简介:Heattransferintheevacuatedcollectortubeisathree-dimensionallaminarnaturalconvectionproblemdrivenbybuoyancy.Becauseofitscomplexity,noeffectivetheoreticalmodelisavailabledespiteoflimitedexperimentalworkwhichisconfinedtooneaspect.Thepresentworkaimstodepicttheconvectiveheattransferinsideatwo-endedinclinedtubewithEast-Westsymmetricheatinputusingnumericalmethods,Basedonreasonableassumptions,governingequationsoftheinsidefluidareestablished.Thecorrespondingdiscretizatedequationsaresolvedbyemplogyingnumericalmetholds.Thecalculatedresultsaredisplayedforvelocityandtemperatureprofilesondifferentcross-sectionalplasnes.whichpresenttheflowpatterncharacterizedbyupflowanddownflowalongtheaxialdirectionandadherentflowalongtheperipheraldirection,andtheheattransferrpocessfromthewalltothecenter,Furthermore,thetransientNusseltnumberandaveragetemperaturelevelareshownanddiscussed.Finally,theparametriceffectsofthetuberadiusandtheheatinputontheflowandheattransferarealsogiven.
简介:FromthecasestudyofEveningBellRingingatNanpingHill,oneoftheWestLakeCulturalLandscapesinHangzhou,China,weinvestigatedthesoundscapeofascenicareawithaprofoundculturalbackground.First,weconductedthesoundscapephysicalindexoftheareainbothwinterandspringseasonstoanalyzeitsobjectivegraphicalexpression.Second,wefocusedonpeople’sreactionstothesoundscapeinordertoobtainasubjectiveevaluationofeachcomponentinthesoundscapeandintegratedenvironment.Then,therelationshipbetweentheobjectivedataandthesubjectiveevaluationwasanalyzed.Finally,theimpactsofthenaturalenvironment,history,andculturalfactorsontheevaluationoftheJingciTemplesoundscapewerestudied.Itwasfoundthatnaturalsounds,culturalsounds,andhistoricsoundswerewidelyacclaimedinpeople’ssubjectivefeelings,whichindicatedthecloserelationshipsamonghistoricalandculturalbackground,soundscape,andnaturalenvironment.Thus,theconclusionwasmadethatsoundscapeshouldbeconsistentwiththelocalnaturalenvironmentandthehistoricalandculturalbackground.