简介:WiththeremarksmadebyDengXiaopingduringhissouthernChinatourinearly1992astheguide,the14thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPar-tyofChina(CPC)categoricallymadethesettingupofasocialistmarketeconomythegoalforChina’seconomicrestructuring.ThismarksanewstageinChina’se-conomicreform,astageforall-rounddeepeningofreformsandopeningupaimed
简介:DiscussionsabouttheU.S-Iraqwarwouldlastforyears,butthewarwillsurelyproducelong-terminfluencesoninternationalstrategicstructureandChina’ssecurityenvironment.ThefeatureandinfluenceofthewararedeterminedbytheAmerica’purposesinlaunchingthewar,which,inthecommonviews
简介:Deterrenceandcoercionaretwokindsofstrategies,thelatterbeingmoreaggressivethantheformer.TheU.S.Asia-PacificRebalancingstrategyisanimportantdiplomaticlegacyofObama'sadministration.FortheissuesinvolvingtheDiaoyuIslands,theSouthChinaSea,cybersecurity,DPRK'snuclearprogram,andIran'snuclearprogram,theU.S.hascarriedoutmilitarydeterrenceandnon-forcecoercionagainstChina.Butgenerally,thesearelow-levelcoercivemeasuresanddistinctfromthesevereeconomicsanctionanddiplomaticisolationimposedbytheU.S.onRussia,Syria,DPRKandIraninrecentyears.ConcerningissueswheretheU.S.andChinaholddistinctviews,therewouldbelessstrategicleewayforthetwocountries.IftheU.S.istostrengthendeterrenceandcoerciontowardsChina,Chinacanrespondmoreactivelyandeffectively,butitwillbemoredifficulttobuildanewmodelofChina-U.S.major-countryrelationship.
简介:Neurotrophicfactorscompriseessentialsecretedproteinsthathaveseveralfunctionsinneuralandnon-neuraltissues,mediatingthedevelopment,survivalandmaintenanceofperipheralandcentralnervoussystem.Therefore,neurotrophicfactorissuehasbeenextensivelyinvestigatedintothecontextofneurodegenerativediseases.Alzheimer'sdiseaseandParkinson'sdiseaseshowchangesintheregulationofspecificneurotrophicfactorsandtheirreceptors,whichappeartobecriticalforneuronaldegeneration.Indeed,neurotrophicfactorspreventcelldeathindegenerativeprocessesandcanenhancethegrowthandfunctionofaffectedneuronsinthesedisorders.Basedonrecentreports,thisreviewdiscussesthemainfindingsrelatedtotheneurotrophicfactorsupport–mainlybrain-derivedneurotrophicfactorandglialcellline-derivedneurotrophicfactor–inthesurvival,proliferationandmaturationofaffectedneuronsinAlzheimer'sdiseaseandParkinson'sdiseaseaswellastheirputativeapplicationasnewtherapeuticapproachforthesediseasesmanagement.