简介：Themethodhasbeenestablishedtocalculatetheenvironmentalcapacity(ECo),surplusenvironmentcapacity(SECo)ofwaterwithrespecttomarinepetroleumhydrocarbonsassociatedwithoil(PHAOs)andtheself-purificationcapacity(SPCo)ofmainself-purificationprocesstoPHAOsintheJiaozhouBay,China,accordingtothedynamicmodelfordistributionofmarinePHAOsamongmultiphaseenvironments.ThevariationofconcentrationofPHAOsintheJiaozhouBayiswellsimulatedbythedynamicmodel.Basedonthemodel,theEC.,SEC.ofwaterwithrespecttoPHAOsintheJiaozhouBaywerecalculatedduringthelast10yearsunderthefirst-classandsecond-classqualitystandardrequirement,accordingtoSPCoofmainself-purificationprocesstoPHAOs.Theresultsshowthatabout200tonsofPHAOscouldbedischargedintotheJiaozhouBayformaintainingthefirstclassseawaterqualitystandard,andabout600tonsofPHAOsforthesecondclassseawaterqualitystandardlater.

简介：Anenvironmentalcapacitymodelforthepetroleumhydrocarbonpollutions(PHs)inJiaozhouBayisconstructedbasedonfieldsurveys,mesocosm,andparallellaboratoryexperiments.SimulatedresultsofPHsseasonalsuccessionsin2003matchthefieldsurveysofJiaozhouBayresaonablywellwithahighestvalueinJuly.TheMonteCarloanalysisconfirmsthatthevariationofPHsconcentrationsignificantlycorrelateswiththeriverinput.Thewaterbodyinthebayisreasonablysubjectedtoself-purificationprocesses,suchasvolatilizationtotheatmosphere,biodegradationbymicroorganism,andtransporttotheYellowSeabywaterexchange.TheenvironmentalcapacityofPHsinJiaozhouBayis1500tonsperyearIFtheseawaterqualitycriterion(GradeⅠ/Ⅱ,0.05mgL-1)intheregionistobesatisfied.Thecontributiontoself-purificationbyvolatilization,biodegradation,andtransporttotheYellowSeaaccountsfor48%,28%,and23%,respectively,whichmakethesethreeprocessesthemainwaysofPHspurificationinJiaozhouBay.

简介：Thedynamicmicrocosmswereusedtoevaluatetheeffectofoilspillsonmicrobialecologicalsysteminmarinesedimentandtheenhancementofnutrientontheoilremoval.ThefunctionandstructureofmicrobialcommunitycausedbytheoilpollutionandphosphatedosageweresimultaneouslymonitoredbydehydrogenaseactivityassayandPCR-denaturinggradientgelelectrophoresis(DGGE)techniques.Theresultsindicatedthattheamountoftotalbacteriainalldynamicmicrocosmsdeclinedrapidlywithincubationtime.Thenumberofpetroleum-degradingbacteriaandtheactivityofsedimentdehydrogenaseweregraduallyenhancedbypetroleumintheoil-treatedmicrocosms,whiletheybothshowednoobviousresponsetophosphatedosage.Incomparison,phosphatespikedheterotrophicbacteriaandtheyshowedasignificantincreaseinamount.DGGEprofilesindicatedthatpetroleumdosagegreatlychangedcommunitystructure,andthebacteriabelongedtoclassDeltaproteobacteria,andphylaBacteroidetesandChlorobiwereenriched.Thisstudydemonstratedthatpetroleuminputgreatlyimpactedthemicrobialcommunitystructureandconsequentlythemarinesedimentpetroleum-degradingactivitywasenhanced.Phosphatedosagewouldmultiplyheterotrophicbacteriabutnotsignificantlyenhancethepetroleumdegradation.

简介：Thepollutionconditionofpetroleumhydrocarbon(PH)wassummarizedintheBohaiSeainthispaper.TheresultsshowedthatthemeanconcentrationofPHwas(25.7±13.6)mg/m3,varyingfrom4.4to64.8mg/m3inthesurveyseaarea.LaizhouBayandBohaiBayhavebeencontaminatedbadlyinshore.ThedynamicmodelfordistributionofmarinePHamongmultiphaseenvironmentsintheBohaiSeahasbeenestablished.Theenvironmentalcapacities(ECo)andsurplusenvironmentalcapacities(SECo)ofPHhavebeenestimatedintheBohaiSeaaccordingtothedynamicmodel.TheresultsshowedthattheECoseparatelywereabout29169t/a,177306t/aand298446t/aunderthefirst,secondandthird,fourthclassseawaterqualitystandardsrequirement.AndtheECoofBohaiBay,LiaodongBay,LaizhouBayandCentralBohaiSeawereabout5255t/a,8869t/a,4889/aand10156t/arespectivelyunderthefirstandsecondclassseawaterqualitystandardsrequirement.