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简介：TaijiquanisamartialartofthehighestorderisculturallyetchedintheChineseheritageandentrenchedinwushupulpfictionandkungfumovies.Thereinliestheenigma.Thegentleslow-motionpracticecannotbemoreremotefromthespeedandpowerofcombat.AndaddingtothemystiqueisthepropositionthatTaijiquan'skungfuprowessisnotdrawnfromthephysicalstrengthofthemusculaturebutfromsome"innerstrength"orNeijin.ThissacredbeliefwasdesecratedwhenafighterthrashedaselfproclaimedTaijiquangrandmasterignominiouslyin10secondsinanopenmatch.Taijiquanwasthenderidedasaboguscombatart.TheincidentshakesthefoundationofTaijiquanandputsintoquestionsmanyofitstoutedclaims,whichchallengesthescientificquestoftheart.ThepaperconfrontstheissuedirectlybystudyingthemanifestationofNeijinintheframeworkofsciencetoprovideascientificbasisfortheart.Ittranscribestheyin-yangmetaphysicsthatregulatesTaijiquantrainingintermsofthealignmentofmuscleactionstobalanceandtounifymomentum,whichdevelopsthecorestrengthofNeijinandtheunderlyinglife-forceQienergy.Fromthisflowsthekungfumarvels,whichlieinthelivelinessandagilityofNeijin'sresponseandintheforceensuingthatisoftherightvectorvalues,allessentialinthefluidityofcombatapplication.ThemartialaspectofTaijiquanprovidesaconcreterepresentationofNeijin,whichgivesanexperientialinsightintothemultifacetedconceptofQi,andinturnapathwaytotheexplorationofQiinphysiologyandthusinQienergymedicine.

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简介：ThisisthespecialissuedevotedtobioinformaticsresearchinSingapore.BioinformaticsresearchinSingaporestartedlargelyin1996whentheBioinformaticsCenter,NationalUniversityofSingapore,wasformed.Withthegovernment'seffortstoturnSingaporeintoapowerhouseofbiomedicalresearch,theGenomeInstituteofSingaporeandtheBioinformaticsInstituteofSingaporehavebeenestablishedsince2000.Recently,abioinformaticsresearchcenterwasalsoformedintheNanyangTechnologicalUniversity.Currently,therearealargenumberofbioinformaticsresearchteamsineachoftheseinstitutions.

简介：组蛋白甲基化是参予细胞的过程的一个多样的数组的重要epigenetic现象并且被发现了与癌症被联系。几的Recentidentification嘘一demethylases证明了那嘘一甲基化是一个可逆过程。通过一条候选人途径，我们化学上有简历作为H3K27demethylase识别了JMJD3。进HeLa房间的JMJD3的Transfection引起了整齐的乙醇H3K27的特定的减小，但是没在di-和单音的甲基H3K27上有效果，或嘘H3K4和H3K9上的一离氨酸methylations。Theenzymatic活动要求JmjC域和被建议了为余因子绑定重要的保存组氨酸。试管内生物化学的实验证明那JMJD3directly催化demethylation。另外，我们发现JMJD3起来在前列腺癌症，和它的表示调整了在变形前列腺癌症是更高的。因此，我们作为能够把整齐的乙醇组从移开的ademethylase识别了JMJD3嘘一H3离氨酸27并且起来在前列腺癌症调整了。

简介：Themodulationandcontrolofgecko'sfootmovementswerestudiedelectrophysiologicallyinordertodesignthemotorcontrolsystemofagecko-mimicrobot.Inthisstudy(1)theanatomyoftheperipheralnervescontrollingthegecko'sfootmovementswasdetermined;(2)therelationshipbetweenthelimbnervesofthegeckoanditsfootmotorpatternswasstudied;(3)theafferentimpulsesofthenervesevokedbyrubbingthegecko'stoesandpalmwererecorded;(4)copyingthenaturalpatternsofmovementofthegecko'sfoot(abduction,adduction,flexion,andrevolution)anditslimbnervemodulationandcontrolmechanism,thenerveswerestimulatedundercomputercontrol,andtheresultsrecordedbyCCD.Resultssuggestthatgecko'sfootmovementscanbesuccessfullycontrolledbyartificialelectricalsignals.

