandingactivityinsubjectswithchronicankleinstability(CADcomparedtohealthysubjectswithnohistoryofCAI.Methods:Tenhealthysubjectsand10subjectswhohadmultipleanklesprainsparticipatedinthestudyasthecontrolandunstablesubjects,respectively.TheCAIsubjectswereage,bodymassindexandgendermatchedwiththecontrolsubjects.Thearchindexandanklefunctionsofthesubjectsweremeasuredinasubjectscreeningsession.Duringthebiomechanicaltestsession,participantsperformedfivetrialsofdroplandingfrom0.6m,wearingnobrace（NB）.Element?braceandASObrace.Simultaneousrecordingofthree-dimensionalkinematic（240Hz）andGRF（1200Hz）datawereperformed.Results:TheCAIsubjectshadloweranklefunctionalsurveyscores.ThearchindexanddeformityresultsshowedgreaterarchdeformityofElementTMagainstastaticloadthaninNBandASOduetogreaterinitialarchpositionheldbythebrace.CAIparticipantshadgreatereversionvelocitythanhealthycontrols.TheASObracereducedthefirstpeakverticalGRFwhereasElementTMincreased2ndpeakverticalGRF.ElementTMbracereducedeversionrangeofmotion（ROM）andpeakeversionvelocitycomparedtoNBandASO.Inaddition,ElementTMreduceddorsiflexionROMandincreasedpeakplantarflexionmomentcomparedtoNBandASO.Conclusion:Resultsofstaticarchmeasurementsanddynamicanklemotionsuggestthattherestrictionsofferedbybothbracesareinpartduetomoredorsiflexedanklepositionsatcontact,andhigherinitialarchpositionandstifferankleforElementTM.

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简介：AbstractPurpose:This study evaluated the angular kinematic and moment of the ankle and foot during shod walking and barefoot walking in individuals with unilateral chronic ankle instability (CAI).Methods:Recreational soccer players with unilateral CAI were recruited for this cross sectional study conducted between January and August 2019. A total of 40 participants were screened for eligibility but only 31 met the inclusion criteria based on the methods of Delahunt et al and Gribble et al. Except for 3 participants not attending the evaluation session, 28 participants were finally included. A three dimensional motion analysis system made up of ProReflex motion capture unit and an AMTIb Kistler force plate, embedded in the middle of nine meter walkway, were used to assess the ankle and foot angles and moment during shod walking and barefoot walking conditions. A Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 20.0) was used to analyze data.Results:During shod walking, the ankle joint plantar-flexion range of motion (ROM) at 10% of the gait cycle (GC) and dorsiflexion ROM at 30% of the GC were significantly higher than those during barefoot walking for both feet (p = 0.001, 0.001, 0.027, and 0.036 respectively). The inversion ROM during shod walking was significantly higher than that during barefoot walking for both feet at 10% and 30% of the GC (p = 0.001. 0.001, 0.001, and 0.042 respectively). At 10% of the GC, the eversion moment was significantly higher between barefoot and shod walking for both feet (both p = 0.001). At 30% of the GC, there was no significant difference between shod and barefoot walking plantar-flexion moment of both feet (p = 0.975 and 0.763 respectively), and the eversion moment of both feet (p = 0.116 and 0.101 respectively).Conclusion:At the early stance, shod walking increases the ankle plantar-flexion and foot inversion ROM, and decreases the eversion moment for both feet in subjects with unilateral CAI. Therefore, the foot wearing condition should be considered during evaluation of ankle and foot kinematics and kinetics.

