简介：AbstractBackground:The new emerging avian influenza A H7N9 virus, causing severe human infection with a mortality rate of around 41%. This study aims to provide a novel treatment option for the prevention and control of H7N9.Methods:H7 hemagglutinin (HA)-specific B cells were isolated from peripheral blood plasma cells of the patients previously infected by H7N9 in Jiangsu Province, China. The human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated by amplification and cloning of these HA-specific B cells. First, all human mAbs were screened for binding activity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Then, those mAbs, exhibiting potent affinity to recognize H7 HAs were further evaluated by hemagglutination-inhibiting (HAI) and microneutralization in vitro assays. Finally, the lead mAb candidate was selected and tested against the lethal challenge of the H7N9 virus using murine models.Results:The mAb 6-137 was able to recognize a panel of H7 HAs with high affinity but not HA of other subtypes, including H1N1 and H3N2. The mAb 6-137 can efficiently inhibit the HA activity in the inactivated H7N9 virus and neutralize 100 tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID50) of H7N9 virus (influenza A/Nanjing/1/2013) in vitro, with neutralizing activity as low as 78 ng/mL. In addition, the mAb 6-137 protected the mice against the lethal challenge of H7N9 prophylactically and therapeutically.Conclusion:The mAb 6-137 could be an effective antibody as a prophylactic or therapeutic biological treatment for the H7N9 exposure or infection.

简介：ToconstructanexpressionvectorcontainingtheE1glycoproteingeneofrubellavirusforthestudyontheeffectofmutationoftheE1geneglycoproteinandtheanalysisofphylogeneticdifferencesofsequences,thegeneencodingtheE1envelopeglycoproteinwasamplifiedfromrubellavirus,JinanstrainJR23,byRT-PCRandligatedintoPMD-18Tvector.TheclonesthatcarriedtheE1genewereidentifiedafteramprselectionandanalysisofrestrictionenzymedigestion.AftersequencingthisgenewasanalyzedbyDanstarandWinstarprograms,andthemapofphylogenetictreewasdrawn.ThecloneofE1glycoproteinwasthusconstructed.ItwasfoundthatthesequencedifferencesbetweenJR23strainandtheTCRBstrainfromJapanandthosebetweenJR23strainandThomasstrainofEnglandwererathersmallwithdifferencevaluesof0.9%and1.2%respectively.YetthosebetweenJR23strainandBRD2strainfromBeijingandthosebetweenJR23strainandXG379strainfromHongKongwerecomparativelylargerwithdifferencevaluesof7.6%and7.3%respectively.ThesequenceofJR23strainwithotherstrainswaslessthan3%excepttheNCstrain(3.7%).ItconcludesthattheconstructionofE1glycoproteingeneoffersanapproachtostudytherelationshipbetweenstructuresandfunctionsofE1geneanditsgeneproducts.Inthephylogenetictree,itshowsthattherearesignificantdifferencesinthesequencesofrubellavirusisolatedinChina,andthismightbehelpfultodevelopaneffectivesubunitvaccine.

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简介：Preliminaryobservationsontheresultofinfectionbyparvovirusofprimaryculturedcellsofhumanhepatomaandparahepatomatissuewerereported.Humanhepatomaandparahepatomatissuewereobtainedbytheculturemethodoftissuefragmentplating.ItwasobservedthattheirrespectivesensitivitytoparvovirusH-1wasdifferent.H-1hadinhibitoryeffectonepithelialcellsofhepatomatissuebutwithoutanysignificanteffectonfibroblastssimultaneously,H-lhadnoeffectonepithelialcellsandfibroblastsofparahepatomatissue.Furtherinvestigationoftherelationshipbetweenparvovirusandhepatomawouldbehelpfulnotonlyinelucidatingthemechanismofcarcinogenesisanditssuppressionbutalsointhesearchofnewapproachforthetreatmentofhepatoma.