简介：Thesandfishisalizardhavingtheremarkableabilitytomoveindesertsandinaswimming-likefashion.Themostout-standingadaptationstothismodeoflifearethelowfrictionbehaviourandtheextensiveabrasionresistanceofthesandfishskinagainstsand,outperformingevensteel.Weinvestigatedthetopography,thecompositionandthemechanicalpropertiesofsandfishscales.Theseconsistofglycosylatedkeratinswithhighamountofsulphurbutnohardinorganicmaterial,suchassilicatesorlime.Remarkably,atomicforcemicroscopyshowsanalmostcompleteabsenceofattractiveforcesbetweenthescalesurfaceandasilicontip,suggestingthatthisisresponsiblefortheunusualtribologicalproperties.Theunusualglycosylationofthekeratinswasfoundtobeabsolutelynecessaryforthedescribedphenomenon.Thescalesweredissolvedandreconstitutedonapolymersurfaceresultinginpropertiessimilartotheoriginalscale.Thus,weprovideapathwaytowardsexploitationofthereconstitutedscalematerialforfutureengineeringapplications.

简介：AninteractivetooltovisualizetheK-stringcompositionoflongDNAsequencesincludingbacterialcompletegenomesisdescribed.Itisespeciallyusefulforexploringshortpalindromicstructuresinthesequences.TheSeeDNAprogramrunsonRedHatLinuxwithGTK+support.Itdisplaystwo-dimensional(2D)orone-dimensional(1D)histogramsoftheK-stringdistributionofagivensequenceand/oritsrandomizedcounterpart.ItisalsocapableofshowingthedifferenceofK-stringdistributionsbetweentwosequences.TheCsourcecodeusingtheGTK+packageisfreelyavailable.

简介：应《中国真菌学杂志》主编温海教授的邀请，国际著名医学真菌学研究专家、隐球菌与隐球菌病研究领域的先驱和权威、美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）分子微生物学实验室主任K．J．Kwon-Chung教授于2006年6月2日来到上海，在上海长征医院就隐球菌病的基础和临床研究进行了专题学术交流。K．J．Kwon-Chung教授是国际知名的隐球菌研究专家，在Science，PNAS上均有多篇论文发表，发表SCI论文近200篇。

简介：China'sFreeARTProgramwasinitiatedin2002asanemergencyresponsetosaveandimprovethelivesofAIDSpatientslivingmainlyinimpoverishedruralregionsofcentralChina.WithlittleexperienceinHIV/AIDStreatmentandcareandresourcelimitations,China'seffortstoprovidewidespreadaccesstofreeantiretroviraltherapyhasbeenaprocessfraughtwithdifficulty.However,theFreeARTProgramisprogressingfromanemergencyresponsetoastandardizedtreatmentandcaresystem.Thedevelopmentofnationalguidelines,trainingprograms,alaboratorysupportnetwork,anationalpatientdatabase,programsforspecialpopulationssuchaschildrenandpatientslivingwithcoinfections,andoperationalresearchhasimprovedthescopeandqualityofthefreetreatmentprogram.AsofJune30,2005,atotalof19,456patientsin28provinces,autonomousregions,andspecialmunicipalitieshadreceivedfreeART.ChallengesstemmingfromthenatureofChina'shealthsystemandpatientpopulationpersist,butwithstronggovernmentsupportandadiversesetofresources,Chinahasthecapacitytoovercomethesechallengesandtoprovidenationwideaccesstohighqualitytreatmentandcare.

