简介：Thegrowth,biochemicalcontentandbioaccumulationquantityof2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenylether(BDE-47)inSkeletonemacostatumwerestudiedunderdifferentN:Pratios(1,4,16,64and128).AllcellularbiochemicalcontentsofS.costatumpresenteddecreasingtrendovercultivationtime.Atearlystageofcultivation,thecellularprotein,carbohydrateandlipidinS.costatumpresentedhighervaluesintreatmentsofN:P=4and16.However,theywerelowerinthesetreatmentsatthelatestage,buthigherintreatmentsN:P=1and128.Similarly,BDE-47levelspercellofS.costatumwerehigherintreatmentsofN:P=4and16atearlystageofcultivation,whichwere3.8and3.7ng(106cells)-1,respectively.Atthemiddlestageofcultivation,theBDE-47levelperS.costatumcelllowered;anditfurtherreducedinthetreatmentsofN:P=4and16atthelatestagewiththevalues0.6and0.5ng(106cells)-1,respectively.However,itroseinN:P=128,reachingupto2.3ng(106cells)-1.ComparedwithBDE-47percell,BDE-47peralgalvolumeunderdifferentN:Pratiosdidnotpresentobviousdifference.ThequantityBDE-47accumulatedpercellofS.costatumwaspositivelycorrelatedwithprotein,carbohydrateandlipidpercell;meanwhile,theBDE-47pervolumehadapositivecorrelationwithbiochemicalcontentpervolume.ThevariationofbioaccumulationabilityofBDE-47inS.costatumcanbeexplainedbybiochemicalchangesduetoN:Pratios.

简介：Airtemperatureisakeyindexreflectingclimatechange.Airtemperatureextremesareveryimportantbecausetheystronglyinfluencethenaturalenvironmentandsocietalactivities.TheArcticairtemperatureextremesnorthof60°Nareinvestigatedinthewinter.Dailydatafrom238stationsatnorthof60°Nfromtheglobalsummaryofthedayfortheperiod1979–2015areusedtostudythetrendsofcolddays,coldnights,warmdaysandwarmnightsduringthewintertime.Theresultsshowadecreasingtrendofcolddaysandnights(rateof–0.2to–0.3d/a)andanincreasingtrendofwarmdaysandnights(rateof+0.2to+0.3d/a)intheArctic.Themeantemperatureincreases,whichcontributestotheincreasing(decreasing)occurrenceofwarm(cold)daysandnights.Ontheotherhand,thevarianceatmoststationsdecreased,leadingtoareducednumberofcoldevents.ApositiveAO(ArcticOscillation)indexleadstoanincreased(decreased)numberofwarm(cold)daysandnightsovernorthernEuropeandwesternRussiaandanincreased(decreased)numberofcold(warm)daysandnightsovertheBeringStraitandGreenland.ThelowerextentofArcticautumnseaiceleadstoadecreasednumberofcolddaysandnights.TheoccurrencesofabruptchangesaredetectedusingtheMann-KendallmethodforcoldnightsoccurringinCanadain1998andforwarmnightsoccurringinnorthwesternEurasiain1988.ThisabruptchangemainlyresultedfromthemeanwarminginducedbysouthwindsandanincreasedNorthAtlanticseasurfacetemperature.

简介：微粒样品在一个洪水时期期间从Changjiang河系是镇定的，在1997年5月，并且与粒子联系的停靠港，稳定同位素和类脂化合物被检验。结果显示出减少(0。84%～1.88%)到河口的从上面的活动范围的器官的碳内容。器官的碳在-24的范围的微粒的δ~(13)C价值。9X10~(-3)到-26。6x10~(接近了大陆人C_3vegetation的同位素的签名的-3),。全部的微粒n链烷集中从1.4～10变化了。1μg/dm~3，或from23.7到全部的浮游物的107μg/g。丰满的酸在所有样品是在场的，从1.4to5.4μg/dm~3，与浸透并且在碳数字的不饱和的直链、分叉的混合物从C_(12)到C_(30)。δ~(13)C和到氮内容的碳内容的比率在粒子之中显示陆上的输入(土壤有机物)的优势。简历标记途径被用来在微粒样品识别源自陆地、本土的部分的相对部分。丰满的酸的分发在大多数粒子样品作为triking建议phytoplanktonic和微生物引起的信号。陆上的链烷被用来沿着主流估计陆上的输入的贡献。

