简介:Akineticequationofnon-isothermalcrystamzationwasderivedbyextendingAvrami’sequationtothenon-isothermalsituation.Morecrystallizationinformationcanbeobtainedfromthiskineticequation.Thecurvesofnon-isothermalandisothermalcrystallizationswereanalysedandcomparedforpoly(ethyleneterephthalate)(PET),andtheresultswerediscussed.
简介:ThestructureofaggregationstateandisothermalcrystallizationbehaviorofNylon-1010havebeenstudiedbyWAXD,DSE,Variance-RangeFunctionanddensitymeasurement.TheresultsshowthatcrystallizationofNylon-1010hasthemostsuitableannealingtemperature,thecrystalsoftheNxlon-1010aretwo-dimensionheterogeneousnucleation.Bothlowtreatmenttemperatureandhighcrystallizationte,temperaturearedisadvantageousforNylon-1010crystalgrowth.
简介:Thenon-isothermalcrystallizationkineticsofpolyamide6/diamine-modifiedmulti-walledcarbonnanotube(PA6/D-MWNT)nanocompositewasinvestigatedbydifferentialscanningcalorimetry(DSC).ThemodifiedAvramiequation,theOzawaequationandthecombinedAvrami/Ozawaequationwereemployedtoanalyzethenon-isothermalcrystallizationdata.ThecrystallizationactivationenergieswerealsoevaluatedbytheKissingermethod.ItwasfoundthatthecombinedAvrami/Ozawaequationcouldsuccessfullydescribethenon-isothermalcrystallizationprocess.TheresultsshowedthatD-MWNTsnotonlyactedaseffectivehetero-geneousnucleatingagentsforPA6andnoticeablyincreasedthecrystallizationtemperatureofPA6,butalsoinfluencedthemechanismofnucleationandcrystalgrowthofPA6andthenreducedtheoverallcrystallizationrateoftheneatPA6matrix.ThecrystallizationactivationenergyforthenanocompositesamplewasgreaterthanthatoftheneatPA6,whichindicatedthattheadditionofD-MWNTshinderedthemobilityofPA6chainsegments.
简介:Investigationsonthepyrolysisandkineticbehaviorsduringpyrolysisoffossilfuelsamples,suchascoal,arefundamentalfordevelopingtherelatedtechnologyandpracticalapplication.Inthiswork,pyrolysisbehaviorandkineticsinthepyrolysisprocessofacoalsamplewereinvestigatedbythethermogravimetricanalyzerataheatingrateof10,40,70,100,200,and500°C/min,respectively.ThepyrolysisprocesscouldbedividedintofourstagesaccordingtotheTG/DTGcurves.Thefirststagewasmainlyattributedtotheremovalofvolatiles,andthesecondpeakwasthepolycondensationreactionbetweenthevolatilecomponents.Itwasfoundthatmorevolatilescouldbereleasedfromcoalduringpyrolysisathigherheatingrateandthehigherpyrolysistemperaturewasnecessaryforarapidpyrolysisprocess.Kineticanalysisrevealedthatboththemodel-free(KASandFWO)andtheCoats-Redfernmethodsweresuitabletodescribingthepyrolysisprocess,andthevariationofactivationenergy(E)withthetwotypesofkineticmodelswasconsistentduringthewholepyrolysisprocess.Furthermore,theheatingratedidnotalterthereactionsequenceofthewholepyrolysisprocess,buthigherheatingratecouldmaketheEvalueoftheinitialpyrolysisstagesmaller.
简介:A2m~3isothermalcloudchambermainlyforicenucleationresearchisdescribedinthispaper.Itsstructure,attachedinstrumentsandexperimentalproceduresarealsopresented.TheexperimentsofdeterminingtheicenucleieffectivenessfortheAgl-containingaerosolsproducedbythreeformulationshavebeenconductedandtheresultshavebeencomparedwiththoseoftheCSU960-literisothermalcloudchamber.Allexperimentalresultsshowthatthechamberhasadvantagesofstableperformanceandreproducibility.Itwouldbeexpectedtobecomeausefulexperimentalfacilityforicenucleationresearch.
