简介:Despitethehnpactofhighly-activemltiretroviraltherapy(HAART),manifestedasmarkedreductionsintheincidenceofopwrtunistieinfectionsinthelast5,years,respiratoryproblemsstillconstituteamajorburdenofdiseaseinthoseinfectedwithHIV.ReasonsforthisincludethelimitedavailabilityofHAART.worldwide,thefailureofsustainedviralsuppressioninupto50%ofpatientstakingHAART,failureofprophylaxisforspecificopportunisticinfectiorrs,andanincreasingnumberofpatientspresentingwithpreviouslymldiagnosedadvancedHIVinfection.
简介:HIVisablood-bomevirustransmittedviasexualintercourseorpercutaneousexposuretoinfectedblood,orfromaninfectedmothertoherchildduringthebirthprocess.Followinginfection,thetimebeforeonsetofclinicaldiseasevariesfrommonthstoyears;thedurationisinfluencedbyage(therateofprogressionincreaseswithage)andHLAtype(A1,B8,DR3areassociatedwithrapidprogressionandB27withslowprogression),butnotbygenderorriskactivity.Althoughmostpatientsinitiallyhavenocharacteristicsymptoms,thereisusually(90%)agradualdeclineinimmunefunction.