简介:以航空运营系统的组成和结构为出发点,揭示了航空系统是一个复杂系统,空难是复杂系统中的小概率事件这一物理本质;给出了现代空难产生的主要原因是系统持续复杂化导致的可靠性降低而不是技术缺陷这一论断.应用复杂系统理论,指出了空难对系统的初始状态具有敏感依赖性,并描述了航空事故起源于偶然的随机初始偏差,经复杂非线性系统的协同放大,最终导致系统灾难的形成机理.最后以初值效应和木桶原理为突破点,以系统理论的方法,提出构建不同层次航空运营安全防范系统,通过系统的初值监控与纠正机制,构建以物质、人文、管理要素和谐关系,持续减少或修正系统差错,从而不断提高系统可靠性的灾难防范思路和方法.
简介:Nowstudyingfordoctor'sdegreeatinstituteofSystemsScience,AcademiaSinica.TheoremDI4]Letk21beaninteger.IfGisaconnectedclaw-freegmphwithhiV(G)levenandwithminimumdegreee(G)atleastZk,thenGhasak-factor.Inthispaper,wegeneralizedtheresultofTheoremC,andobtainthefollowingTheoremifGisanN'-locallyconnectedclawtheegraphwithb(G)22,thenGhasa2-factor.2.LemmasLemma1IfGisanN'-locallyconnectedclaw-acegashwith6(G)22,thenforeachxo6V(G),Ghasashonestcyclecontainingxoandhavingatmost5venices.Lemma2IfGisanN'--locallyconnectedclaw-fr?
简介:TheemergenceofB2Belectronicmarketshasgreatlychangedtherelativebargainingpowerofbuyersandsellers.Westudytheequilibriummarketstructureinabuyer’smarket.Wefindthatbuyer-controlledB2BmarketsandneutralB2Bmarketshavedifferentequilibriumstructures,andtheemergenceofB2Bmarketswillincreasesocialwelfare,butitseffectonbuyersandsellerswillbedifferent:B2Bmarketsincreasetheconsumersurplusoftheendmarket,buttheireffectsonbuyerandsellerprofitsaremoderatedbytherelativebargainingpowerofbuyersandsellers.TheprofitsofthesidewithmuchweakerbargainingpowerwilldecreaseduetotheintroductionofB2Bmarkets.
简介:ThemixedH2/H∞guaranteedcostcontrolproblemviastatefeedbackcontrollawsisconsideredinthispaperforlinearsystemswithnorm-boundedparameteruncertainty.Basedonthelinearmatrixinequality(LMI)approach,sufficientconditionsarederivedfortheexistenceofguaranteedcostcontrollerswhihcguaranteenotonlyaprespecifiedH∞disturbanceattenuationlevelononecontrolledoutputforalladmissibleparameteruncertainties,butalsotheworst-caseH2performanceindexontheothercontrolledoutputtobenomorethanaspecifiedbound.Furthermore,aconvexoptimizationproblemisformulatedtodesignanoptimalH2/H∞guaranteedcostcontroller.