简介：Thefissionchamberswhicharegascounterswithfissilematerialinsidechamber,provideessentialinformationforplasmaopcharacteristics.Inconjunctionwiththeneutronfluxmonitorsystemtheseprovidetime-resolvedmeasurementsoftheglobalneutronsourcestrengthandfusionpowerfromthermalnuclearfusionreactorasITERforallplasmaconditionsforwhichneutronsareproduced.

简介：ＩｎｅｒｔｉａＴｅｎｓｏｒｆｏｒＳｙｍｍｅｔｒｉｃＦｉｓｓｉｏｎ￥ＺｈａｎｇＸｕｅｑｉａｎ；ＸｕＳｈｕｗｅｉ；ＳｈｅｎＣｕｉｈｕａ；ＺｈａｎｇＪｕｐｉｎｇａｎｄＹｕａｎＳｈａｎｇｇｕｉＲｅｃｅｎｔｌｙｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏ?..

简介：AbstractObjective:Capsaicin (CPS) is a major component of the red pepper, and its anti-tumor property has been confirmed. However, the underlying mechanism of this anti-tumor effect has not been fully clarified, so we conducted this study to evaluate the role of mitochondrial fission and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction in CPS-induced apoptosis of melanoma cells.Methods:Two melanoma cell lines and melanocytes were treated with CPS alone or in combination with ruthenium red (a transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 [TRPV] antagonist), Z-VAD-FMK (a pan-caspase inhibitor), or N-acetyl-L-cysteine (an antioxidant). Cell vitality was tested using a cell counting kit-8 assay. The expression levels of related proteins were examined by Western blotting. Apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate levels, and mitochondrial dynamics were analyzed by flow cytometry, luminometry, and confocal laser microscopy, respectively, and compared between groups.Results:CPS treatment significantly inhibited the vitality of melanoma cells (For A2058 cells: 0 vs. 120 μmol/L: [100.00% ± 0%] vs. [51.02% ± 6.40%], P < 0.05; For WM35 cells: 0 vs. 120 μmol/L: [100.00% ± 0%] vs. [51.80% ± 3.45%], P < 0.05) but exerted less impact on normal melanocytes. CPS promoted melanoma cell apoptosis through TRPV channels and the caspase cascade. CPS treatment then led to TRPV channel-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction with an increase in reactive oxygen species generation (For A2058 cells: CPS vs. CPS+RR: [2.34 ± 0.30] vs. [1.34 ± 0.12], P < 0.05; For WM35 cells: CPS vs. CPS+RR: [2.25 ± 0.25] vs. [1.65 ± 0.13], P < 0.05), dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Control vs. CPS: [1.00 ± 0] vs. [0.61 ± 0.08], P < 0.05), and adenosine triphosphate reduction (P < 0.05). In addition, reactive oxygen species generation contributed to CPS-induced melanoma cell apoptosis. Mitochondrial fission was subsequently proved to connect CPS treatment to mitochondrial dysfunction, which was also TRPV channel-dependent, thereby inducing melanoma cell apoptosis.Conclusion:Our study highlights the role of mitochondrial fission and its related mitochondrial dysfunction in mediating the pro-apoptotic effect of CPS in melanoma. These findings deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor activity of CPS and indicate the clinical relevancy of extending the use of this agent for cancer therapy.

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简介：Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ　ｏｆ　Ｆｉｓｓｉｏｎ　ｉｎ　Ｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ　４０Ａｒ＋２０９ＢｉＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆＦｉｓｓｉｏｎｉｎＲｅａｃｔｉｏｎ４０Ａｒ＋２０９Ｂｉ￥ＺｈａｎｇＣｈｕｎ；ＺｈｅｎｇＪｉｗｅｎ；ＷｕＥｎｊｉｕ；ＹｉｎＳｈｕ...

简介：Ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ　Ｔｉｍｅ　ｏｆ　Ｌｉｇｈｔ　Ｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓ　ａｎｄ　Ｌｉｆｅｔｉｍｅ　ｏｆ　Ｈｏｔ　Ｎｕｃｌｅｉ　Ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ　Ｂｉｎａｒｙ　ＦｉｓｓｉｏｎＥｍｉｓｓｉｏｎＴｉｍｅｏｆＬｉｇｈｔＰａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓａｎｄＬｉｆｅｔｉｍｅｏｆ...

简介：ＳｐｉｎｓｏｆＦｉｓｓｉｏｎＮｕｃｌｅｉｉｎＩｎｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅＦｕｓｉｏｎＲｅａｃｔｉｏｎｓＩｎｄｕｃｅｄｂｙＩｎｔｅｒｍｅｄｉａｔｅＥｎｅｒｇｙＨｅａｖｙＩｏｎｓ￥ＬｉｕＧｕｏｘｉｎｇ；ＣｈｅｎＫｅｌｉａｎｇ；ＹｕＸｉａｎａｎｄＤａｉＧｕａｎｇｘ...

