简介：Theeffectofinitialconcentrationsonsolidificationofammoniumchloridewatersolutionisnumericallyinvestigatedindetail.Thesolidifyingprocess.withthecoldwalltemperaturelowerthantheeutectictemperature,isassumedtobeone-dimensional,andcontrolledbyheatconductiononly.Thesimulationrevealsthat:(1)Thesolid-mushinterfacegrowsinalinearmanner,whilethegrowthrateofthemush-liquidinterfacedecreasesinaparabolicmanner,withincreasinginitialconcentrations.(2)Thetemperaturefieldinthewholeregionhasparaboliccharacteristics,butisshowsalinearfeatureinthesolidzoneandmushyzone.(3)Theconcentrationalwayshaslinearcharacteristicsinthemuch.(4)Thesolidfractiondistributionisstronglyaffectedbytheinitialconcertration.Thesolidificationprocessshowsquitedifferentfeatures,especiallyatsmallandhighinitialconcentrations.

简介：118农业土壤和43件蔬菜样品的一个总数从Dongguan城市被收集，广东，中国。空间分发，来源，累积特征和在农业土壤和蔬菜的重金属的潜在的风险被三条不同途径在细节描绘，包括在土壤和蔬菜的八个金属元素的全部的内容，在在学习的土壤的重金属的GIS地图和multivariate分析。结果证明在农业土壤有象Cu，Zn，Ni，Pb，Cd和Hg那样的重金属的更高的累积，并且Pb的内容(65.38mgkg?2)并且Hg(0.24mgkg?2)分别地是在广东省的土壤的相应重金属的背景内容的1.82和2.82次。有在附近的3.4%Cu，5.9%Ni，1.7%Cd和28%Hg在所有从有的所有调查地点收集了土壤样品溢出为为土壤标准的中国环境质量的重金属的内容(GB15618-1995，等级II)。在土壤的多金属的污染特征被Hg主要反映。到在土壤的八个金属元素有不同来源，Cu，Zn，Ni，Cr并且这是主要源于父母材料，并且Pb，Hg和Cd被人为的活动影响。空间分发表演Cu，Zn，Ni，Cr，Pb并且农业土壤的Hg内容在西方高并且在东方，和Cd内容低在西北高，东南并且在在Dongguan的西南低。Ni的蔬菜样品的比率，Pb并且作为比最大值高的集中，在食物(GB2762-2005)的沾染物的层次分别地是4.7%，16.3%和48.8%。在蔬菜的重金属的简历集中因素(BCF)的顺序是Cd>Zn>Cu>作为>Ni>Hg>Cr>Pb。在Dongguan城市里从农业土壤和蔬菜为食物安全和人健康集中于重金属的潜在的风险是必要的，广东省。

简介：这篇论文在Guiyang的地表的土壤描述象Cu和Zn那样的重金属污染物质的环境联盟者geochemical特征，GuizhouProvince的首都的城市。在土壤和geochemical标准的重金属的基线集中被建立了在环境上区分自然或人工的影响。用统计上分析方法，我们在Guiyang(18.8mg/kg)建立了Cu的基线，土壤(超过68.4mg/kg)可以承受Cu污染。Zn的数据是46。3mg/kg并且112。0mg/kg。Geoaccumulation指数分析显示有sufferednon污染到的地表的土壤为38%，38%，和22%的Cu帐户为中间污染中间污染，并且仅仅对严重污染中间污染的2%between。承受了Zn的非污染tomid污染的地表的土壤占41%，50%，和7%为中间污染，并且仅仅2%betweenmid污染到严重污染。Cu污染的最大的度在Guiyang的surficials油是5.09。没为53承受Cu污染报道的地表的土壤。2%。Cu的全部的污染度是稍微超过零。Guiyang的地表的土壤因此承受了slightCu污染。Zn污染度的最大的价值是2。85在地表的土壤ofGuiyang。77。8%地表的土壤还没承受了任何Zn污染。Zn的全部的污染度是不到零。在Guiyang的地表的土壤因此从Zn的污染是免费的。

