简介:AbstractThe present pandemic has posed a crisis to the economy of the world and the health sector. Therefore, the race to expand research to understand some good molecular targets for vaccine and therapeutic development for SARS-CoV-2 is inevitable. The newly discovered coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a positive sense, single-stranded RNA, and enveloped virus, assigned to the beta CoV genus. The virus (SARS-CoV-2) is more infectious than the previously detected coronaviruses (MERS and SARS). Findings from many studies have revealed that S protein and RdRp are good targets for drug repositioning, novel therapeutic development (antibodies and small molecule drugs), and vaccine discovery. Therapeutics such as chloroquine, convalescent plasma, monoclonal antibodies, spike binding peptides, and small molecules could alter the ability of S protein to bind to the ACE-2 receptor, and drugs such as remdesivir (targeting SARS-CoV-2 RdRp), favipir, and emetine could prevent SASR-CoV-2 RNA synthesis. The novel vaccines such as mRNA1273 (Moderna), 3LNP-mRNAs (Pfizer/BioNTech), and ChAdOx1-S (University of Oxford/Astra Zeneca) targeting S protein have proven to be effective in combating the present pandemic. Further exploration of the potential of S protein and RdRp is crucial in fighting the present pandemic.
简介:摘要环状RNA(circular RNA, circRNA)是一类最新发现的非编码RNA,因具有特殊结构及可以在疾病中发挥调控作用而成为最近的研究热点。许多研究表明circRNA与心力衰竭的病理生理机制密切相关,特别是在心力衰竭中的关键环节——心脏重塑,circRNA表现出调控甚至是逆转心脏重塑的巨大潜力。文章对circRNA的功能及其在心力衰竭进展中的作用进行综述,并从心脏重塑3个重要环节(心肌细胞改变、心肌间质纤维化、血管再生)总结circRNA发挥的调控作用,总结目前circRNA在心力衰竭方面作为生物标志物的研究进展,为开发新的治疗靶标和生物标志物提供新思路。
简介:AbstractAlthough whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequencing has tremendously improved our understanding of the genetic etiology of human disorders, about half of the patients still do not receive a molecular diagnosis. The high fraction of variants with uncertain significance and the challenges of interpretation of noncoding variants have urged scientists to implement RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in the diagnostic approach as a high throughput assay to complement genomic data with functional evidence. RNA-seq data can be used to identify aberrantly spliced genes, detect allele-specific expression, and identify gene expression outliers. Amongst eight studies utilizing RNA-seq, a mean diagnostic uplift of 15% has been reported. Here, we provide an overview of how RNA-seq has been implemented to aid in identifying the causal variants of Mendelian disorders.