简介：Langevinsimulationoftheparticlesmulti-passingoverthesaddlepointisproposedtocalculatethermalfissionrate.Duetofinitefrictionandthecorrespondingthermalflutuation,abackstreamingexistsintheprocessoftheparticledescentfromthesaddletothescissio.Thisleadstothatthediffusionbehindthesaddlepointhasinfluenceuponthestationaryflowacrossthesaddlepoint.Adynamicalcorrectionfactor,asaratiooftheflowsofmulti-andfirstoverpassingthesaddlepoint,isevaluatedanalytically.Theresultsshowthatthefissionratecalculatedbytheparticlesmulti-passingoverthesaddlepointislowerthantheonecalculatedbytheparticlefirstlypassingoverthesaddlepoint,andthefomerapproachestheresultsatthescissionpoint.

简介：Considerableattentionhasbeenpaidinrecentyearstothestudyofgeothermalhistorybyusingspontaneousfissiontracksof238Urecordedinminerals.Apatiteandzirconwereusedforfissiontrackstudyinthispaperbecauseapatitiehasbeenwidelyusedasanaturalgeothermometer(WangShichengetal.,1994)torevealthethermalevolutionofsedimentaryrocksbasedonitslowannealingtemperatureoffissiontracksandzirconischaracterizedbyaclosingtemperatureabove700℃,Thesampleswerecollectedfromferruginous,siliceousslatewallrockattheupperlevelsoftheorebodyandNb-REE-Feoresfromdeeptunnels.Theageandthermalevolutionoftheorebodywerediscussedintermsoffissiontrackcharactersandtheirlengthvariationsobservedinthecoexistingapatiteandzirconinthesamespecimen.

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简介：Avariablecoefficient,rotation-modifiedextendedKortweg-deVries(vReKdV)modelisappliedtothestudyoftheSouthChinaSea(SCS),withfocusontheeffectsofthehigh-order(cubic)nonlinearityandtherotationonthedisintegrationprocessoflarge-amplitude(170m)InternalSolitaryWaves(ISWs)andthesemi-diurnalinternaltidepropagatingfromthedeepbasinstationtotheslopeandshelfregionsinacontinuouslystratifiedsystem.Thenumericalsolutionsshowthatthehigh-ordernonlinearitysigni-ficantlyaffectsthewaveprofilebyincreasingthewaveamplitudeandthephasespeedinthesimulatedarea.ItisshownthattheinitialKdV-typeISWwilldecayfasterwhentherotationdispersionisconsidered,howeverthewaveprofiledoesnotchangesignificantlyandtherotationeffectisnotimportant.Thesimulationsofthesemi-diurnalinternaltideindicatethatthephaseofthewaveprofileisshiftedearlierwhentherotationeffectisincluded.Asolitarywavepacketemergesontheshelf,andthewavespeedisalsogreaterwhenconsideringtherotationdispersion.Inaddition,theeffectsofthebackgroundcurrentsarediscussedfurtherinthispaper.ItisfoundthatthebackgroundcurrentsgenerallychangethemagnitudeandoccasionallychangethesignofthenonlinearcoefficientsinthenorthernSCS.

简介：Ｅｘｃｉｔａｔｉｏｎ　Ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　Ｆｉｓｓｉｏｎ　ａｎｄ　Ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ　Ｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｉｎ　Ｂｏｍｂａｒｄｍｅｎｔ　ｏｆ　４０Ａｒ　ｏｎ　１５９Ｔｂ　ＮｕｃｌｅｉＥｘｃｉｔａｔｉｏｎＦｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＦｉｓｓｉｏｎａｎ...

简介：从5件磷灰石样品和4件锆石样品的分裂轨道标明日期证据，和建模的时间温度热历史自从迟了的侏罗记白垩纪，显示那(150-106Ma)，博格达山的uplift过程能被划分成热进化的四个阶段：150-106,75-65，44-24和13-9妈。在44-24妈前，冷却的率和博格达山的南部、北的片断的高举的率是几乎一样，证明Mt.Bogda高举是一个全面过程。自从44-24妈，山的南部、北的片断高举。Bogda显示出差别。在42期间-11妈，博格达山的北片断在一个稳定的阶段，与冷却的率，0.03℃/妈和高举的率正在是0。001mm/a。马夫罗姆到礼品博格达山的北片断在一个快速的冷却并且高举的阶段，与冷却的率，5.72℃/妈和高举的率正在是0.19mm/a。然而，自从26妈，博格达山的南部的片断在一个快速的冷却并且高举的阶段，与凉爽的忘恩负义的人1.24℃/妈和高举的率在26-9期间正在是0.041mm/a妈；4。从9妈的88℃/妈和0.163mm/a到现在为止。

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简介：γ－ｒａｙ　ｉｎ　２５　ＭｅＶ／ｕ　４０Ａｒ＋１１５Ｉｎ　ａｎｄ　１０３Ｒｈ　Ｆｕｓｉｏｎ－ｆｉｓｓｉｏｎ　Ｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎｓγ－ｒａｙｉｎ２５ＭｅＶ／ｕ４０Ａｒ＋１１５Ｉｎａｎｄ１０３ＲｈＦｕｓｉｏｎ－ｆｉｓｓｉｏｎＲ...