简介：β-N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶与南美白对虾的食物消化吸收、蜕壳生长有着密切关系.海水里存在的有机污染物将影响酶生理功能,从而进一步影响虾的正常蜕壳,严重将导致对虾的死亡.甲醛是常用的有机溶剂,故本文应用动力学方法研究了南美白对虾β-N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖营酶在甲醛溶液中以pNP-NAG为底物时酶活力的变化规律.表明酶在甲醛浓度低于2.0mol·L-1,酶的失活过程是可逆的,测得甲醛对酶抑制的IC50为1.05mol·L^-1.用双倒数作图法测定甲醛对酶的抑制类型,结果显示甲醛是酶的竞争性抑制剂,甲醛只能与游离酶（E）结合,底物对酶的失活具有保护作用.用底物反应动力学方法观测在不同底物浓度下酶在0.0、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0mol·L^-1的醋酸酐溶液中的失活过程,分别测定了酶的微观失活速度常数k＋0及复活速度常数k-0并加以比较,结果表明甲醛对酶的影响是缓慢结合同时导致失活的过程,比较微观失活速度常数k＋0及复活速度常数k-0,结果暗示在高浓度的甲醛溶液中,酶将完全失活.

简介：β-N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶与南美白对虾的食物消化吸收、蜕壳生长有着密切关系。海水里存在的有机污染物将影响酶生理功能,从而进一步影响虾的正常蜕壳,严重将导致对虾的死亡。甲醛是常用的有机溶剂,故本文应用动力学方法研究了南美白对虾β-N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶在甲醛溶液中以pNP-NAG为底物时酶活力的变化规律。表明酶在甲醛浓度低于2.0mol?L-1,酶的失活过程是可逆的,测得甲醛对酶抑制的IC50为1.05mol?L-1。用双倒数作图法测定甲醛对酶的抑制类型,结果显示甲醛是酶的竞争性抑制剂,甲醛只能与游离酶(E)结合,底物对酶的失活具有保护作用。用底物反应动力学方法观测在不同底物浓度下酶在0.0、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0mol?L-1的醋酸酐溶液中的失活过程,分别测定了酶的微观失活速度常数k+0及复活速度常数k-0并加以比较,结果表明甲醛对酶的影响是缓慢结合同时导致失活的过程,比较微观失活速度常数k+0及复活速度常数k-0,结果暗示在高浓度的甲醛溶液中,酶将完全失活。

简介：在这份报纸，一个数字模型被建立。一个修改N-S方程为波浪地和多孔的流动区域被用作一个控制方程。控制方程是discreted并且由有限差别方法解决。免费表面被VOF方法追踪。整个流动区域的压力地和速度地被反覆的重复方法解决。与波浪斜槽的物理模型测试结果相比，最后，数字模型在礼品证实学习被验证。

简介：InastudyofmeiofaunapolychaetefromtheHuanghaiSea,apreviouslyundescribedspeciesbelongingtoHesionurahasbeenfoundanddescribed.ThenewspeciesdiffersfromtheotherspeciesofthegenusHesinuramainlybythechaetation.

简介：进行调查的舌鳎渗透调节是一个系列的盐分转移处理（半滑舌鳎）。幼年的舌头的唯一的直接从盐度30至0，10，20，30，40和50。采血是每形成各治疗后0，1，6和12，以及1，2，4，8，16和32d后，血浆渗透压，皮质醇和游离氨基酸进行了评估。在实验条件下，无鱼死亡后，急性盐度转移。血浆皮质醇水平增加1小时后，突然转移从盐度为0，30，40和50，和下降6小时至8天之后，转移。类似的趋势在血浆渗透压的变化。血浆游离氨基酸浓度均被转移到不同的盐度为4天之后的一个“U”形关系与盐度。血浆游离氨基酸浓度的变化比较明显发生高渗条件下比低渗条件下。缬氨酸，异亮氨酸，赖氨酸，谷氨酸，甘氨酸的含量，脯氨酸和牛磺酸的增加而上升的盐度。血浆苏氨酸，亮氨酸，精氨酸，丝氨酸和丙氨酸水平，显示a＇u-shaped＇与盐度。这项研究的结果表明，游离氨基酸可能有重要的影响，在舌头上的渗透调节。

简介：空间数据的多尺度表达问题是GIS领域研究的重点和难点问题之一.以数字水深模型（DDM）为研究对象,从DDM的几何形态角度出发,通过挖掘水深点之间的空间几何关系,构建了基于不完全四叉树的DDM多尺度表达模型.实验证明,该模型在符合DDM多尺度表达基本原则的前提下,能较好地保持DDM的基本地形特征,同时具有较高的计算效率.

