简介：InordertopreliminarilylookatrulesforsoilmoisturechangesinthebankofthegullyandtoprovidesomerecommendationsforvegetativerestorationingullybankregionsintheLoessPlateau,changesofsoilmoisturewithdepthanddistancetothegullyedgeandtheirdynamicchangeswithtimewereobservedtostudythesoilwatercharacteristicsinthebankofthegully.Theresultsshowedthatsoilwatercontentincreasedwithincreasingdistancefromthegullyedge,whereasforthesametimeperiod,thecloserthedistancetothegullywall,thegreaterthewaterloss;andthattheinfluentialdistanceofsideevaporationdecreasedasdepthincreased.

简介：短暂溪谷的形成能显著地从农业陆地增加土壤损失并且严重地影响农场生产率。如果从短暂溪谷的贡献能更精确地被确定，侵蚀预言技术和保存管理技术将极大地被改进。在密西西比，美国和西班牙的领域研究揭示了短暂溪谷的三个范畴。经典短暂溪谷从发生在一样的地以内的流量由集中的流动侵蚀形成了。排水短暂溪谷从从溪谷在哪儿发生在上游的区域发源的流量由集中的流动侵蚀形成了。断绝短暂溪谷在管理惯例在斜坡创造了一个突然的变化的区域形成了，例如邻近道路的域边界。尽管有在气候，分水岭尺寸，水文学，和地理的大差别，在西班牙观察的短暂溪谷词法上类似于在密西西比的那些。用试验性的斜槽，短暂挖深浸蚀首先通过床切口，拓宽的溪谷，和变得陡峭的银行继续了，并且全部的沉积负担取决于流动是否是分开有限或运输有限。

简介：在联邦工业大学的校园在一个斜坡上发展了的溪谷的历史，Owerri，尼日利亚简短被讨论。土木工程学措施被采取割掉在上游的汇伶积，与推土机关上溪谷并且构造轮廓乐队划分在节的斜坡。区域的随后的农业开发没被完成它继续更新的溪谷形成的威胁试验性的域被建立在上2哈域试用隆起并且收割开发合适的方法完成溪谷开垦被安装的斜坡处理。为在研究遇到的领域和问题的不同的节的选择收割模式被讨论。一些得出结论的评论和建议被做：1)水文学2)植物保护3)在联邦工业大学的农学，Owerri尼日利亚。

简介：InsouthernChina,collapsinggullyerosionproducesmassivedepositsofsedimentontheploughlayerofalluvialfanfarmland,leadingtoreducednutrients,increasederodibility,andevendesertification.Theaimofthisstudywastoinvestigatesoilerodibility(thefactorKintheUniversalSoilLossEquation,USLE)andphysicochemicalpropertiesofthealluvialfansofthemostseverecollapsinggullyerosionareas(Hubei,Jiangxi,Fujian,andGuangdongprovinces)insouthernChina.Thesoilsofthecollapsinggullyalluvialfanshadahigherbulkdensity,butalowertotalporosity,saturatedwatercontent,andsiltandclayfractionsthanthecontrol(CK)soilsfromthefarmlandwithoutdesertification.Soilqualitygraduallydecreasedfromfanedgetofanhead.SignificantdecreaseswerefoundinsoilpH,organicmatter,cationexchangecapacity,andtotalpotassium,nitrogen,andphosphorus,aswellasavailablenitrogen,phosphorus,andpotassium,resultinginagradualdecreaseinsoilnutrientsfromthefanedgetothefanhead.Soilerodibilitywasgreatestinthefanhead,andsoilerodibilityKvaluesofthealluvialfanswere53.71%,66.28%,67.53%,and71.68%greaterthanthatinthoseoftheCKsoilsofHubei,Jiangxi,Fujian,andGuangdong,respectively,indicatingasignificantcorrelationbetweenthesoilerodibilityKvaluesandphysicochemicalproperties,particularlysandfractionandorganicmattercontent.Theresultsprovidenewinsightsintotherelationshipbetweensoilphysicochemicalpropertiesanderodibilityofalluvialfans,andsuggestthatimprovingsoilstructuremightincreasesoilfertilityinthecollapsinggullyalluvialfanfarmland.