简介：ＦｉｓｓｉｏｎｗｉｔｈＣｏｍｐａｎｉｏｎｏｆＰａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓＥｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｉｎ４０Ａｒ＋１５９ＴｂａｎｄｎａｔＡｇＲｅａｃｔｉｏｎｓａｔ３０ＭｅＶ／ｕ￥ＤａｉＧｕａｎｇｘｉ，ＦｕＹａｎｂｉａｏ，ＨｅＺｈｉｙｏｎｇ；ＤｕａｎＬｉｍｉ?..

简介：Determiningthespatio-temporaldistributionofthedeformationtiedtotheIndia-Eurasianconvergenceandtheimpactofpre-existingweaknessesontheCenozoiccrustaldeformationissignificantforunderstandinghowtheconvergencebetweenIndiaandEurasiacontributedtothedevelopmentoftheTibetanPlateau.TheexhumationhistoryofthenortheasternTibetanPlateauwasaddressedinthisresearchusinganewapatitefissiontrack(AFT)studyintheNorthQaidamthrustbelt(NQTB).ThreegranitesamplescollectedfromtheQaidamShanplutoninthenorthtiedtotheQaidamShanthrust,withAFTagesclusteringintheEocenetoMiocene.TheotherthirteensamplesobtainedfromtheLuliangShanandYukaplutonsinthesouthrelatedtotheLuliangShanthrustandtheyhaveshowedpredominantlytheCretaceousAFTages.RelatedthermalhistorymodelingbasedongrainagesandtracklengthsindicatesrapidcoolingeventsduringtheEocene-earlyOligoceneandsincelateMiocenewithintheQaidamShan,incontrasttothoseintheCretaceousandsincetheOligocene-MioceneintheLuliangShanandYukaregion.Theresults,combinedwithpublishedtheCretaceousthermochronologicalagesintheQaidamShanregion,suggestthattheNQTBhadundergorapidexhumationduringtheaccretionsalongthesouthernAsianAndean-typemarginpriortotheIndia-Eurasiancollision.TheCenozoicdeformationinitiallytookplaceintheNorthQaidamthrustbeltbytheEocene,whichisconsistentwiththerecentclaimthatthedeformationofthenortheasternTibetanPlateauinitiatedintheEoceneasaresponsetocontinentalcollisionbetweenIndiaandEurasia.Theimmediatedeformationrespondingtothecollisionistentativelyattributedtothepre-existingweaknessesofthelithosphere,andthereforethedeformationofthenortheasternTibetanPlateaushouldberegardedasaboundary-condition-dependentprocess.

简介：ＣｅｎｔｒａｌＣｏｌｌｉｓｉｏｎｓｉｎ４０ＡｒＩｎｄｕｃｅｄＦｉｓｓｉｏｎｏｎ２０９ＢｉａｎｄｎａｔＡｇＴａｒｇｅｔｓａｔ２５ＭｅＶ／ｕ￥ＹｉｎＳｈｕｚｈｉ；ＺｈｅｎｇＪｉｗｅｎ；ＪｉｎＧｅｎｍｉｎｇ；ＴａｎＪｉｌｉ?..

简介：ＣｏｍｐａｒｉｓｏｎｂｅｔｗｅｅｎＴｈｒｅｅｆｏｌｄＦｒａｇｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＳｅｑｕｅｎｔｉａｌＦｉｓｓｉｏｎｉｎ４０Ａｒ＋１５９ＴｂＲｅａｃｔｉｏｎｓａｔ３０ＭｅＶ／ｕ￥ＤａｉＧｕａｎｇｘｉ；ＦｕＹａｎｂｉａｏ；ＨｅＺｈｉｙｏｎｇ...

简介：Ｌｉｇｈｔ　Ｃｈａｒｇｅｄ　Ｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅ　Ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔ　ｉｎ　Ｃｏｉｎｃｉｄｅｎｃｅ　ｗｉｔｈ　Ｆｉｓｓｉｏｎ　Ｆｒａｇｍｅｎｔｓ　ｉｎ　Ｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　２５ＭｅＶ／ｕ　４０Ａｒ＋２０９ＢｉＬｉｇｈｔＣｈａｒｇｅｄＰａ...