简介：TiO2filmswereformedonmetallictitaniumsubstratesbytheanodicoxidationmethodinH2SO4solutionunderthe80VD.C..PhasecomponentandmicrostructurewerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD)andscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM).Watercontactanglesontitaniumoxidefilmsurfaceweremeasuredunderbothdarkandsunlightilluminationconditions.Corrosiontestswerecarriedoutinseawaterunderdifferentilluminationconditionsbyelectrochemistryimpedancespectrum(EIS)andpolarizationcurves.TheresultshowedthattheTiO2filmpreparedbytheanodicoxidationmethodwasanatasewithauniformstructureandwithoutobviousporesorcracksonitssurface.Theaveragewatercontactangleofthefilmwas116.4?indark,incontrasttoanangleof42.7?undertheUVilluminationfor2hours,whichdemonstratesgoodhydrophobicproperty.Theanti-corrosionbehavioroftheTiO2filmwasdecliningwiththeextendedimmersiontime.Underdarkconditions,however,thehydrophobicTiO2filmretardedthewaterinfiltratingintothesubstrate.Theimpedancechangedslowlyandthecorrosioncurrentdensitywas2ordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatwiththefilmilluminatedbysunlight.AllofthosementionedaboveindicatethattheTiO2filmpossessesmuchbetterperformanceunderdarkcondition,anditcanbeappliedasanengineeringmaterialunderdarkseawaterenvironment.

简介：为弥补测高数据在近海区域因为编辑准则被剔除而导致近海测量数据质量不高的缺点,利用5参数模型的两种形式和Ice-2模型对Jason-2卫星在中国南海部分海域的海洋回波波形进行了波形重跟踪的研究,并选择20个海洋回波波形,依据最小二乘原理进行计算、分析、对比,发现5参数模型的指数形式的结果和Ice-2模型结果非常接近.研究结果表明,在开阔的海域,对Jason-2波形进行3种方法波形重跟踪时,可以优先考虑Ice-2模型.波形重跟踪技术能够提高卫星测高数据利用率,为科学研究提供可靠的数据保障.

简介：CarboncycleisconnectedwiththemostimportantenvironmentalissueofGlobalChange.Asoneofthemajorcarbonreservoirs,oceansplayanimportantpartinthecarboncycle.Inrecentyears,ironseemstogiveusagoodnewsthatoceanicironfertilizationcouldstimulatebiologicalproduc-tivityasCO2sinkofhuman-producedCO2.Oceanicironfertilizationexperimentshaveverifiedthataddingironintohighnutrientlowchlorophyll(HNLC)seawaterscanincreasephytoplanktonproductionandexportorganiccarbon,andhenceincreasecarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2,toreduceglobalwarming.Insixtydays,theexportorganiccarboncouldreach10000timesforaddingironbymodelpredictionandinsituexperiment,I.e.TheatmosphericCO2uptakeandinorganiccarbondrawdowninupperseawatersalsohavethesamemagnitude.Therefore,oceanicironfertilizationisoneofthestrate-giesforincreasingcarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2.Thepaperisfocusedontheironfertilization,es-peciallyinsituoceanironexperimentsinorderthatthefutureresearchismoreefficient.

简介：Astochastictwo-dimensionalFornasini-Marchesini'sModelⅡ(2-DFMMⅡ)withmultiplicativenoiseisgiven,andafilteringalgorithmforthismodel,whichisoptimalinthesenseoflinearminimum-variance,isdeveloped.Thestochastic2-DFMMⅡwithmultiplicativenoisecanbereducedtoa1-Dmodel,andtheproposedoptimalfilteringalgorithmforthestochastic2-DFMMⅡwithmultiplicativenoiseisobtainedbyusingthestateestimationtheoryof1-Dsystems.Anexampleisgiventoillustratethevalidityofthisalgorithm.

简介：Thispaperpresentsthedetaildesignconditions,designcriteriaandmethodsaswellasdesignconclusionsoftheprocess,structureandcorrosionoftheproductionflowlinesandhighpressurewaterinjectionlinesinBZ34-2/4oilfieldinBohaiBay.AtpresentthisdesignrepresentsthedesigncapabilityandlevelinthefieldofthesubmarinepipelineengineeringofChina.

简介：Inthisstudy,thecombinedactionsofwavesandtidalcurrentsinestuarineandcoastalareasareconsideredanda2Dmathematicalmodelforsedimenttransportbywavesandtidalcurrentshasbeenestablishedinorthogonalcurvilinearcoordinates.Non-equilibriumtransportequationsofsuspendedloadandbedloadareusedinthemodel.Theconceptofbackgroundconcentrationisintroduced,andtheformulaofsedimenttransportcapacityoftidalcurrentsfortheOujiangRiverestuaryisobtained.TheDouGuorenformulaisemployedforthesedimenttransportcapacityofwaves.SedimenttransportcapacityintheformofmudandtheintensityofbacksiltingarecalculatedbyuseofLuoZaosen'sformula.Thecalculatedtidalstagesareingoodagreementwiththefielddata,andthecalculatedvelocitiesandflowdirectionsof46verticallinesfor8crosssectionsarealsoingoodagreementwiththemeasureddata.Onsuchabasis,simulationsofbacksiltingafterexcavationofthewaterwaywithasandbarundercomplicatedboundaryconditionsinthenavigationchannelinducedbysuspendedload,bedloadandmudbywavesandtidalcurrentsarediscussed.

