简介：Themeasurement,reporting,andverification(MRV)ofclimatefinancewasoriginatedfromdiscussionsundertheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC).Ithasbeenoneofthekeyissuesofglobalclimatenegotiationssince2009andwillcontinuetobeofsignificantimportanceinaddressingclimatechangeandstrengtheninginternationaltrust.Thispaperanalysestheconcept,theobjective,andtheprogressoftheMRVofclimatefinancebasedonreviewsofthelatestliteratureandthink-tankreportsregardingclimatefinanceregimeandMRV.Followingtheanalysis,challengesfacedwiththeMRVofclimatefinanceareillustrated.Thispaperpresentsthatthecomparabilityofclimatefinancedataneedstobeimprovedduetothevarietyofmethodologiesusedfordisaggregatingclimatefinance.Inaddition,theintegralityoftheMRVsystemofclimatefinancehasbeenimpairedbythelackoffeedbackmechanismfromtherecipientstothecontributorsinreportingsystem.Furthermore,althoughaccountingsystemofclimatefinancehasbeendevelopingandimproving,itremainsincapacityinprovidingaccuratedataondisbursedclimatefinance.Respondingtotheabovechallenges,thispaperproposesthekeytasksinestablishingacomprehensiveMRVsystemforclimatefinanceatinternationallevel.Thetasksinvolvedevelopingameasurementsystemwithconsistentdatabasisandaccountingbasis,areportingsystemwithmoredetailedguidanceandstandardizedformats,aswellasaverificationmechanismbalancingtop-downandbottom-upreviewprocesses.Inthelastsection,thispaperconcludesthattheestablishmentofanimprovedMRVofclimatefinancerequiresconcertedcooperationandnegotiationsbetweendevelopedanddevelopingcountryPartiesundertheUNFCCC.AsoneofthefewdevelopingcountrydonorstotheGlobalEnvironmentalFacility(GEF),Chinaissuggestedtoclarifyitspropositionsasadevelopingcountryinaspectssuchasconcept,coverage,andarchitectureofclimatefinanceandMRVsystem,andgainbargai

简介：Twoopposingintellectualtraditionsandtheircontem-porarydevelopmentsregardingtherelationsamongpopulation,availableresources,andqualityoflifeasreflectedineconomicgrowtharereviewed.Whatisatissueiswhetherpopulationgrowthisdetrimentaltoorbeneficialforeconomicdevelopment.Neitheroftheextremeviewsgivesacompletepictureoftheinterplayamongpopulation,resources,andqualityoflife.Followingpreviousliteratureonthetopic,thispaperestablishesamorebalancedapproachthatconsidersthefunctionlinkingpopulationandqualityoflifenotconstantbutvariableandregardsthelimitednessofresourcesasnotabsolutebutrelativetoregionsandsocieties.Theproposedapproachismoreflexibleinbetterexplainingtherelationbetweenpopulationandeconomicgrowth.Chinaisexaminedasacaseinpointtoshedlightontheinteractionofpopulationgrowth,economicdevelopment,andavailableresources,anditsrecentpost-economicreformexperiencesshowcasetheappropriatenessofthesyntheticapproach.