简介:Vanadiumnitridewassynthesizedbyone-stepmethodusingV2O5andcarbonblackasrawmaterialsinnitrogenatmosphere.ThephasesofdifferentreactionproductspreparedindifferentreactiontemperatureswereanalyzedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),andthedynamicbehavioroftheprocessofsynthesizingvanadiumnitride(VN)byone-stepmethodwasstudiedwithnon-isothermalthermogravimetry.Themechanismfunctionandkineticparametersofreactionprocesswerecalculatedbythermalgravimetricanalyses(TGA),andthereactionrateequationwasestablished.TheXRDresultsshowthatforthesamplestestedwithminimalVNafterholdingfor4hat1273K,themainphaseofproductsisVNat1476K,whilesomevanadiumnitridestransformintovanadiumcarbidesagainover1573K.ItisfoundthatN2isbeneficialtostimulatereductionandproceedcarbonizationreaction,andthereductionandnitridationreactioncanoccursimultaneously.TheactivationenergyofpreparingVNbyone-stepmethodis104.005kJ·mol-1,andthefrequencyfactoris470.52at1280–1358K,and150.052kJ·mol-1and2.359104at1358–1426K,respectively.
简介:Thenon-isothermalleachingkineticsofprimarytitanium-richmaterialbymicrowaveheatingwasinvestigated,andthetemperature-pressurecurvesofleachingsystemandmicrowaveabsorptioncharacteristicsofmixturesolutionsbeforeandafterleachingweremeasured.Theresearchofnon-isothermalkineticswasevaluatedbytheleachingrateofFeandthetotalapparentvelocityequationofthenon-isothermalkineticsofleachingforprimarytitanium-richmaterialbymicrowaveheatingwasobtained.Itisshownfromthetemperature-pressurecurvesthatthehightemperatureandhighpressureofclosedleachingsystemarefavorabletotheenhancementoftheleachingrateofFe.Microwaveabsorptioncharacteristicsofmixturesolutionsbeforeandafterleachingshowthatthereareabruptchangesofmicrowaveabsorptioncharacteristicsfor15%HClsolutionandthemixturesolutionafterleachingby20%HCl.
简介:Mg-12Gd-2Er-1Zn-0.6Zr(wt%)合金的机械性质上的homogenization和等温的老化处理的效果被调查。猛抛的长时期的叠顺序(LPSO)结构和调节合金的变老的降水顺序分别地被观察并且分析。结果显示14H-LPSO结构在等温的老化过程以后发生在homogenization处理和阶段形式以后。这二个独立过程能被降水温度范围控制。在homogenization处理以后的当演员组合金的延伸的重要增加被归因于粗糙的主要Mg5(Gd,的消失嗯,Zn)阶段和14H-LPSO结构的存在。调查合金的降水顺序是-Mg(SSS)/(D019)/(cbco)/。而且,张力的力量(YTS)和最终的张力的力量(UTS)等温的老化合金珍视的收益有大改进,它能被归因于猛抛的阶段的高密度。图形的AbstractWith延长的变老的时间,阶段在合金被猛抛。14H-LPSO结构和阶段在498K为84h在老化以后在合金共存。14H-LPSO的层结构显然被观察[11\(\overline{2}\)0]Mg方向,它在高分辨率的传播电子显微镜学(HRTEM)被显示出图象。14H类型结构与c的一个时期显示一份叠的订单?=?3.67?nm,它不在等温的老化过程期间变化。
简介:TheCu/Sn-3.OAg-0.5Cu/Cubuttingsolderjointswerefabricatedtoinvestigatetheevolutionoftheinterfacialintermetalliccompound(IMC)andthedegradationofthetensilestrengthofsolderjointsundertheeffectofelectromigration(EM)andagingprocesses.Scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)resultsindicatedthattheCu_6Sn_5interfacialIMCpresentedobviousasymmetricalgrowthwiththeincreaseofEMtimeundercurrentdensityof1.78×10~4A/cm~2at100℃,andthegrowthofanodicIMCpresentedaparabolicrelationshipwithtimewhilethecathodicIMCgotthinnergradually.However,asforagingsamplesat100℃withoutcurrentstressing,theCu_6Sn_5IMCpresentedasymmetricalgrowthwithaslowerratethantheanodicIMCofEMsamples.Thetensileresultsindicatedthatthetensilestrengthofthesolderjointsundercurrentstressdeclinedmoredrasticwithtimethantheagingsamples,andthefracturemodetransformedfromductilefracturetobrittlefracturequicklywhilethefracturemodeofagingsamplestransformedfromcup-coneshapedfracturetomicroporousgatheringfractureinaslowway.