简介：<正>Regularlyplayingsportsorexercisingisbecominganimportantpartofahealthylifestyle.Asthepopulationplayingsportsandexercisingisincreasing,incidentsofsportsinjuriesarealsoincreasing.Sportsinjuriesresultindevastatingphysical,psychological,andfinancialconsequencesandsignificantlyimpactthelevelofactivityandqualityoflifeofpatients,whichhavenotbeenfullyrecognizedbyoursociety.Preventingsportsinjuriesandimprovingrehabilitationof

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简介：Objective:Tosummarizethereconstructionexperienceoftheelectricalinjuriesinemergency.Methods:All309woundsin105patientswhosufferedfromelectricalinjurieswerereviewedduringa10yearperiodfromJan.1st1986toDec.31st,1996.Treatmentmethod,patientdataandresultswerecomparedandanalyzed.Acomprehensiveurgentreconstructionalternativeusedinallcasesincludedthefollowings,1)debridingthewoundinemergency,2)preservingthevitaltissuesasmuchaspossible,evendevitalizedtissuesorlocalnecrosis,3)transplantingthesevitaltissuesduringthefirstsurgeryifthefunctionalreconstructionrequired,4)nourishingthewoundbedbytissueflapscoveringwithrichbloodsupply,5)improvingflapsurvivalbycontinuousirrigationfor24-720hoursbeneaththeflapswithacompoundmedicineaftersurgery.Results:Satisfactoryresultswereobtainedwiththeextremitylossratiooflessthan7%inthisgroupcomparedwith42.5%whichwas10yearsbefore1984inthesamehospital.Conclusions:Thisurgentcomprehensivereconstructionalternativeisaneffectiveandworkablemethodforreducingextremitylossofelectricalinjuries.

简介：Objective:Toassessthetherapeuticeffectofulinastatinonseverecraniocerebralinjuriesandtoexploreitsmechanism.Methods:Therewere87casesofseverebraininjuryinthisseriesandtheywereeithertreatedbyulinastatin(treatmentgroup,41cases)ornot(controlgroup,46cases)besidesroutinemanagements.WeestimatedC-reactiveprotein,interleukin-6,superoxidedismutase,andendothelinfromplasmasofallthecasesonthe1st,3rd,5th,and7thdayafterinjury.Results:C-reactiveproteinlevelroseonthe1stand3rddayafterinjuryinthetwogroups,butdescendedintreatmentgrouponthe5thand7thdayandwassignificantlylowerthanthatincontrolgroup(P<0.01).Nosignificantdifferencewasfoundforinterleukin-6intwogroupsduring1-5daysafterinjury,butonthe7thday,itdecreasedsignificantlyintreatmentgroupthancontrolone(P<0.01).Superoxidedismutasewashigherintreatmentgroupthancontrolonein5-7daysafterinjury(P<0.01).Endothelinelevatedonthe1stdayafterinjurybutdroppedafterwardsinthetwogroups,inwhichthelevelintreatmentgroupwaslowerthanthatincontrolone.Theincidenceofgastrointestinalhemorrhagewaslowerintreatmentgroupthancontrolone(P<0.01).Conclusions:Ulinastatinhasthefunctionofprotectingcerebraltissue,reducingtheincidenceofgastrointestinalhemorrhage,improvinghepaticandrenalfunctionandprognosis.

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简介：<正>Inthemostrecentreportofinjurydataon15sportsfromtheU.S.NationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation(NCAA)InjurySurveillanceSystemoveraspanof16years(1988-2004),ankleligamentsprainswerethemostcommoninjury.Residualsymptomssuchasrecurrentsprains,pain,instability,andgivingwayarecommonafteraninitial,acuteligamentsprain.Chronicankleinstability(CAI)isoneofthesecommonproblems,andhasenjoyedincreasedinterestintherecentliterature.However,CAIremainsapoorly-definedandunderstoodcondition.