简介：Naturalcomposites,formedthroughbiomineralization,havehighlyorderedstructureswhichhavebeenaptlyexploredforfunctionalapplications.Thoughtheroleoforganicphaseshasbeenwellunderstoodinbiomineralization,notenoughattentionhasbeenpaidtotheroleofbio-membraneswhichareoftenfoundencapsulatingthechamberinwhichmineralizationoccurs.Wehaveusedthenaturalproteinandsemi-permeablemembraneofchickeneggstogrowdifferentmaterialssuchasceramics,semi-metalsandmetalstounderstandtheroleofbio-membranesinbiomineralization.Weherereportthesuccessfulbiomimeticsynthesisofcalcite,cadmiumsulphide,andsilverhavinghomogeneousmorphologies.Wehavefoundthatthemembraneoperateslikeatunedgateway,playingasignificantroleincontrollingthemorphologyoftheinorganiccrystalsformedduringbiomineralization.

简介：通过对20世纪80年代以来具有代表性的华北夏谷区审(鉴)定的20个主栽谷子品种进行SSR标记多态性分析,研究了华北地区育成谷子品种的遗传多样性。49对引物在20个谷子品种中扩增出具有多态性的条带,共检测出142个等位变异,平均每个位点检测出的等位变异数为2.96个。标记位点多态性信息含量(PIC)变幅为0.0904~0.6896,平均为0.4168。20份材料间的遗传距离变幅为0.0173~0.9000,聚类分析将其分成3个类群,其中谷丰1号自成一类,表明谷丰1号的遗传距离较其他品种大。不同年代谷子品种间遗传距离分析结果显示,各年代品种之间的平均遗传距离由大到小依次是1980s>1990s>2000s>2010s,表明随着年代的递进育成品种的遗传差异减小,亲缘关系增近。

简介：Thecorona-likespikesorpeplomersonthesurfaceofthevirionunderelectronicmicroscopearethemoststrikingfeaturesofcoronaviruses.TheS(spike)proteinisthelargeststructuralprotein,with1,255aminoacids,intheviralgenome.Itsstructurecanbedividedintothreeregions:alongN-terminalregionintheexte-rior,acharacteristictransmembrane(TM)region,andashortC-terminusintheinteriorofavirion.WedetectedfifteensubstitutionsofnucleotidesbycomparisonswiththeseventeenpublishedSARS-CoVgenomesequences,eight(53.3%)ofwhicharenon-synonymousmutationsleadingtoaminoacidalternationswithpredictedphysiochemicalchanges.ThepossibleantigenicdeterminantsoftheSproteinarepredicted,andtheresultisconfirmedbyELISA(enzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay)withsynthesizedpeptides.AnotherprofoundfindingisthatthreedisulfidebondsaredefinedattheC-terminuswiththeN-terminusoftheE(envelope)pro-tein,basedonthetypicalsequenceandpositions,thusestablishingthestructuralconnectionwiththesetwoimportantstructuralproteins,ifconfirmed.Phyloge-neticanalysisrevealsseveralconservedregionsthatmightbepotentdrugtargets.

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简介：Ionizingradiationisoneofthemosteffectivetoolsincancertherapy.Inapreviousstudy,wereportedthatproteintyrosinekinase(PTK)inhibitorsmodulatetheradiationresponsesinthehumanchronicmyelogenousleukemia(CML)celllineK562.Thereceptortyrosinekinaseinhibitor,genistein,delayedradiation-inducedcelldeath,whilenon-receptertyrosinekinaseinhibitor,herbimycinA(HMA)enhancesradiation-inducedapoptosis.Inthisstudy,wefocusedonthemodulationofradiation-inducedcelldeathbygenisteinandperformedPCR-selectsuppressionsubtractivehybridization(SSH)tounderstanditsmolecularmechanism.Weidentifiedhumanthymidinekinase1(TK1),whichiscellcycleregulatorygeneandconfirmedexpressionofTK1mRNAbyNorthernblotanalysis.ExpressionofTK1mRNAandTK1enzymaticactivitywereparallelintheirincreaseanddecrease.TK1isinvolvedinG1-Sphasetransitionofcellcycleprogression.Incellcycleanalysis,weshowedthatradiationinducedG2arrestinK562cellsbutitwasnotabletosustain.However,theadditionofgenisteintoirradiatedcellssustainedaprolongedG2arrestupto120h.Inaddition,theexpressionofcellcycle-relatedproteins,cyclinAandcyclinB1,providedtheevidencesofG1/SprogressionandG2-arrest,andtheirrelationshipwithTK1incellstreatedwithradiationandgenistein.TheseresultssuggestthattheactivationofTK1maybecriticaltomodulatetheradiation-inducedcelldeathandcellcycleprogressioninirradiatedK562cells.

