简介：Marineecologicalnicheshaverecentlybeendescribedas"particularlypromising"sourcesforsearchofnewantimicrobialstocombatantibiotic-resistantstrainsofpathogenicmicroorganisms.Marineorganismsareexcellentsourcesformanyindustrialproducts,buttheyarepartlyexplored.Over30000compoundshavebeenisolatedfrommarinesources.Bacteria,fungi,andcyanobacteriaobtainedfromvariousmarinesourcessecretseveralindustriallyusefulbioactivecompounds,possessingantibacterial,antifungal,andantimycobacterialactivities.Sustainablecultivationmethodsforpromisingmarineorganismsandbiotechnologicalprocessesforselectedcompoundscanbedeveloped,alongwiththeestablishmentofbiosensorsformonitoringthetargetcompounds.Thesemisyntheticmodificationsofmarine-basedbioactivecompoundsproducetheirnewderivatives,structuralanalogsandmimeticsthatcouldserveasnovelleadcompoundsagainstresistantpathogens.Thepresentreviewfocusesonpromisingantimicrobialcompoundsisolatedfrommarinemicrobesfrom1991-2013.

简介：TheaconitebelongstoplantsofgenusAconituminfamilyofRanunculaceaandhavenotableclinicalfunctionsintreatingrheumaticarthritis,heartfailure,etc.However,accidentsofaconitine(fromaconite)poisoningfrequentlyoccurtomanypeopletakingtheseherbs.

简介：在大数字在家蝇(蝇属domestica)发现的抗菌剂和抗真菌的肽是它的有免疫力的防卫机制的不可缺少的部件。在这研究，家蝇的幼虫的前面的尖端与一双好剪刀被割掉，hemolymph在镇定、渗出一冰冷试管。从hemolymph，一种抗真菌的物质被与反向的阶段高度表演液体chromotography(RP-HPLC)相结合并且作为蝇属domestica说出抗真菌的peptide-1(MAF-1)的稳固阶段的抽取孤立。钠dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide胶化电气泳动(SDS页)证明它的分子的重量是17kDa。紫外吸收系列表明这种抗真菌的物质拥有了蛋白质肽的特征。由指纹鉴定和双人脚踏车团spectrometry的分析建议MAF-1是未知蛋白质。Edman降级识别了它没在吉祥物搜索数据库匹配肽的N终端的30氨基酸的顺序，显示MAF-1是一只新奇昆虫抗真菌的肽。集体spectrometry证明MAF-1的精确分子的重量是17203.384Da。它的等电位的点是酸的。

简介：AbstractMost of the medical and nonmedical research labs, all around the world, are racing against time to produce an effective vaccine or an antiviral medicine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Conventional medicines and novel nano-materials including chemical and herbal-based compounds are all into positive trials toward coronaviruses and other pandemic infections. Among them, natural immune boosters have attracted physicians because of their longevity and reliability for fewer side effects. This is a review article with a detailed picture of an unexplored antiviral source with maximum potency in curing viral infections. Cyanobacteriae have been known for centuries and are rich in secondary metabolites of proteins, biopeptides, and polysaccharides for prominent antiviral action against chest infections. But detailed exploratory research is required to purify, scale-up, and commercialize the pharmacologically active agents from these drug reserves.

简介：为了学习简历，活跃代谢物由导出海绵的未耕作的共生者生产了，海绵Gelliodesgracilis的共生者的一个metagenomicDNA图书馆被构造。DNA的平均尺寸在图书馆插入是20kb。这个图书馆用纸圆盘assaying为抗菌素活动被屏蔽。二克隆对小球菌tetragenus显示了抗菌剂活动。这二克隆的代谢物通过HPLC被分析。结果证明他们的代谢物与主人E的那些相当不同。包含向量pHZ132的关口iDH5α和主人。这研究可以介绍一条新途径给探索简历海绵共生者的活跃代谢物。

简介：Aconitumspecies(Ranunculaceae),whichdistributewidelyinmiddleandlowerreachesoftheYangziRiver,northandsouthwestofChina,containhighlytoxicdiesterditerpeneAconitumalkaloids,especiallyhighcontentofaconitine.