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简介：adidasspeedwrap护踝可以稳定穿着者的脚踝,防止受到外力的干扰。同时,即使是高速移动,它也可以紧贴脚踝,不会滑动变形,这避免了许多不必要的受伤。而当起跳落地的时候,它人体工程学的形状能帮助穿着者调整落地时脚部的角度,提高了保护性。

简介：Becauseofitspotentialapplicationsinagriculture,environmentmonitoringandsoon,wirelessundergroundsensornetwork(WUSN)hasbeenresearchedmoreandmoreextensivelyinrecentyears.ThemainandmostimportantdifferenceofWUSNtoterrestrialwirelesssensornetwork(WSN)isthechannelcharacteristics,whichdeterminesthedesignmethodologyofit.Inthispaper,thepropagationcharacterofelectromagnetic(EM)waveinthenearsurfaceWUSNisanalyzed,aswellasthepathlossmodelofitisgiven.Inaddition,theinfluenceofhuman'sankletothechannelcharacteristicsofnearsurfaceWUSNisinvestigatedbyelectromagnetictheoryanalysis,simulationandexperiment.AnovelpathlossmodelofnearsurfaceWUSNwhichtakestheinterferenceofhuman'sankleintoconsiderationisproposed.ItisverifiedthattheexistingofhumanabovetheWUSNsystemmaycauseadditionalattenuationtothesignalofnearsurfaceWUSNwhichpropagatesaslateralwavealongtheground.Moreover,therelationoftheattenuationandoperatingfrequencyisdeduced,whichgivesareferencetoextendthefrequencybandappliedinWUSN.

简介：Objective:Toevaluatethetreatmentforpatientswithmajorvascularinjuriesassociatedwithtraumaticorthopedicinjuries.Methods:Atotalof196patients,agedfrom4-67yearswiththemeanageof29.88years,hadmajorvascularinjuriesassociatedwithtraumaticorthopedicinjuriesandweretreatedinourhospitalinaperiodof44years.Themostcommonmechanismoftraumawasblunttrauma(67.3%),openinjuriesaccountedfor32.4%and54.5%oftheinjurieswerelocatedinthelowerextremities.Thevascularinjuryfrequentlyhappenedinthefemoralartery(26.7%)andpoplitealartery(20.3%).Thetreatmentprincipleconsistedofaggressiveresuscitation,Dopplerimagingandstableboneinternalfixationwithsubsequentvascularrepairanddebridement.Thevascularrepairforinjuriesincludedend-to-endanastomosis(80cases,39.6%),interpositionalveingraft(94,46.5%),vasculardecompressionthroughfracturedistraction(18,8.9%),arterialligation(6,3.0%),veinpatch(2,1.0%),bypassgraft(2,1.0%),venousrepairincludingautogenousveingraft(9,24.3%)andligation(28,75.7%)andprophylacticalfasciotomy(15,7.4%).Postoperativeamputationwasperformedin16cases(16.3%).Results:Nointraoperativedeathwasobservedandallfracturesunitedwithin6months.Limbsweresalvagedin180patients(91.8%).Amongthesepatients,earlycomplicationswerefoundin19patients(9.7%)andlatecomplicationswereobservedin8patients(4.1%).Conclusions:Awell-organizedapproach,basedonaspecifictreatmentprinciple,notonlyimprovesclinicaloutcomebutalsodoesgoodtoexcellentfunctionalrecoveryforpatientswithsevereorthopedicinjuriesandconcomitantvascularlesion.

简介：锁骨下的脉管的损害说明所有脉管的损害的1%-5%。如果没及时发现或迅速设法，锁骨下的脉管的损害是可能的引起出血性的吃惊甚至死亡。从通过2003的8月的1998的三月，有锁骨下的脉管的损害的15个盒子的一个总数在我们的部门被对待。细节在这份报告的redescribed。

简介：肌肉损害在运动仍然是最普通的损害之一，还尽管有这，几乎没有怎么有效地描述或决定特定的肌肉损害的预后到也上的很少一致。肌肉分类的众多的途径并且药分级在最后世纪被使用了，但是在最后十年，历史性的途径的限制被认出了。作为后果，在过去的10年里，临床的研究组开始询问了历史性的途径并且重新考虑肌肉损害被分类并且描述的方法。用一条记事途径，这张手稿描述几次最近的尝试分类并且分级肌肉损害并且加亮每个系统的相对力量和软弱。当时每新分类和分级的系统有力量，几乎在那里不在全面的一个系统和基于的证据上仍然是很少一致。很少在分级的系统以内的当前识别的特征有关联到精确地决定预后。