简介：一个方便、有效的过程被tosylation和硅石胶化在这研究支持的随后的β-消除为酒精的变换开发到石蜡。有在在0℃的pyridine的p-toluenesulfonyl氯化物的白酒的处理负担得起在房间温度在dichloromethane或氯仿与硅石胶化经历β-消除的tosylates，产出有高生产率的石蜡。

简介：TheDiverGasRecoverySystem(DGRS)isanimportantaccessoryequipmentofthe300mSaturationDiveSystem.Thesystemfacilitatestherecyclingofthebreathinggasesfordivers,therefore,ithasgreateconomicbenefits.InApril1995,a300munmannedtestanda100mmannedtestontheHY2031DGRSwerecarriedoutsuccessively.Tenmonthslater,anothermannedtestontheHY2032DGRS

简介：AninvivofluorescencediscriminationtechniqueforphytoplanktonpopulationwasdevelopedbyusingWaveletpackettransform,clusteranalysisandnon-negativeleastsquares.Thetechniquewasusedtoanalyzewatersamplesfromdifferentsearegions.Forsimulativemixtures,whendominantspeciesaccountfor60%,70%,80%,90%atthedivisionlevel,thecorrectdiscriminationratios(CDRs)are83.0%,99.1%,99.7%and99.9%withtherelativecontentsof58.5%,68.4%,77.7%and86.3%,respectively;whenthealgaedominanceare60%,70%,80%,90%,100%atthegenuslevel,theCDRsare86.1%,94.9%,95.2%,96.8%and96.7%,respectively.Forlaboratorymixtures,theCDRsare88.1%and78.4%atthedivisionandgenuslevel,respectively.Forfieldsamples,theCDRswere91.7%and80%atthedivisionandgenuslevel,respectively(mesocosmexperiments),andtheCDRswere100%and66.7%atthedivisionandgenuslevel,respectively(JiaozhouBay).ThefluorometrictechniquewasusedtoestimatethephytoplanktoncommunitycompositionandrelativeabundanceofdifferentclassesfortheApril2010cruiseintheYellowSeawiththeresultsagreeingwiththoseinpublishedpapersbyotherauthors.

简介：Inthispaper,thefocusedwavegroupswithdifferentparametersandtheiractionsonaverticalcylinderareexperimentallystudied.Theharmonicwavecharacteristicsofthefocusingwavesareanalyzedbytheadditionandsubtractionofthecrestandtroughfocusingwaves.Theanalyzedresultsshowthathigherorderharmonicscanbegeneratedbecauseoftheinteractionofcomponentwaves.Nonlinearityincreaseswiththeinputtedwaveamplitudeandthefrequencywidthincrement.Further,thewaverun-uparoundtheverticalcircularcylinderisexperimentallystudied.Itincreaseswiththewavesteepnessandtherelativecylinderdiameterincrease.However,thevariationsofwaverun-uparoundthecircularcylinderaredifferent.Theresearchesprovideareferenceforfurthernumericalstudies.

简介：TostudytheTaiwanStrait(TS),anunusualseaarea,thenumericalmodelinmarginalseasofChinaisusedtosimulateandanalyzethetidalwavemotioninthestrait.ThenumericalmodelingexperimentsreproducetheamphidromicsystemoftheM2tideinthesouthendoftheTaiwanstrait,andconsequentlyconfirmtheexistenceofthedegenerateamphidromicsystem.Onthisbasis,furtherdiscussionisconductedontheM2systemanditsformationmechanism.ItcanbeconcludedthatthetidalwavesoftheTSisconsistedoftheprogressingwavefromthenorthentranceandthedegenerateamphidromicsystemfromthesouthentrance,inwhichtheprogressingwavefromthenorthentrancedominatesthetidalwavemotioninthestrait.Exceptfortheconvergenteffectcausedbythelandformandboundary,thedegenerateamphidromicsystemproducedinthesouthofthestraitisanotherimportantfactorforthefollowingphenomena:thelargetidalrangeinthemiddleofthestrait,theconcentrativezoneofco-amplitudeandco-phaselineinthesouthofthestrait.ThedegenerateamphidromicsystemismainlyproducedbytheincidentPacificOceantidalwavefromtheLuzonstraitandtheactionbytheshorelineandlandform.Thepositionoftheamphidromicpointiscompelledtomovetowardsouthwestuntildegeneratingbythepowerfulprogressingwavefromthenorthentrance.