简介：生节是对在昆虫的细菌的挑战的占优势的细胞的防卫反应。在这研究，Chrysomyamegacephala的第三个中间形态幼虫与细菌被注射，Escherichia关口iK12(106CFU/mL，2μL)，立即在eicosanoid生合成的禁止者的注射以前，它严厉地减少的生节反应。测试幼虫与2(dexamethasone)，cyclo-oxygenase(消炎痛，布洛芬和piroxicam)，双cyclo-oxygenase/lipoxygenase(phenidone)和lipoxygenase(esculetin)和这些减少了的phospholipase的特定的禁止者被对待除了esculetin的生节。细菌的影响在注射(5nodules/larva)的2h以内是明显的，并且在8h以后增加了到最大值(与15nodules/larva)，然后显著地减少了超过24h(9nodules/larva)。dexamethasone的禁止的影响在注射(4对5nodules/larva)的2h以内是明显的，并且生节显著地与控制相比被减少，在24h(5对8nodules/larva)上。布洛芬，消炎痛，piroxicam和phenidone的增加的剂量导致了小瘤的减少的数字。小瘤继续在蛹的阶段期间存在。然而，dexamethasone的效果被与eicosanoid先锋多元不堡和对待注射细菌的昆虫颠倒丰满的酸，arachidonic酸。这些调查结果同意了我们eicosanoid能调停的看法响应在另一Dipteran昆虫C的细菌的感染的细胞的防卫机制。megacephala。

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简介：WehaverecentlyclonedapathogeninducibleblastresistancegenePi-khfromtheindicaricelineTetepusingapositionalcloningapproach.Inthisstudy,wecarriedoutstructuralorganizationanalysisofthePi-khlocusinbothindicaandjaponicaricelines.A100kbregioncontaining50kbupstreamand50kbdown-streamsequencesflankingtothePi-khlocuswasselectedfortheinvestigation.Atotalof16genesinindicaand15genesinjaponicawerepredictedandanno-tatedinthisregion.TheaverageGCcontentofindicaandjaponicagenesinthisregionwas53.15%and49.3%,respectively.Bothindicaandjaponicasequenceswerepolymorphicforsimplesequencerepeatshavingmono-,di-,tri-,tetra-,andpentanucleotides.SequenceanalysisofthespecificblastresistantPi-khalleleofTetepandthesusceptiblePi-khalleleofthejaponicaricelineNipponbareshoweddifferencesinthenumberanddistributionofmotifsinvolvedinphosphorylation,resultingintheresistancephenotypeinTetep.

简介：【目的】谷斑皮蠹是一种重要的检疫性害虫,在新疆周边多个国家分布,口岸检疫人员多次从进境货物中截获谷斑皮蠹,该虫对新疆的农业生产极具威胁。【方法】以谷斑皮蠹的16SrDNA基因为靶序列,用昆虫通用引物对4种供试皮蠹进行PCR扩增,将扩增产物进行克隆和测序,用生物软件设计检测谷斑皮蠹的特异性引物与探针。【结果】设计的特异性引物（TG-SNP-F/TG-SNP-R）及所建立的常规PCR方法能有效检测出谷斑皮蠹,其扩增产物的片段大小为250bp,灵敏度为3ng·μL^-1设计的特异性引物（TG-F/TG-R）和探针（TG-probe）,以及所建立的实时荧光PCR方法,对谷斑皮蠹的检测特异性强,灵敏度达0.8fg·μL^-1【结论】建立的常规PCR方法和实时荧光PCR检测方法能够对谷斑皮蠹进行准确鉴定,为口岸检疫人员检测进境货物中携带的谷斑皮蠹提供技术支持。