简介：Thestructureofatmosphericboundarylayerdeterminestheabilityofatmosphericdispersionandhasanessentialimpactonairborneaerosols.Inthispaper,thedataofaradiosoundingexperimentheldinDongguanNationalMeteorologicalObservationStation,whichisinacoastalcityinPearlRiverDelta,aswellasthedataofatmosphericaerosols,wereutilizedinordertoanalyzethecharacteristicsofatmosphericboundarylayeranditseffectsonsurfaceaerosolconcentrations.Theresultsareshowedatfollows:thelocalcirculations,associatedwithdominantwinds,madecomplexstructuresofatmosphericlayers,asthecoldairandsystematicwindsweakenedintheendofacoldairevent.Weakenedwindshearsandinversionlayers,especiallyastrongnear-surfaceinversionlayer,remarkablydiminishedtheatmosphericdiffusionabilitiesandfacilitatedanespeciallyhighconcentrationofsurfaceaerosols.Theconvergencelineorweakshearlineofseabreezeinthegroundlevelhelpsweakentheatmosphericdiffusionabilitiesandresultsinatmosphericaerosolsaccumulation.

简介：Themethaneconcentrationprofilefrom-1.5mdepthinsoilto32mheightinairwasmeasuredinalpinesteppelo-catedinthepermafrostarea.Methaneconcentrationsshowedwidelyvariationsbothinairandinsoilduringthestudyperiod.Themeanconcentrationsinatmospherewereallhigherthanthoseinsoil,andthehighestmethaneconcentrationwasfoundinairattheheightof16mwiththelowestconcentrationoccur-ringatthedepthof1.5minsoil.Thevariationsofatmosphericmethaneconcentrationsdidnotshowanyclearpatternbothtemporallyandspatially,althoughtheyexhibitedamoresteady-stablestatethanthoseinsoil.Duringtheseasonalvariations,themethaneconcentrationsatdifferentdepthsinsoilweresig-nificantlycorrelated(R2>0.6)witheachothercomparingtotheweakcorrelations(R2<0.2)betweentheatmosphericconcentra-tionsatdifferentheights.Meanmethaneconcentrationsinsoilsignificantlydecreasedwithdepth.Thiswasthecompositiveinfluenceofthedecreasingproductionratesandtheincreasingmethaneoxidationrates,whichwascausedbythedescentsoilmoisturewithdepth.Althoughthemethaneconcentrationsatalldepthsvariedwidelyduringthegrowingseason,theyshowedverydistincttemporalvariationsinthenon-growingseason.Itwasindicatedfromtheliteraturesthatmethaneoxidationrateswerepositivelycorrelatedwithsoiltemperature.Thehighermethaneconcentrationsinsoilduringthewinterweredeter-minedbythelowermethaneoxidationrateswithdecreasingsoiltemperatures,whereasmethaneproductionrateshadnoreactiontothelowertemperature.Relationsbetweenmethanecontributionandotherenvironmentalfactorswerenotdiscussedinthispaperforlackingofdata,whichimpulseustocarryoutfurtherandmoredetailedstudiesinthisuniquearea.

简介：在雪坑的重金属Ba，Pb，Cu，Zn和公司的集中从累积区域在2005年9月收集了东方Rongbuk冰河(6523ma.s.l)躺在科莫朗马山的北斜坡上，诱导地旁边是坚定的co

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简介：最近的研究证明了联机录像成像是为监视结晶化过程的一种很有希望的技术。当需要柔韧、快、有能力处理的图象分析由于操作象混合和稳固的集中那样的条件的时间的变化改变了图象质量，在为即时靠近环的控制使用这种技术的瓶颈被考虑。因为晶体趋于重叠或属于对方，在高固体的集中的图象分析结果极其挑战性，在晶体之间的边界通常是模糊的。这篇论文论述能有效地处理在高固体的集中拿的图象的一个图象分割算法。方法片断晶体在水晶块的轮廓上沿着主要相关的凹面点属于对方。详细过程在一个热阶段的反应堆用申请被介绍给l-glutamic酸的结晶化。

