学科分类
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10 个结果
  • 简介:下咽癌的年发病率为(0.17~0.80)/10万,占头颈部恶性肿瘤的1.4%~7.0%,占全身恶性肿瘤的0.5%。其主要病理类型为鳞状细胞癌,多发生于梨状窝区(70%~80%),其次为下咽后壁区(5%~22%),

  • 标签: 下咽癌 头颈部恶性肿瘤 重建 修复 手术 全身恶性肿瘤
  • 简介:慢性化脓性中耳炎是耳鼻咽喉科常见病之一,反复耳流脓和听力下降严重影响患者的生活质量。随着医疗设备和技术的提高及生活条件的改善,目前患者和医师不仅追求病灶的清除,更在意术后听力的提高。本科收治慢性化脓性中耳炎45例,其中运用多孔聚乙烯听小骨假体重建听骨链12例,现结合术中、后情况报告如下。

  • 标签: 听小骨假体 多孔聚乙烯 听骨链 重建 慢性化脓性中耳炎 生活质量
  • 简介:喉部分切除术后术腔缺损,可采用颈部皮瓣、带状肌软骨膜瓣、会厌等修补,自1982年以来,对合适的患者在喉部分切除术后以会厌、胸骨舌骨肌肌筋膜联合修补喉腔缺损,扩大了新喉腔,较好地恢复了喉的功能,取得了预期的手术效果,现将近几年所做的病例总结报告如下:

  • 标签: 喉部分切除术 会厌肌筋膜喉腔重建术 手术方法 术腔缺损修补
  • 简介:目的观察18例声门癌(T1~3NoMo)患者行部喉切除术后喉形态及发音情况。方法在喉癌完整切除后选用几种不同修补方法:1.皮瓣法;2.双蒂肌软骨膜瓣法;3.单蒂肌新声带成形法;4.甲状软骨双蒂肌软骨膜瓣法。结果后两种方法能较好地重建喉的形态及恢复良好的发音功能,甲状软骨双蒂肌软骨膜瓣法新成形的声带是一垂直平面,其僵硬度不妨碍健侧声带振动,能产生接近正常的声音。结论后两种方法值得推广。

  • 标签: 喉癌 喉切除术 发音
  • 简介:目的:探讨利用计算机图像技术虚拟再现患者三维的解剖结构,通过64层螺旋CT影像资料技术实现三维模型,用于手术前的设计和手术模拟,在重建技术下行眼眶下壁骨折的手术方法。方法:对经过筛选的30例眼眶下壁骨折患者进行计算机三维重建,并对其诊断结果进行分析、制定手术方案。结果:眶下壁骨折患者30例通过计算机三维重建后,3D影像显示骨折线的走行方向、骨折范围、位置、类型及骨折块的移位等空间信息像,对临床处理起着较明确的指导作用,手术均获得满意疗效。结论:计算机导航三维重建技术下行眶下壁骨折修复术术后重建效果良好,可显著提高手术的精确性与安全性,降低手术并发症。

  • 标签: 眶下壁骨折 计算机三维重建 64层螺旋CT
  • 简介:下咽癌侵犯喉与食管是头颈部恶性肿瘤中较难处理的一种.近年来由于采用外科切除,或外科切除后协同放射综合治疗,使3年、5年的生存率较过去有了提高,但在外科处理中最大的难题是在病变切除后组织缺损多,重建下咽以及食管有很大的困难.

  • 标签: 下咽癌 外科切除术 残存喉黏膜 气管黏膜 手术适应症 食道重建
  • 简介:目的探讨多层螺旋CT(muhislicespiralCT,MSCT)面神经管曲面重建(curvedplanarreformation,CPR)在中耳乳突手术中的应用。方法成人尸头标本20具,行颞骨MSCT超薄层高分辨率扫描,在3个垂直平面上分别进行面神经管CPR重建,在重建图像上测量面神经管与各外科解剖标志结构间的距离,并与标本测量结果进行对照。结果(1)外半规管与面神经管关系在横断面重建CPR像上显示最好,壶腹部与面神经管间距离最短,为(1.74±0.29)mm,外半规管后缘与面神经管锥曲处间距离最大,为(2.47±0.51)mm。(2)砧骨短脚窝形态在矢状面重建CPR像上显示最佳,与面神经管锥曲最短距离为(2.88±0.41)mm。(3)乙状窦沟在冠状面重建CPR像上显示最好,与面神经管最短距离为(8.97±2.72)mm。CPR像上各测量值与解剖标本测量值差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论MSCT面神经管CPR重建可用于测量面神经管与外科标志性结构间的距离,为术中面神经的保护发挥重要作用。(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2009,9:89-91)