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简介：Panaxnotoginsengsaponins(PNS)arethemajorcomponentsofPanaxnotoginseng,withmultiplepharmacologicalactivitiesbutpoororalbioavailability.PNScouldbemetabolizedbygutmicrobiotainvitro,whiletheexactroleofgutmicrobiotaofPNSmetabolisminvivoremainspoorlyunderstood.Inthisstudy,pseudogerm-freeratmodelswereconstructedbyusingbroad-spectrumantibioticstovalidatethegutmicrobiota-mediatedtransformationofPNSinvivo.Moreover,ahighperformanceliquidchromatography-electrosprayionizationtandemmassspectrometry(HPLC-ESI-MS/MS)wasdevelopedforquantitativeanalysisoffourmetabolitesofPNS,includingginsenosideF1(GF1),ginsenosideRh2(GRh2),ginsenosidecompoundK(GCK)andprotopanaxatriol(PPT).Theresultsshowedthatthefourmetabolitescouldbedetectedinthecontrolratplasma,whiletheycouldnotbedeterminedinpseudogerm-freeratplasma.TheresultsimpliedthatPNScouldnotbebiotransformedeffectivelywhengutmicrobiotawasdisrupted.Inconclusion,gutmicrobiotaplaysanimportantroleinbiotransformationofPNSintometabolitesinvivo.

简介：Aseriesofnovel1H-benzimidazol-1-ylacetatesand1H-benzimidazol-1-ylpropionatescontaining1H-1,2,4-triazolemoietyweresynthesizedundermicrowaveirradiationbymulti-stepreactions,inyieldsof87-94%.TheirinvitroantifungalactivitiesagainstBotrytiscinereaandSclerotiniasclerotiorumwereevaluatedbymycelialgrowthratemethod.AllthetargetcompoundsexhibithighactivitiesagainstB.cinereawiththeEC50valuesof7.96-21.74μg/mL,higherthanthatofcarbendazim.

简介：一个entomopathogenic细菌，Xenorhabdusnematophila，被知道了由禁止联系免疫者的phospholipaseA2(PLA2)导致目标昆虫的重要免疫力的抑制，它随后关掉在在昆虫的有免疫力的调停是批评的eicosanoids的生合成。一些代谢物从细菌的文化肉汤发源被识别了并且包括benzylideneacetone，脯氨酸酷氨酸和acetylatedphenylalanine-glycine-valine，它被知道禁止从血球和胖身体提取的PLA2的酶活动。这研究在甜菜粟蚕的消化PLA2上测试了他们的效果，Spodopteraexigua。年轻幼虫喂了三代谢物的不同集中在100g/mL下面甚至在剂量在幼虫的开发导致了重要不利效果。特别地，他们在摄取的食物的消化效率导致了重要减小。所有三代谢物显著地禁止了在一个低micromolar范围从第五个中间形态幼虫的midgut腔提取的消化PLA2的催化活动。这些结果建议S的消化PLA2上的三细菌的代谢物的禁止的活动。exiguamidgut可以解释一些他们的口头的有毒的效果。

简介：Si-Miao-Wan(SMW),atradiationalChinesemedicinalformulaconsistingofAtractylodisRhizoma,PhellodendriChinensisCortex,CoicisSemen,andAchyranthisBidentataeRadix,hasbeenusedforthetreatmentofgoutandgoutyarthritisformanyyears.Inthepresentstudy,aliquidchromatographyquadrupole-time-of-flightmassspectrometry(LC-Q-TOF/MS)methodwasestablishedtoidentifythemultipleconstituentsofSMWanditsmetabolitesinratbiologicalsamplesafteroraladministration.Atotalof48compoundsinSMW,including21alkaloids,12organicacids,2terpenes,3lactones,2phytosterols,and8othercompounds,weretentativelycharacterizedwiththediagnostic-ionfilteringstrategy.BasedonthediagnosticionsappliedtoidentifycompoundsinSMW,28prototypecompoundsand10metaboliccompoundsweredetectedinthebiologicalsamples.ThiswasthefirstcomprehensivedrugmetabolisminvestigationofSMWinrats.Thedevelopedmethodcouldbeausefulmeansforidentifyingthemulti-componentsinSMWandthemetaboliccomponents.TheresultsmayhelpexplorethepossiblemetabolicprocessesandmechanismofactionforSMWinvivo.