简介：Gullysystemsandwatershedsaregeomorphicunitswithclearboundariesthatarerelativelyindependentofbasinlandscapesandplayanimportantroleinnaturalgeography.InordertoexplorethemorphologicalcharacteristicsofgullysystemsandwatershedsintheDry-HotValley[SouthWest(SW)China],gulliesareinterpretedfromonlineGoogleimageswithhighresolutionandwatershedsareextractedfromdigitalelevationmodelatascaleof1:50,000.Theresultsshowthat:(1)Thereare17,382gullies(withatotalareaof1141.66km^2)and42watershedsinthestudyarea.(2)Theaveragegullydensityofthestudyarea(D)is4.29km/km^2,gullyfrequency(F)is14.39gullies/km^2,thebranchingratio(B)is5.13,thelengthratio(L)is3.12,andthecoefficientofthemainandtributarygullies(M)is0,06.Thedegreeofgullyerosionisstrongtoextremelystrong,themaindevelopmentintensityofgullyerosionrangesfromintensetomoderate,andthetypeofgullysystemistributary.(3)Thewatershedareas(A)arebetween0.39and96.43km^2,thereliefratio(R)isfrom0.10to0.19,thecircularityratio(C)isfrom0.30to0.83,thetextureratio(T)isfrom0.82to39.35,andthedominantgeomorphologicaltexturetypeisfine.(4)ThereisaquantitativerelationshipbetweenFandD:F=0.624D2(R=0.84)andTiscloselyrelatedtoD,F,M(R2>0.7).A,RandCarerelatedtoM(R2>0.5).Thedevelopmentofgullysystemsistheresultofcouplingeffectsbetweenmultiplefactors.Inthisarea,thedegreeoferosionandtheconditionofthemainandtributarygulliescanbecontrolledbythedegreeoftopographicbreakageinthewatershed,whichprovidessometheoreticalbasisfortheevaluationofgullyerosionbythelatter.Inaddition,thescale,relief,andshapehaveasignificantimpactonthelocationsofthemainandtributarygullies.Fortributarygullies,attentionshouldbepaidtotheinterceptionandcontrolofrunoffandsedimentinthesmallconfluencebranchesinordertopreventgullyexpansionandheadadvance.Thesefeaturescaninformthedevelopmentoftargetedmea

简介：Aimingatalleviatingtheserioussoilerosion,theChinesegovernmentinitiatedtheSlopingLandConversionProgram(SLCP)in1999.Now,after8yearsofprojectimplementation,theecologicalrecoveryeffectsoftheSLCPhavebecomethehotissueofacademiccircle.Thispaper,takingtheloesshillandgullyareaofnorthernShaanxiasanexample,presentsamethodologyforassessingthevegetationrestorationeffectofSLCPwithnormalizeddifferencevegetationindex(NDVI).ThekeycomponentsincludecalculationoftheGrowingSeasonNDVI(GSNDVI),andestimationoftheNVDIchangeinducedbyclimateandSLCP,respectively.Basedonthemethod,theNDVIchangebetween2000and2006wasobtainedusingtheGSNDVIthatexcludedthenoisefromsnowandice.AfterthepartoftotalNDVIchangecausedbyclimatevariationwasestimatedusingempiricformulae,weobtainedthepartinducedbyhumanfactors,i.e.theSLCP.ThehumaninducedpartofNDVIchangewasconsideredasanapproximationindicatingtheeffectoftheSLCPonthevegetation.Finally,weanalyzedtheNDVIchangecharactersofthewholestudyarea,differentslopelandsanddifferentlandusetypesbyspatialstatisticsmethod.ResultsshowthatthevegetationconditionissignificantlyimprovedbytheSLCP,particularlylandtypesthatdirectlyinvolvedintheSLCP,suchassteeplyslopefarmlands,degradedgrasslands,etc.

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简介：TakingAnsaiCountylocatedinloesshillyandgullyareaasacase,thisstudyanalyzesthelandusechangesdrivenbytheSLCP(SlopeLandConversionProgram)andthefarmers'responsesbyhouseholdsurveyandparticipatoryrapidappraisal(PRA).ItisfoundthattheSLCParousedvariouschangesinlanduse,agriculturalproduction,ruralincomes,etc.Intheperiodof1999-2005,thefarmlandandgrasslandswerereducedby26,809haand17,571harespectively,whileforestlandincreasedby38,203ha;greenhousevegetableandorchardgotaquickdevelopment,withtheareaenlargedbyabout7timesandnearlydoubledrespectively.TheSLCPreducedtheareaofcropsparticularlythosethatnormallygrownonslopelands,e.g.thesowingareaofwinterwheatdroppedfrom19.39%ofthetotalcroppingareain1999to0.98%in2005.Draughtanimals,pigsandsheephaveadeclineinthenumberbecausetheremainedlandandthebanongrazingonnaturalgrasslandscannotprovidesufficientfeedforage.Thankstothefinancialsubsidy,farmersincreasedlandinputsandthusoutputs.Toachievelong-termsustain-abledevelopmentandimproveruralincome,thegovernmentshouldcontinuouslysupportfarmerstoimprovethelandmanagement,toadoptalternativelandusesystems,andtoincreaseinputsonsoilconservation.Vegetableandfruitproductionaretwopromiselandusesystems,andshouldbefurtherdeveloped.

简介：黄家二岔小流域地处中国黄土高原水土流失最严重的黄土丘陵沟壑区，自１９８３年以来，该小流域作为小流域治理和农业发展技术的试验示范基地，开展了一系列小流域治理和农业综合发展技术的试验研究工作．本文主要介绍了黄家二岔小流域不同治理阶段所存在的问题、目标、研究思路、内容、技术措施、成果和经验，以期对处在不同发展时期的我国和其他发展中国家的流域治理工作提供参考和借鉴．

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