简介：Directgenetransferintosomatictissueinvivoisadevelopingtechnologywithpotentialapplicationforcancergenetherapy.Retrovirusvector,whichwasaneffectivevehicle,stillhassomedisadvantagesingeneratinghightiterrecombinantvectorsandmanipulatingtomediateinvirogenetransfer.Inthispaper,recombinantvacciniavirusvectorencodinghuman

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简介：TherearesomeIndicationsthttherpesaimplexvirus(HSV)maybemutagenic.SpecificchromosomalchangeshavealsobeendemonstratedInculturedcellsinfectedwithHSV.TofurtherInvestigatethemutagenicactivityofHSVtype2(HSV-2)weusedmouseskinasamodelsystemforcardnogenetls.Inoculationofthebackskinof4-week-oldSencarmkewithlivevirustwiceperweekforoneweekorwithInactivatedvirustwiceperweekfortwoweekswasusedtoInitiatethemouseakin.AfterInitiationwithHSV-2,12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetale(TPA)wasappliedtwiceweeklyfor50weeksasapromoter.Duringaperiodof52weeks,noskincarcinomawasfoundIntheexperimentalgroups,whereas55%ofcontrolmicetreatedwith9,10-dlmethy1-1,2-benzanthracene(DMBA)andthenwithTPA-developedskincarcinoma.TheresultsdemonstratethatHSV-2couldnotsubstituteforDMBAinthisanimalmodeloftwo-stageskincarcinogenesis.

简介：Objective:ToevaluatetheclinicalapplicationofmultiplexPCRinthedetectionofTreponemapallidum,Herpessimplexvirus(HSV),andHaemophilusducreyi.Method:ThreestandardstrainswereusedtosetupamultiplexPCR(MPCR)fordetectingsyphilis,herpesgenitalis,andchancroidsimultaneously.Samplesfrom122patientswithgenitalulcerdisease(GUD)weresubjectedtoMPCRandtheresultswerecomparedwiththeseofdark-fiddmicroscopyandTPserology,HSVanligenELISA,andH.ducreyiculture,Result:Inthe122patientswithGUD,MPCRidentified34casesofT.palliduminfection,40casesofHSVinfection,and2casesofmixedinfectionofT.pallidumandherpes.NopositiveresultsofH.ducreyiwerefound.ThesensitivityofMPCRtoT.pallidumandherpeswas100%and93.3%,respectivdy.Thesensitivitiesofdark-fieldmicroscopyandTPserology,HSVantigenELISA,andH.ducreyiculturewas35.3%,50%and100%,respectively.Conclusion:MPCRshowedarelativelyhighersensitivityforT.pallidumascomparedwiththeroutinetechniques.AlthoughitssensitivityforHSVwasnotasgoodasthatofantigenELISA,italsoyieldedahighdetectionrate.MPCRcandetectmorethanonepathogen.Itissimple,quick,sensitive,andsuitableforclinicaluseorepidemiologicalinvestigation.

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简介：Toinvestigatethemutationsintheupstreamregulatoryregion(URR)ofhumanpapillomavirustype16(HPV-16)fromthecervicalcancerbiopsiesinXinjiangUygurwomenanditsrelationshiptothehighincidenceofcervicalcancerinthesouthernXinjiang,thetissueDNAwasextractedfromthecervicalcancerbiopsies,andtheURRsegmentofHPV-16DNAwasamplified,sequencedandanalyzed.Thereafter,thepolymorphismofURRinHPV-16wasthenanalyzed.ItwasdemonstratedthatthepositiveratedetectedforthepresenceofURRinHPV-16was89.47%(17/19).ComparedwiththepreviouslypublishedsequenceinURRofprototypeHPV-16,somemutationsweredetectedinthesequenceofURR.Themutationsin17URRfragmentsofHPV-16couldbedividedinto11patterns(XJU-1toXJU-11)atnucleicacidlevel,inwhicheachofXJU-1andXJU-4accountedfor23.53%(4/17),andotherpatternsofmutationaccountedfor5.88%(1/17).IncomparisonwiththeURRofprototypeHPV-16,theDNAidentityofthesepatternswas98.50%-99.68%.Inthese17URRfragments,twopointmutationsoccurredatposition7192(GtoT)andposition7520(GtoA)andtheyappearedtobeconstantinXinjiangarea.ThesetwomutationswereubiquitousintheAsia-Americantypeandconferredstronginfectionactivityandcarcinogenicityofthisvirus.Inaddition,themutationsatposition7729(AtoC),position7843(AtoG)andposition7792(CtoT)couldenhanceitstranscriptionactivityconsiderably.ItisconcludedthatsomemutationsoccurinURRgeneofHPV-16inthecervicalcancerbiopsiestakenfromUygurwomeninXinjiangarea,suggestingthatcertainrelationshipexistsamongthemutationsinURRofHPV-16,thephylogenyofHPV-16andthehighincidenceofcervicalcancerinsouthernpartofXinjiangarea.