简介：在骨头的Microdamage累积在破裂过程期间是为精力驱散的机制之一。在骨头成分的超微结构和作文的变化能由于老化或疾病影响microdamage累积。钠氟化物(NaF)的低集中(1mM)在这研究被使用了在跟随免费秋天的影响装载的老鼠胫骨在microdamage累积上调查ultrastructural变化的效果。22根胫骨随机被划分成控制和对待NaF的组。装载的免费秋天的影响在每根胫骨上被进行两次生产microdamage。对待NaF的胫骨的有弹性的模量在影响装载以后显著地减少了，当在未经治疗的样品在之间的模量没有重要差别时预先损坏并且损坏以后的装载。Microdamage形态学分析少些显示出那，更短的microcracks与控制骨头相比在对待NaF的胫骨存在。同时，更多和更长的microcracks在压缩区域与那相比在未经治疗的样品在张力的区域被观察，而没有重要差别在对待NaF的骨头在张力、压缩的区域之间被观察。这研究的结果显示更多的精力被要求比在正常骨头在对待NaF的骨头产生microcracks。氟化物处理的低集中可以在装载的影响下面增加骨头的坚韧。这研究在ultrastructural的效果上集中了的图形的摘要在影响装载下面在骨头在microdamage上变化。对待NaF的胫骨的有弹性的模量在影响装载以后显著地减少了。更少和更短的microcracks在对待NaF的胫骨骨头存在。更多的精力被要求在对待NaF的骨头产生microdamage。氟化物处理的低集中可以增加骨头的坚韧。

简介：散布盐溶液的康普顿被研究。第一，根据散布理论的康普顿的意见，在集中和散布光子计数之间的线性关系被获得。然后它被为一些答案散布实验的康普顿证明。根据那些实验，阳离子的原子序数什么时候为碱金属氯化物答案和碱地球的金属氯化物答案被增加，被发现斜坡被减少。基于那些关系，一个新方法测量盐溶液的集中被支持未触动过测量答案。

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简介：长路径的微分光吸收光谱学(LP-DOAS)技术被开发测量夜间大气的硝酸盐基(没有3)集中。一个优化检索方法，导致小剩余结构和低察觉限制，被开发不检索3。时间序列没有3集中从2006年3月17日被收集，夜间一般水准在哪儿15.8ppt珍视，被观察。介入的因素和错误也被讨论。这些结果显示DOAS技术在夜间化学之上为没有3集中并且在它的效果的学习的数量化离子提供一个必要工具。

简介：AbstractBackground:Nalbuphine has been suggested to be used for post-cesarean section (CS) intravenous analgesia. However, ideal concentration of nalbuphine for such analgesia remains unclear. The present study was conducted to explore an ideal concentration of nalbuphine for post-CS intravenous analgesia by evaluating the analgesic effects and side-effects of three different concentrations of nalbuphine combined with hydromorphone for post-CS intravenous analgesia in healthy parturients.Methods:One-hundred-and-fourteen parturients undergoing elective CS were randomly allocated to one of three groups (38 subjects per group) according to an Excel-generated random number sheet to receive hydromorphone 0.05 mg/mL + nalbuphine 0.5 mg/mL (group LN), hydromorphone 0.05 mg/mL + nalbuphine 0.7 mg/mL (group MN), and hydromorphone 0.05 mg/mL + nalbuphine 0.9 mg/mL (group HN) using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump. Visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, PCA bolus demands, cumulative PCA dose, satisfaction score, Ramsay score, and side-effects such as urinary retention were recorded.Results:The number of PCA bolus demands and cumulative PCA dose during the first 48 h after CS were significantly higher in group LN (21 ± 16 bolus, 129 ± 25 mL) than those in group MN (15 ± 10 bolus, 120 ± 16 mL) (both P < 0.05) and group HN (13 ± 9 bolus, 117 ± 13 mL) (both P < 0.01), but no difference was found between group HN and group MN (both P > 0.05). VAS scores were significantly lower in group HN than those in group MN and group LN for uterine cramping pain at rest and after breast-feeding within 12 h after CS (all P < 0.01) and VAS scores were significantly higher in group LN than those in group MN and group HN when oxytocin was intravenously infused within 3 days after CS (all P < 0.05), whereas VAS scores were not statistically different among groups for incisional pain (all P > 0.05). Ramsay sedation scale score in group HN was significantly higher than that in group MN at 8 and 12 h after CS (all P < 0.01) and group LN at 4, 8, 12, 24 h after CS (all P < 0.05).Conclusions:Hydromorphone 0.05 mg/mL + nalbuphine 0.7 mg/mL for intravenous PCA could effectively improve the incisional pain and uterine cramping pain management and improve comfort in patients after CS.Trial registration number:ChiCTR1800015014, http://www.chictr.org.cn/Chinese Clinical Trial Registry.

