简介:Inrealmultiple-inputmultiple-output(MIMO)systems,theperfectchannelstateinformation(CSI)maybecostlyorimpossibletoacquire.Butthechannelstatisticalinformationcanbeconsideredrelativelystationaryduringlong-termtransmission.Thestatisticalinformationcanbeobtainedatthereceiverandfedbacktothetransmitteranddonotrequirefrequentupdate.Byexploitingchannelmeanandcovarianceinformationatthetransmittersimultaneously,thispaperinvestigatestheoptimaltrans-missionstrategyforspatiallycorrelatedMIMOchannels.Anupperboundofergodiccapacityisderivedandtakenastheper-formancecriterion.Simulationresultsarealsogiventoshowtheperformanceimprovementoftheoptimaltransmissionstrategy.
简介:ThispaperdescribesaLeastSquares(LS)channelestimationschemeforMIMOOFDMsystemsbasedontime-domaintrainingsequence.Wefirstcomputetheminimummeansquareerror(MSE)oftheLSchannelestimation,andthenderivetheoptimalcriteriaofthetrainingsequencewithrespecttotheminimumMSE.Itisshownthatoptimaltime-domaintrainingsequenceshouldsatisfytwocriteria.First,theautocorrelationofthesequencetransmittedfromthesameantennaisanimpulsefunctioninaregionlongerthanthechannelmaximumdelay.Second,thecross-correlationbetweensequencestransmittedfromdifferentantennasiszerointhisregion.Simulationresultsshowthattheestimatorusingoptimaltime-domaintrainingsequenceshasbetterperformancethanthatusingoptimalfrequencytrainingsequenceatlowsignal-to-noiseratio(SNR).Toreducethetrainingoverhead,asuboptimaltrainingsequenceisalsoproposed.Comparingwithoptimaltrainingsequence,ithaslowcomputationcomplexityandhightransmissionefficiencyattheexpenseoflittleperformancedegradation.
简介:Thispaperdealswiththedesignandperformanceanalysisofthetransmissionprecoderoptimizationformultiple-inputmultiple-output(MIMO)systemswithlimitedfeedbackofchannelstateinformation(CSI).Weassumethatthereceivercangetperfectchannelknowledgebychannelestimationwhilethetransmitteronlyhaspartialchannelknowledgefromlimitedfeedback.Wepresentaminimummeansquareerror(MMSE)criterionbasedcodebookconstructionalgorithmforMIMOpre-codedspatialmultiplexingsystemsunderaspecificaveragepowerconstraint.Theoptimaltransmitterstructureisemployedinthispaper.SimulationresultsshowthattheMMSEcriteriabasedcodebookconstructionalgorithmwithhybriddesignofpowerallocationandprecodingcanachievebetterperformancethanthatofequalpowerallocationbasedcodebookofpreviousresearch.
简介:TheproblemofcheckingrobustD-stabilityofmulti-inandmulti-out(MIMO)systemswasstudied.Threesystemmodelswereintroduced,i.e.multilinearpolynomialmatrix,polytopicpolynomialmatrixandfeedbacksystemmodel.Furthermore,theconvexpropertyofeachmodelwithrespecttotheparametricuncertaintieswasestablishedrespectively.Basedonthis,sufficientconditionsforD-stabilitywereexpressedintermsoflinearmatrixinequalities(LMIs)involvingonlytheconvexvertices.Therefore,therobustD-stabilitywastestedbysolvinganLMIoptimalproblem.
简介:文章主要对企业输出部门的剥离可行性及剥离方式进行了讨论和分析。在依据企业输出部门剥离需考虑的现实因素的前提下,根据企业的生产经营方式建立了模型,并从经营利润和效率两方面分别进行了对企业输出部门完全剥离和不完全剥离两种方式各自条件的研究,分析了无市场竞争和存在市场竞争两种不同环境对剥离条件的影响,并对企业应在何时选择何种剥离方式进行了总结。研究结果表明:考虑经营利润的剥离条件将会比考虑效率的更难满足;企业资源或产品的内部转移价格对剥离条件则无明显影响;当企业存在多个输出部门时,在效率准则下,各个输出部门的剥离条件相互影响,但在经营利润准则下,多输出部门剥离条件与对应的单一输出部门剥离条件相同;不完全剥离虽是一种中间状态,企业必须通过一定的投入才能达到这种状态,且这样的中间状态在两种环境下的投入量不同。
简介:用增益开关掺铥光纤激光器作种子源,搭建了一个掺铥光纤主振荡放大系统。该系统增益开关种子源最大输出功率约为250mW,斜效率为28.5%;脉冲宽度为56.5ns,脉冲峰值功率为221.2W,对应的峰值功率密度约为0.35GW·cm^-2,输出光谱的3dB线宽仅0.09nm,中心波长在1942nm处。经一级放大后,激光器输出功率提高到1.33W,一级放大器斜效率达48.6%。同时,峰值功率提高到1.2kW,对应的峰值功率密度达1.86GW·cm^-2。此时,受光谱仪分辨率的限制,测得的激光3dB线宽仅为0.06nm。在二级放大器中观察到了超连续谱输出。超连续谱覆盖2~2.6μm的光谱范围,3dB带宽约490nm。
简介:所谓“超宽带(UWB)”,即相对其中心频率有高比例的带宽。1990年,由美国“国防先进技术研究局”召集有关科学家讨论后认为,任何波形,只要带宽大于中心频率的25%,就可认为是“超宽带”。超宽带使用脉宽很窄的基带脉冲,典型为纳秒量级,能量稀薄地扩散在整个使用的带宽里。
简介:对一款国产CMOS图像传感器进行了不同射线粒子的辐照试验,研究了质子、中子和γ射线等粒子辐照对器件饱和输出电压的影响.试验结果表明,在γ射线和质子辐照下,器件的饱和输出电压显著退化,而在中子辐照下,饱和输出电压基本保持不变,表现出较好的抗中子能力.对γ射线和质子辐照下器件饱和输出电压的退化机理进行了分析,饱和输出电压的退化主要受电离总剂量效应影响:随着辐照累积剂量的增加,饱和输出电压逐渐减小且在退火中的变化趋势与CMOS图像传感器像素单元的饱和输出信号变化趋势一致.辐照导致饱和输出电压退化的主要原因是光敏二极管周围的LOCOS隔离氧化层内产生了大量的辐照感生电荷.