简介：AbstractAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a highly infectious, transboundary viral disease of domestic and wild pigs, and is currently the most serious threat to world swine production, resulting in significant economic loss. In the absence of vaccines and treatments, the control of the disease entirely depends on accurate and early diagnosis accompanied by the culling of infected pigs. Thus, a highly specific and sensitive diagnostic assay is required during an outbreak and surveillance of the disease. In this study, a highly sensitive, specific, rapid and repeatable P22-monoclonal antibody-based blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA) assay was developed for the detection of antibodies against genotype I and II African swine fever viruses(ASFVs). A total of 806 pig serum samples were tested to evaluate the performance of the diagnostic assay. To determine the PI (percent Inhibition) cut-off value, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied. According to the ROC analysis of the data, 98.10% specificity and 100% sensitivity were recorded when the threshold cut-off value of PI was established at 47%. In addition, the assay was able to detect ASFV antibodies as early as 9 days post-infection when serum samples from experimentally infected pigs were used. Taking all together, the results of the present study indicated that the P22-mAb based bELISA assay can be used for rapid and accurate detection of antibodies against ASFV, which could play a valuable role in the containment and prevention of ASFV as an alternative to other serological diagnostic methods. Also, this study will assist researchers to further investigate the immunogenic importance of P22 protein in ASFV infection.

简介：AbstractBackground:Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH) in China, but co-infections of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) may individually or jointly reduce the effect of ART. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of HBV/HCV coinfections on treatment drop-out and mortality among PLWH on ART.Methods:A retrospective cohort study analysis of 58,239 people living with HIV (PLWH) who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) during 2010-2018 was conducted in Guangxi Province, China. Data were from the observational database of the National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program. Cox proportional hazard models were fitted to evaluate the effects of baseline infection of HBV or HCV or both on death and treatment attrition among PLWH.Results:Our study showed high prevalence of HBV (11.5%), HCV (6.6%) and HBV-HCV (1.5%) co-infections. The overall mortality rate and treatment attrition rate was 2.95 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.88-3.02] and 5.92 (95% CI: 5.82-6.01) per 100 person-years, respectively. Compared with HIV-only patients, HBV-co-infected patients had 42% higher mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR)=1.42; 95% CI 1.32-1.54], HCV-co-infected patients had 65% higher mortality (aHR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.47-1.86), and patients with both HCV and HBV co-infections had 123% higher mortality (aHR=2.23; 95% CI:1.87-2.66).Conclusions:HBV and HCV coinfection may have an additive effect on increasing the risk of all-cause death among PLWH who are on ART. It is suggested that there is need for primary prevention and access to effective hepatitis treatment for PLWH.

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatethepositiverateandtypesofcellsthatexpressEpstein-Barrvirus-encodedsmallRNAs(EBERs)andtodeterminethedistributionofEBER-expressingcellsinidiopathicorbitalinflammatorypseudotumor(IOIP)tissues.METHODS:Weretrospectivelyexamined40archivedparaffinspecimensfromtwoteachinghospitalsinSouthernChinabetweenJanuary2007andJanuary2015thatwerepathologicallydeterminedtoexhibitIOIP.Elevenconcurrentparaffinspecimensofthyroid-associatedophthalmopathy(TAO)composedthecontrolgroup.InsituhybridizationwasperformedtodetectEBERs.ImmunohistochemistrywasemployedtodetectCD3,CD20,Vimentin,andsmoothmuscleactin(SMA),andthepositiverate,typesofpositivecells,anddistributionandlocationofEBERswereevaluated.RESULTS:ThepositiveexpressionrateofEBERswas47.5%(19/40)intheIOIPgroup,whichwassignificantlyhigherthanthatintheTAOgroup[0(0/11),P=0.011].IntheIOIPgroup,thelymphocyteinfiltrativesubtype,fibroticsubtype,andmixedsubtypeexhibitedEBER-positiveratesof57.1%(12/21),12.5%(1/8),and54.5%(6/11),respectively,andnosignificantdifferenceswerefoundbetweenthesesubtypes(P=0.085).PositivesignalsofEBERsweremainlypresentinmedium-smalllymphocytesbetweenoraroundfolliclesandinthenucleiofactivatedimmunoblasts(14/19).CONCLUSION:Thepositiverate,types,anddistributionofEBER-expressingcellsinIOIPhavebeendocumented.ThesefindingsareconduciveforabetterunderstandingoftheunderlyingmechanismsofEpstein-BarrvirusinfectioninIOIPpathogenesis.

