简介:Tomhasamouseatschool.Ithaspinkeyes,ablacknose,andbigears.Themouselivesinacage(笼子).Oneday,Tomforgetstoclosethecagedoor.Now,hecan’tfindthe
简介:Longlongago,acatandamouseweregoodfriends.Theyatetogether,playedandslepttogether.Theywerethebestfriendsinthewoods. Butoneday,theyweren'tfriendsforever.Fairieswantedtocampaignforthe12symbolicanimalsassociatedwitha12-yearcycle.Thecatandthemousebothwenttocampaignattheappointedtime.Themorningintheseconddaythemousewasboring:ShouldIgotothecampaignwiththecat?AndshouldIgotocallhim?Thecatwasalazyanimal:Hewasstillsleepingnow.Andthemousedidn'twanttocallhimup.Finallythemousewasthefirstanimalinthe12symbolicanimalsassociatedwitha12-yearcycle.Butthecatwasnot.Sotodaycatsalwayswanttocatchmiceandeatthem.Becausetheyrememberthishistory:Mouseforsookcat!
简介:Razor是滑鼠领域里面的一面旗帜.它仅有的两款产品Boomslang1000和Boomslang2000为其赢得了鼠标之王的荣耀。成功的产品未必是成功的商品.Razor并没有因为产品的成功而获得足够的商业上的成功。因此Boomslang2000出来以后的很长时间.Razor沉寂了。直到最近Terratec(德国坦克)向Razor注入了新鲜的血液.于是第三款Razor鼠标MYSTIFYRazorBoomslang2100终于出现在了人们的视线里.Terratec很快就把它带入了中国。
简介:一个适当小动物模型的缺乏仍然是一个主要障碍因为学习immunotolerance和immunopathogenesis由肝炎B病毒(HBV)导致了感染。在这研究,我们与recombinant在感染以后与持续HBVviremia报导一个老鼠模型带一个可复制的HBV染色体(AAV/HBV)的联系adeno的病毒(AAV)。类似于临床的HBV搬运人,感染AAV/HBV的老鼠为对HBV表面抗原(HBsAg)的抗体是sero否定的。有面对铝助手疫苗的常规HBV的免疫没能在这些老鼠对HBV得到有免疫力的回答。为了识别一支疫苗,那能潜在地围绕这忍耐,TLR9收缩筋CpG作为一个助手被加到HBsAg。有HBsAg/CpG的老鼠的种痘导致了viremia,而且强壮的抗体生产和T房间回答的不仅清理。而且,DNA复制和HBV的蛋白质表示显著地在AAV/HBV-infected鼠标的肝被减少。因此,AAV/HBV-infected老鼠可以作为一个柔韧的模型被使用调查HBVimmunotolerance并且为开发新奇免疫疗法根除的内在的机制HBV感染。
简介:Themainapproachtoreducegraftrejectionhasbeenfocusedonthedevelopmentofimmunosuppressiveagentsatpresent.Althoughthesestrategieshavereportedlyreducedgraftrejection,therehasbeenareciprocalincreaseinmoresevereimmunosuppressionandlethalinfections,aswellasseveresideeffects.BlockadeofcostimulatoryTcellresponsehasbeenprovedasoneofusefulstrategiestoreducegraftrejection.Furthermore,ithasbeenshownthatinfusionofdendriticcells(DCs)withapotentnegativeregulatoryabilityforTcellscouldprolongallograftsurvival.InthisstudymouseDCs(mDCs)weretransfectedwiththerecombinantplasmidpcDNA3.0containingmouseinduciblecostimulator-Ig(mICOS-Ig)cDNAbyelectroporation.ThetransientexpressionofmICOS-IginmDCcouldbedetectedbyELISAandSDS-PAGE.MouseICOS-IgfusionproteinexpressedinmDCandmICOS-Iggene-modifiedmDCcouldinhibitlymphocyteproliferationinmixedlymphocyteculture(MLC)invitro.Furthermore,mICOS-Iggene-modifiedmDCcouldinhibitlymphocyteproliferationinrecipientmice.TheseresultssuggestedthatmICOS-Iggene-modifiedmDCexertedinhibitoryeffectsonTcells,andmightbesuitablefortreatmentorpreventionofgraftrejectionandimmunopathologicdiseases.
简介:ActivinAisakindofpre-inflammatoryfactorthatbelongstothetransforminggrowthfactor-β(TGF-β)superfamily.ToinvestigatetheeffectandmechanismofactivinAontheactivitiesofmousemacrophages,thesecretionofNOinthesupernatantofculturedmouseperitonealmacrophageswasexaminedbyNOassaykit,andtheexpressionofiNOS,ActRIIAandARIP2mRNAinmouseperitonealmacrophageswasanalyzedbyRT-PCR.TheresultsshowedthatactivinAstimulatedthesecretionofNOandtheexpressionofiNOSmRNAinnon-activatedmousemacrophagesinatime-anddose-dependentmanner.Incontrast,activinAinthesameconcentrationinhibitedthesecretionofNOinLPS-activatedmousemacrophagesinadose-dependentmanner.ActRIIAwashighlyexpressedonmacrophages,andactivinAupregulatedtheActRIIAmRNAexpressioninmacrophages.Anti-ActRIIAantibodycanblockthesecretionofNOfromthemacrophagesstimulatedbyactivinA.Furthermore,RT-PCRanalysisrevealedthatactivinAenhancedtheARIP2mRNAexpressioninmacrophages.TheseresultsindicatedthatActivinAmaybeaweakactivatorcomparedwithLPStomousemacrophages,andactivinAmaymodulatethesecretionofNOthroughActRIIA-ARIP2signalpathwayinmousemacrophages.
简介:客观:在在裸体老鼠定位人的chorio癌的异种皮移植学习radioimmuno察觉的效率。方法:Radioimmuno察觉用鸡尾酒抗体被执行标记of131I的老鼠在裸体定位人的choriocarcinoma的异种皮移植的反人的chorionicgonadotropinmonoclonal抗体老鼠。在不同纸巾的放射性被测量,tumor/non-tumor比率是计算的。正常老鼠IgG被用作控制IgG。结果:在异种皮移植区域的放射性的累积能在放射性同位素示踪的抗体的注射以后象24h一样早被认出。72鈥?在注射以后的6h,异种皮移植能清楚地被显示出。最小的显示出的异种皮移植是在直径的0.8厘米。tumor/non-tumor比率与时间增加了并且在控制组显然比那高。结论:Radioimmunodetection能高效地在裸体老鼠定位人的choriocarcinoma异种皮移植。