  • 标签: 面神经管 体层摄影术 X线计算机 中耳 手术
  • 简介:AIM:Todemonstratethemorphologyandstructureofinvitroreconstructedtissue-engineeredhumancornealepithelium(TE-HCEP)withseedercellsfromanuntransfectedHCEPcellline.·METHODS:TheTE-HCEPswerereconstructedinvitrowithseedercellsfromanuntransfectedHCEPcellline,andscaffoldcarriersofdenudedamnioticmembrane(dAM)inair-liquidinterfaceculturefor3,5,7and9days,respectively.Thespecimenswereexaminedwithhematoxylin-eosin(HE)stainingofparaffin-section,immunocytochemicalstaining,scanningandtransmissionelectronmicroscopy.·RESULTS:DuringinvitroreconstructionofTE-HCEP,HCEPcellsformeda3-4,6-7and8-10layersofanHCEP-likestructureondAMsinair-liquidinterfaceculturefor3,5and7days,respectively.Butthecellsdeceasedto5-6layersandthestructureofstraifiedepitheliumbecamelooseatday9.Andthecellsmaintainedpositiveexpressionofmarkerproteins(keratin3andkeratin12),cell-junctionproteins(zonulaoccludens-1,E-cadherin,connexin43andintegrinβ1)andmembranetransportproteinofNa+-K+ATPase.TheHCEPcellsinTE-HCEPwererichinmicrovillionapicalsurfaceandestablishednumerouscell-cellandcell-dAMjunctionsatday5.·CONCLUSION:ThemorphologyandstructureofthereconstructedTE-HCEPweresimilartothoseofHCEPinvivo.TheHCEPcellsinthereconstructedTE-HCEPmaintainedthepropertiesofHCEPcells,includingabilitiesofformingintercellularandcell-extracellularmatrixjunctionsandabilitiesofperformingmembranetransportation.TheuntransfectedHCEPcellsanddAMscouldpromisinglybeusedinreconstructionHCEPequivalentforclinicalcornealepitheliumtransplantation.

  • 标签: tissue-engineered HUMAN CORNEAL epithelium in VITRO
  • 简介:AIM:Topresenttheoutcomeofmodifiedgridlaserphotocoagulation(GLP)indiffusediabeticmacularedema(DDME)ineyeswithoutextrafovealand/orvitreofovealtraction.METHODS:InclusioncriteriafortheretrospectivestudywereDDMEeyesofpatientswithtypeⅡdiabetesmellitusthathad≥4monthsoffollow-upfollowingGLP.Onlyoneeyeperpatientwasanalyzed.Using3-Dspectral-domainopticalcoherencetomography(3-DSDOCT),eyesthathadeitherextrafovealorvitreofovealtraction,orhadbeenpreviouslytreatedbyanintravitrealmedication(s)wereexcluded.TreatedDDMEeyesweredividedinto4groups:A)'Classic'DDMEthatinvolvedthecentralmacula;B)edemadidnotinvolvethemacularcenter;C)eyesassociatedwithcentralepiretinalmembrane(ERM);D)DDMEthatwasassociatedwithmacularcapillarydropout≥2disc-diameter(DD).RESULTS:GLPoutcomein35DDMEeyesafter4-24(mean,13.1±6.9)monthswasasfollows:GroupA)18eyeswith'classic'DDME.Followingoneor2(mean,1.2)GLPtreatments,best-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)improvedby1-2Snellenlinesin44.4%(8/18)ofeyes,andworsenedby1linein11.1%(2/18).Centralmacularthickness(CMT)improvedby7%-49%(mean,26.6%)in77.8%(14/18)ofeyes.CausesofCMTworsening(n=4)werecommonlyexplainable,predominantly(n=3)associatedwithemergenceofextrafovealtraction,5-9monthspost-GLP.GroupB)GLP(s)inDDMEthatdidnotinvolvethemacularcenter(n=6)resultedinimprovedBCVAby1-2linesin2eyes.However,thecentralmaculabecameinvolvedintheedemaprocessaftertheGLPin3(50%)eyes,associatedwithanemergenceofextrafovealtractioninoneoftheseeyes4monthsfollowingtheGLP.GroupC)GLPfailedinall5eyesassociatedwithcentralERM.GroupD)GLPwasofpartialbenefitin2of6treatedeyeswithmacularcapillarydropout≥2DD.CONCLUSION:EyeswithDDMEthatinvolvedthemacularcenterwerefoundtoachievefavourableoutcomesafterGLP(s)duringmid-termfollow-up,unlesscomplicatedpre-GLPorpost-GLPbyvltreoretinalinterfaceabnormalities,oftenextrafovealtra

  • 标签: extrafoveal TRACTION vitreofoveal TRACTION grid laser