简介：TostudythemechanismofinfectionofEpstein-Barrvirus(EBV)ingastriccarcinomacells,theAkataandP3HR-1strainsofEBVwereusedastheteststrainsofviruses,andthesignetringcelllineHSC-39ofgastriccarcinomacellswasusedasthetargetcellsofinfection.Thevirus-infectedcellcloneswereisolatedbylimiteddilutionmethod.ItwasfoundthattheEBV-encodedsmallRNA(EBER)couldbedetectedintheinfectedcells.TheAkataandP3HR-1EBVinfectedparentalcellsandmostofclonesexpressedEBNA1,butnotEBNA2.Latentmembraneprotein(LMP-1)andLMP-2,andtheQpromoter(p),butnottheCp/WpforEBNAgenetranscriptionwasactiveintheinfectedparentalcellsaswellasalltheclones.UninfectedHSC-39cellsdidnotexpressCD21,however,AkatabutnotP3HR-1EBV-infectedclonesex-pressedlowlevelofCD21mRNA.TheseresultsdemonstratethatHSC-39cellsaresusceptibletobothEBVstrainsandEBVinfectsHSC-39cellsthroughtheCD21-independentpathway.ThisstudydefinesasignetringtypeofgastriccarcinomacellslineasauniquetargetcellsforthestudyofEBVinfectionmechanism.

简介：Objective:TolookforthefurtherevidenceforHPVL1HPV16E6,HPV18E6andEBVascarcinogenicfactorsinlaryngealcarcinoma.Method:weexaminedrepresentativenumbersofspecimensfromlaryngealcancerwithhighlysensitivePCRtechniqueforthepresenceofHPVL1andhigh-risktypesHPV16E6,HPV18E6andEBVLMP1.Results:UsingPCRdetection,7.3%sampleswereHPVL1positive,52.03%wereHPV16E6positive,30.89%wereHPV18E6positiveand9.13%wereEBVLMP1positive.ThelowincidenceofHPVL1andhighincidenceofHPV-16E6andHPV18E6genessuggestthatHPVmightbeintegratedintotumorcells.OurresultssupportaroleofHPV-16andHPV-18infectioninthepathogenesisoflaryngealcarcinomainChina.Conclusion:IntegrationofE6intohostgenomeandstableexpressionofthesegenesmaybeassociatedwiththecarcinogenesisoflaryngealcarcinoma.HPV-16andHPV-18maysynergisticallyfunctiononthepathogenesisoflaryngealcarcinoma.Ourresultssuggestanassociationoflaryngealcarcinogenesisandinfectionwiththehigh-riskHPVtypes16,HPV18andEBV.

简介：病毒的紧张的坏死(VNN)在海洋的鱼引起高死亡，特别在grouper，全球并且在中国。因为没有有效疫苗或药处理VNN，早察觉和预防是重要的堵住它的爆发。在这研究，反向的抄写聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)为VNN病原体的快速、方便、敏感的察觉被开发，紧张的坏死病毒(NNV)，在grouper。整个过程从RNA抽取在3.5h以内被完成到PCR产品可视化。这个方法的察觉限制是NNVRNA标准的200个拷贝，它对应于病毒粒子的200个拷贝。这个RT-PCR方法对NNV察觉没有特定对另外的鱼跨反应病毒的疾病病原体例如传染胰腺的坏死病毒(IPNV)，传染造血的坏死病毒(IHNV)，鲤鱼病毒(SVCV)的春天viraemia，流行于家畜的造血的坏死病毒(EHNV)，并且大黄croakeriridovirus(LYCIV)。与这个方法，看到橘子的grouper(Epinepheluscoioides)从育种站与或没有在福建省的VNN流行病的发生的油炸食品被检测。结果都显示出那或当从没有VNN的二个育种站的40%油炸食品或25%流行病也作为NNV被检测时，从有流行病的发生的二个育种站的93%油炸食品作为积极被诊断积极，显示这个RT-PCR方法能被用于快速，NNV感染的敏感察觉并且在VNN流行警戒适用。

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