简介：ExtendedalgorithmhasbeendevelopedforablationratecalculationsofLi,Be,BimpuritypelletsandfivecombinationsofsolidisotopichydrogenicH2,HD,D2,DT,T2pellets.Numericalcalculationshavebeenperformedforreactorrelevantplasma.

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简介：ＳｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃｓａｂｏｕｔＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＰｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＲｅｌｅｖａｎｔＩｓｕｅｓＰｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎＧｒｏｗｔｈｕｎｄｅｒＥｆｅｃｔｉｖｅＣｏｎｔｒｏｌＳｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃｓｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｐｕｂｌｉｃｓｅｃｕｒｉｔｙｂｕｒｅａｕｉｎｄｉ...

简介：ＯＢＳＥＲＶＡＴＩＯＮＦＯＲＴＯＧＡ－ＣＯＡＲＥＡＮＤＲＥＬＥＶＡＮＴＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨＬｉＪｉ（李骥），ＬｕＥｒ（陆尔）ａｎｄＤｉｎｇＹｉｈｕｉ（丁一汇）ＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＣｌｉｍａｔｉｃＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩ．ＲＥＰＯＲＴＯＮＴＯＧＡＯＢＳＥＲＶＡＴＩ...

简介：一个空点指能在社会相互作用的记录被发现的一个空hard-to-fill空格，并且是在内在的社会网络的人的线索不出现在记录。这贡献处理一个问题在社会相互作用预言相关的空点。同类、不同类的网络作为位于社会相互作用下面的一个模型被学习。一个启发式的预言者功能方法表现为一个新方法处理这个问题。模拟实验在一个同类的网络上被表明。在市场篮子形式的一个测试数据集合从模仿的通讯被产生。预言空点的精确被计算表明介绍方法的表演。

简介：Nine5-aryl-2-methyloxazolederivativesweresynthesizedviagold-catalyzedalkyneoxidation.AllofthecompoundshavebeenscreenedfortheirantiproliferativeactivitiesagainstMCF-7cell(humanbreastcarcinoma),A549cell(humanlungcarcinoma)andHelacell(humancervicalcarcinoma)linesinvitro.Theresultsrevealedthatcompounds1b,1cand1dexhibitedstronginhibitoryactivitiesagainsttheMCF-7celllines(withIC50valuesof4.6,9.7and2.2mmol/L,respectively).

简介：Asafundamentalright,therighttoadequatefoodentitleseveryonetolivewithdignitybyhavingaccesstoadequatefoodthatissafeandnutritiousHowever,thecurrentfoodsystemfeaturesunequalfoodproductionanddistributionToremedythissituation,certainconceptshavebeenproposedtorealizetherighttoadequatefood,includingfoodsecurity,foodsafety,foodsovereignty,fooddemocracyandfoodexceptionThispaperanalysestheseconceptsfromtheperspectiveoftherighttoadequatefoodandhowtheycanbeincorporatedintolegislationtohelprealizeandprotectthisright

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简介：AbstractPurpose:Various organizations and institutions are involved in road traffic injury (RTI) and crash registration such as police, forensic medicine organization, hospitals and emergency medical services. But there is a substantial uncertainty in interpreting the data, duplicated data collection and missing data in relation to RTI in most systems. This study aims to identify data sources for RTI surveillance in Iran and to explore traffic safety data source domains, data elements and detailed information by each data source.Methods:This is a qualitative study which was conducted in 2017 in Iran. Data were collected employing semi-structured interviews with informants in road safety organizations in relation to traffic safety including Police, Ministry of Health and Medical Education as well as Forensic Medicine Organization and other authorities-in-charge. For completing the preliminary extraction information, the minimum data set was used and compared in each system.Results:Eight different organizations relevant to road traffic safety were identified. The main domain of data provided by each one consists of Emergency Medical System form, Police KAM114 form, Ministry of Transport and Road Administration, Red Crescent Organization/Disaster Management Information System, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Forensic Medicine Organization, Insurance Company and Ministry of Justice. Each system has its own database, based upon its scope and mainly at crash and post-crash status and little on pre-crash circumstance.Conclusion:All current registry systems are not surveillance systems for RTI prevention. Huge data have been collected in various registry systems in Iran, but most of the collected variables are duplicated in each system. On the other hand, some variables like alcohol and substance abuse, child seat belt, helmet use in relation to RTI prevention are missed in all systems. Accordingly, it is a critical need to integrate and establish a comprehensive surveillance system, with focus on the goal of each system and collection of minimum data in each organization, which currently is underway.

