简介：CpGoligodeoxynucleotides(CpGODN)asadjuvanthavebeenextensivelystudiedinrecentyears.PhosphodiesterCpGODN(POCpGODN)canperfectlymimicbacterialDNAinenhancingimmuneresponsebutarevulnerabletonucleasesinvivo.ThisstudyaimedtoevaluatetheimmunostimulatorypotentialandsafetyofphosphodiesterCpGODNencapsulatedinnonphospholipidliposomes.BALB/cmicewereimmunizedintramuscularlywithdifferentformulationsofliposomes,CpGODNandhepatitisBsurfaceantigen(HBsAg).TheresultsdemonstratedthattheencapsulatedPOCpGODNwereprotectedagainstrapiddegradationinvivoandretainedtheiradjuvantactivity.POCpGODNencapsulatedwithHBsAginliposomesinducedstrongTh1-biasedorTh1/Th2mixedhumoralimmuneresponseinmicewiththemagnitudesimilartotheirphosphothioateequivalentinthesameformulation.HighIFN-gammaproductioninducedbythisformulationconfirmedthegenerationofstrongcellularimmuneresponse.Additionally,co-deliveryofHBsAgandPOCpGODNimprovedtheimmuneresponseoverthatobtainedwithseparatedelivery.Safetyexperimentshowedthatliposome-encapsulaedPOCpGODNandHBsAgcausedmildsystemicandmoderatelocaladversereaction.Inconclusion,ourdatashowsthatPOCpGODNencapsulatedinliposomesfullyexhibittheirTh1-typeadjuvantactivityandactasapotentialadjuvantforvaccines.