简介：AbstractObjective:Pemphigus is a life threatening autoimmune bullous disease which involves the skin and mucous membranes of the stratified squamous epithelium. The global distribution of Pemphigus varies according to genetic, ethnic, socioeconomic, and cultural backgrounds. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the epidemiological features of pemphigus a single center in Morocco and compare our results with those reported elsewhere.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of 302 pemphigus patients seen between 1990 and 2020 in the Dermatology Department of Ibn Sina Hospital (Rabat, Morocco). We further collected all the Moroccan scientific researches published by now to compare.Results:The average annual incidence was 0.32/100,000 inhabitants. The incidence doubled to 0.72 in 2020. The most common variant was pemphigus vulgaris (125 cases) followed by pemphigus erythematosus (99 cases), pemphigus foliaceous (40 cases), and vegetans (27 cases). The female to male ratio was 0.75, the average age at onset was 53 years old and the mean duration of the disease before diagnosis was 13.36 months.Conclusion:This study joins the main characteristics of pemphigus in the Maghreb and around the world (pemphigus vulgaris most frequent subtype). In 2020, an epidemiological peak occurred during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic; probably related to stress and delayed time consultation for fear of contracting the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

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简介：AbstractPemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a life-threatening autoimmune bullous disease that causes blisters and erosions on the skin and mucous membranes to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of PV, Chinese experts in this field were invited to make recommendations which are presented in this article. Pemphigus vulgaris can be divided into cutaneous mucous type, cutaneous type and mucous mucous dominant type according to the different clinical manifestations. The pathological manifestations of PV are acantholysis above the basal layer. The diagnosis of PV and the assessment of the severity of the disease are made in accordance with the clinical manifestations, histopathological features, immunofluorescence assay results, and detection of pathogenic serum antibodies. The first-line treatment of PV comprises systemic glucocorticoids. Early combination with immunosuppressive agents or rituximab is recommended for moderate and severe PV. Intravenous immunoglobulin administration is recommended for patients being treated with rituximab. Plasma exchange and stem cell transplantation can be performed if necessary. During the course of therapy, the disease activity should be closely monitored, and actions should be taken to prevent adverse reactions.

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简介：蚜虫怀有主要endosymbionts，Buchneraaphidicola，在在他们的身体洞以内的专业化房间。蚜虫和Buchnera在营养交换有严格的mutualistic关系。这个古老的协会从对endosymbiotic进化感兴趣的研究人员收到了许多注意。以前的研究在更低的分类层次发现了平行在非侮辱的蚜虫和Buchnera之间的种系发生的关系(类，种)。为了理解是否相对孤立象胆量那样的产地，有在蚜虫和Buchnera之间的平行关系上的效果，现在的纸从天疱疮和联盟的类调查了胆量蚜虫的种系发生的关系，它在Populusspp上导致伪胆量或胆量。(白杨)并且Buchnera。从三蚜虫基因(COI，COII和EF-1α)和二Buchnera基因推断的分子的发展史(接地，16SrRNA基因)在在通用以及种间的层次的蚜虫和Buchnera之间的显示的重要一致。有趣地，蚜虫和Buchnera发展史支持了相应于蚜虫的侮辱的地点的三主要clades，也就是，叶，叶片和叶柄的关节，和主人的分支种。结果建议胆量字符的种系发生的保守主义，它显示胆量字符被蚜虫发展史更强烈影响，而非招待植物。