简介：Directphotontochemicalenergyconversionusingsemiconductor–electrocatalyst–electrolyteinterfaceshasbeenextensivelyinvestigatedformorethanahalfcentury.Manystudieshavefocusedonscreeningmaterialsforefficientphotocatalysis.Photocatalyticefficiencyhasbeenimprovedduringthisperiodbutisnotsufficientforindustrialcommercialization.Detailedelucidationonthephotocatalyticwatersplittingprocessleadstoconsecutivesixreactionstepswiththefundamentalparametersinvolved:Thephotocatalysisisinitiatedinvolvingphotophysicsderivedfromvarioussemiconductorproperties(1:photonabsorption,2:excitonseparation).Thegeneratedchargecarriersneedtobetransferredtosurfaceseffectivelyutilizingtheinterfaces(3:carrierdiffusion,4:carriertransport).Consequently,electrocatalysisfinishestheprocessbyproducingproductsonthesurface(5:catalyticefficiency,6:masstransferofreactantsandproducts).Successfulphotocatalyticwatersplittingrequirestheenhancementofefficiencyateachstage.Mostcritically,afundamentalunderstandingoftheinterfacialphenomenaishighlydesiredforestablishing'photocatalysisbydesign'concepts,wherethekineticbottleneckwithinaprocessisidentifiedbyfurtherimprovingthespecificpropertiesofphotocatalyticmaterialsasopposedtoblindmaterialscreening.Theoreticalmodelingusingtheidentifiedquantitativeparameterscaneffectivelypredictthetheoreticallyattainablephoton-conversionyields.Thisarticleprovidesanoverviewofthestate-of-the-arttheoreticalunderstandingofinterfacialproblemsmainlydevelopedinourlaboratory.Photocatalyticwatersplitting(especiallyhydrogenevolutiononmetalsurfaces)wasselectedasatopic,andthephotophysicalandelectrochemicalprocessesthatoccuratsemiconductor–metal,semiconductor–electrolyteandmetal–electrolyteinterfacesarediscussed.

简介：客观:准备nanophase人工的骨头合成支架基于bionics，进满足在骨胶原和无机的部分以及黏合的代理人的不同分子的重量之间的比率怎么不同的理论，和探查影响支架的微观结构和性质。方法：在象内容比率和环境，然后nanophasecollagen/calcic的pH价值那样的某些反应条件下面在一起沉淀期间带钙的无机的分子到deposite到自我装配的骨胶原模板上盐被获得。以便改进机械性质，有性质和可控制的可被细菌破坏的活动被选择为黏合的代理人的稳定的平等者的poly乳的酸(PLLA)，然后瞄准人工的骨头支架(nanophasecollagen/calcicsalt/PLLA合成)被完成。在有isoproanol酒精的准备液体排水量方法以后，扫描电子显微镜(SEM)，传播电子显微镜(TEM)，fourier变换红外线的spectrometry(FTIR)，机械测试系统被执行到测试孔和密度，形态学，符合构造，作文和机械性质，respectively.Results:合成支架主要是的人工的综合骨头部分与B类型碳酸盐代替的骨胶原和钙磷酸盐创作了。crystallinity是低的，并且水晶尺寸到达类似于自然骨头的纳米。有效地使用的PLLA改进能在cancellous标准的地板水平到达的机械性质，并且与80%的高孔开发three-dimensional-porous结构。根据比较，在象黏合的PLLA的增加一样的骨胶原和钙的无机的盐之间的内容比率都在综合支架的微观结构上有效果，这能被看见，PLLA的另外分子的重量在机械properties.Conclusion上有效果:nanophase人工的骨头合成支架由biomimetic综合了进程是最答应为临床的申请的最佳的材料不管怎么从结构，作文和pr判定了之一