简介：目的:探寻下落在内翻结合跖屈表面时踝关节运动学参数和腓肠肌内侧、腓骨长肌、胫骨前肌的肌电活动情况。方法:12名运动员从30cm高度下落时3种不同条件的表面:平面、25°内翻表面、25°内翻结合25°跖屈表面,每种条件分别采集5次落地。用单因素方差分析运动学参数,同时采用3×3双因素方差分析3种肌肉的积分肌电值(p<0.05)。结果:积分肌电值结果显示不同肌肉和表面之间存在交互作用。下落于平面时胫骨前肌的肌电活动高于另两种表面。相比较平面,下落于内翻表面的最大内翻角度和角速度明显提高,但腓骨长肌的肌电活动却相似。此外,下落于内翻结合跖屈的表面,其腓肠肌的积分肌电、踝关节的跖屈角度和内翻的关节活动度明显高于25°的内翻表面。结论:与单纯的内翻表面相比,内翻结合跖屈的表面在下落时会产生更不稳定的落地状况,从而更易造成踝关节扭伤。

简介：Hydraulicspinalcordandcaudaequinanerveinjuriesareveryuncommon.Since1996,wehavereceivedandtreated4patientswithhydraulicspinalcordandcaudaequinainjuries.Thisreportgivesadetaildescription.Fourpatientswithhydraulicspinalcordandcaudaequinanerveinjuries,male:3,female:1,aging13-56yearshavebeentreatedinourhospitalsince1996.Extraduralblockinginjurywasin1patient,extraduralanaesthesiainjuryin1patientandintraspinalcanalmyelographyinjuryin2patients;thesegmentsofintraspinalcanalwereL2-3andL3-4.Onepatientwasaccompaniedbyfemoralfracture,2patientsbyintraspinaltumorand1patienthadoperationbecauseofprolapseoflumbarintervertebraldisc.

简介：AbstractPurpose:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major public health concerns worldwide. Developing a TBI registry could facilitate characterizing TBI, monitoring the quality of care, and quantifying the burden of TBI by collecting comparable and standardized epidemiological and clinical data. However, a national standard tool for data collection of the TBI registry has not been developed in Iran yet. This study aimed to develop a national minimum data set (MDS) for a hospital-based registry of patients suffering from TBI in Iran.Methods:The MDS was designed in 2 phases, including a literature review and a Delphi study with content validation by an expert panel. After the literature review, a comprehensive list of administrative and clinical items was obtained. Through a two-round e-Delphi approach conducted by invited experts with clinical and research experience in the field of TBI, the final data elements were selected.Results:A MDS of TBI was assigned to 2 parts: administrative part with 5 categories including 52 data elements, and clinical part with 9 categories including 130 data elements.Conclusion:For the first time in Iran, we developed a MDS specified for TBI consisting of 182 data elements. The MDS would facilitate implementing a TBI's national level registry and providing essential, comparable and standardized information.

简介：AbstractHuman-elephant conflict (HEC) in India is becoming a growing health problem causing many fatalities every year. Elephants produce injuries by trampling, stomping, squeezing, tossing in the air, or crushing/targeting the head and chest commonly. The adult elephants are most aggressive in their mating season, leading to maximum incidences of HECs in this period. These attacks are mostly unprovoked, though most HECs are provoked. In this case series, the authors described the injuries sustained by three survivors in a short span of one month due to the sudden and unprovoked elephant attack. All the injuries were mild to moderate in severity and involved the chest in common. Timely rescue and prompt initiation of treatment were pivotal in their survival. The authors also want to create awareness about the mating season of elephants to minimize these unfortunate events in the future.