简介：Tropospheric臭氧集中，是一种重要空气污染物质，被人工智能结构的使用建模。在伊斯坦布尔的城市里从空气污染测量车站获得的数据在组成模型被利用。为用遗传上训练的多水平的臭氧集中的评估的一个监督算法细胞的神经网络(ML-CNN)被介绍，开发，并且适用于真实数据。一个基因算法在CNN模板的优化被使用。模型结果和实际测量结果被比较并且统计上评估了。在臭氧集中的季节的变化被multilevel-CNN模型结构估计的集中有效地反映，这被观察，与0.57的关联价值查明了在之间实际并且模型结果。为技术建模的multilevel-CNN象在在空气污染应用程序在复杂媒介联系数据的另外的当模特儿的技术一样令人满意，这被显示出。

简介：FrequencydistributioncharacteristicsoftraceelementsFe,Mn,Zn,Cu.SrandBaarestudiedforthemarineorganismscollectedfromtypicalChinesecoastalwatersandcomparedwiththoseofmajorelementsCaandMg.Nearlyallthedistributionsfortraceelementsinmacroalgae,benthicmolluscs,crustaceans,cephalopodsanddifferenttissuesoffish(muscle,liverandbone)arefoundtoshowsomedegreeofpositiveskewness,indicatingarelativelylargenumberofmarineorganismswithlowconcentrationsforaparticularelementandonlyafeworganismswithdisproportionatelyhighconcentrations.Theirdistributiontypesaregenerallylogarithmicnormaldistributionornearlylogarithmicnormaldistribution.DistributionofCaissimilartothatoftraceelements,whileMgshowsnormaldistribution.Averageelementalconcentrationsofmajortypesoforganismsarecalculatedbasedontheirfrequencydistributions.

简介：为谷物矿物质元素的量的特点loci(QTL)的鉴定能通过帮助标记的繁殖在微量元素的更快、更精确的开发帮助稠密的米饭变化。在现在的学习，QTL在二BC2印射人口的F3源于O的十字。有O的二不同就职的sativacvSwarna。nivara。总共，10和8QTL为谷物Fe被识别，在人口1，和7和5QTL的Zn集中分别地在人口2被识别。在两张人口检测的百分之八十QTL从O被导出。nivara。为Fe的五QTL和为Zn的三QTL也在印射的间隔或合成间隔向超过15%phenotypic解释了变化。O的地点。nivara导出象qFe2.1，qFe3.1，qFe8.2和qZn12.1那样的QTL一致地在两个被识别人口。Epistatic相互作用在人口1在为Fe集中的染色体3上在染色体2上并且在RM22和RM7之间仅仅在RM106和RM6之间被观察。为金属动态平衡的十六候选人基因被发现在两个为Fe和Zn集中与10QTL驻扎在同一地点人口。大多数Fe和ZnQTL被发现为谷物产量和谷物质量特点与QTL驻扎在同一地点。一些识别的主要效果QTL能被用来改进米饭谷物Fe和Zn集中。

简介：KelanaJayaMunicipalParkisapopularrecreationparkinPetalingJaya.Thefivelakes,locatedwithinthePark,wereex-miningponds,functioningasfloodretentionpondsandreceivingeffluentsfromnearbyhumanactivitiesmainlyfromresidentsandtransportation.Astudywasconductedtodeterminethedistributionandsourcesofheavymetals(Cd,CuandZn)inthesedimentsofKelanaJayaLakes.ConcentrationsofCd,Cu,andZnforsurfacesedimentweredeterminedbyusingaqua-regiamethodandsequentialextractiontechnique.TotalCdconcentrationsrangedfrom0.48μg/gto2.68μg/gdryweight(dw)foralllakes.TotalCdconcentrationsinsedimentofalllakesexceededCCME(CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment,2001)guidelines.TotalCuconcentrationsrangedfrom7.37μg/gto73.6μg/g(dw).OnlyCuconcentrationinonelakeexceededtheCCMEguidelinesbesideshavingthehighestmeanconcentrationamongall.TotalZnconcentrationsrangedfrom107μg/gto529μg/g(dw).Again,TheZnconcentrationsinthreelakeswerefoundtoexceedCCMEguidelinesforZnconcentrationinfreshwatersediment.GeochemicalstudyonsedimentrevealedthatnonresistantfractionsforCd,CuandZnforotherlakesthereCuandZnindicatedthatlakesinthepark,especiallynearoxidationpondandmonsoondrains,couldhavereceivedanthropogenicmetalsfromdomesticwastes.RehabilitationprogramandregularbiomonitoringatKelanaJayaLakesarethereforerecommended.