简介：原子的电的偶极子polarizabilities在许多不同物理应用是很重要的，例如精确原子频率标准。这些性质的计算很重要、挑战性。我们建议计算策略由使用电子关联能足够地被考虑的一套高质量的轨道的底变化地与高精确计算频率依赖者偶极子polarizabilities。Na的扎根的状态的静态的polarizabilities被如此的一个方法精确地计算并且能直接与精确实验测量相比。计算结果在对在大约0.1%以内的可得到的试验性的大小的优秀同意，它表明我们的策略的有效性。我们的计算策略有一个宽用法，不是仅仅在polarizibilies，而且在象散布的电子原子的理论处理那样的另外的地里处理。用一样的轨道的底，我们执行Na的精确计算[?]亲密关系。我们的计算亲密关系在对在0.1%以内的精确激光光谱学大小的优秀同意。[从作者抽象]

简介：AbstractObjective:To determine anatomic relationships and variation of the round window membrane to bony surgical landmarks on computed tomography.Study design:Retrospective imaging review.Methods:100 temporal bone images were evaluated. Direct measurements were obtained for membrane position. Vector distances and angulation from umbo and bony annulus were calculated from image viewer software coordinates.Results:The angle of round window membrane at junction with cochlear basal turn was (42.1 ± 8.6)°. The membrane’s position relative to plane of the facial nerve through facial recess was (14.7 ± 5.2)° posterior from a reference line drawn through facial recess to carotid canal. Regarding transtympanic drug delivery, the round window membrane was directed 4.1 mm superiorly from the inferior annulus and 5.4 mm anteriorly from the posterior annulus. The round window membrane on average was angled superiorly from the inferior annulus (77.1 ± 27.9)° and slightly anteriorly from the posterior annulus (19.1 ± 11.1°). The mean distance of round window membrane from umbo was 4 mm and posteriorly rotated 30° clockwise from a perpendicular drawn from umbo to inferior annulus towards posterior annulus. Together, these measurements approximate the round window membrane in the tympanic membrane’s posteroinferior quadrant.Conclusions:These radiologic measurements demonstrate normal variations seen in round window anatomy relative to facial recess approach and bony tympanic annulus, providing a baseline to assess round window insertion for cochlear implantation and outlines anatomic factors affecting transtympanic drug delivery.

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简介：Theco-existenceoftheRamanandBrillouinbackscatteringinstabilityisanimportantissueforinertialconfinementfusion.Thepresentpaperpresentsextensiveone-dimensional（1D）particle-in-cell（PIC）simulationsforawiderangeofparametersextendingandcomplementingpreviousfindings.PICsimulationsshowthatthescenarioofreflectivityevolutionandsaturationisverysensitivetothetemperatures,intensities,sizeofplasmaandboundaryconditionsemployed.TheLangmuirdecayinstabilityisobservedforrathersmallkepwλDbuthasnoinfluenceonthesaturationofBrillouinbackscattering,althoughthereisaclearcorrelationofLangmuirdecayinstabilitymodesandion-fractionaldecayforcertainparameterranges.Ramanbackscatteringappearsatanyintensityandtemperaturebutisonlyatransientphenomenon.InseveralconfigurationsforwardaswellasbackwardRamanscatteringisobserved.Fortheintensitiesconsidered,Iλo2above1015Wμm2/cm2,Ramanisalwaysofburstynature.Aparticularsetupallowsthesimulationofmulti-speckleaspectsinwhichcaseitisfoundthatRamanisself-limitingduetostrongmodificationsofthedistributionfunction.KineticeffectsareofprimeimportanceforRamanbackscatteringathightemperatures.NouniquescenarioforthesaturationofRamanscatteringorRaman–Brillouincompetitiondoesexist.ThemaineffectintheconsideredparameterrangeispumpdepletionbecauseoflargeBrillouinbackscattering.However,inthelowkepwλDregimethepresenceofion-acousticwavesduetotheLangmuirdecayinstabilityfromtheRamancreatedelectronplasmawavescanseedtheion-fractionaldecayandaffecttheBrillouinsaturation.

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简介：在哪儿在核物理学研究触发了一个新时代，在铁以外的重元素什么时候，并且怎么充实我们的宇宙的待研究的问题。所有相关核物理学输入，很充满中子的核种的团是为在铁以外揭示重元素的起源的关键数量。尽管这个性质的精确决心是大挑战，庞大的进步在最近的十年被取得了，并且它显著地作出贡献到原子结构和天体物理学的nucleosynthesis研究。在这评论，我们首先调查我们原子集体表面的现在的知识，强调在r过程计算的原子集体精确的重要性。我们然后与一些选择例子在原子集体测量的各种各样的方法讨论最近的进步。为每个方法，我们集中于最近的突破并且讨论改进称r过程核种的可能的方法。

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