简介：为了从期刊文献的学科属性实现族性检索，为文章的分类统计创造条件，本刊2005起均对具有文献标识码的文章采用《中国图书馆分类法》（第四版）进行分类后。标识分类号文章一般标识1个分类号，多个主题的文章可标识2个或3个分类号；主分类号排在第一位，多个分类号之间应以分号分隔。希望有条件查询的作者在来稿时自行标明中图分类号。

简介：ObjectivesPercutaneousballoonmitralvalvuloplasty(PBMV)isonewaytoimprovetherheumaticmitralstenosis.Howdoestheprocedureworkingravidaandfetusisnotveryclear.WeanalyzedtheeffectsandsafetyofPBMVoperationonpregnantpatientswithsevererheumaticmitralstenosis.MethodsEightpregnantpatientssufferingfromseveremitralstenosisunderwentfacilitatedPBMVoperationwithInoueballoon,andwerefollowedupfor(2.0±1.1)years.Contentsincludedoutcomeofpregnancy,infantgrowth,hemodynamics,echocardiography,cardiacfunction,mitralvalvesreplacementorrepeatvalvuloplasty.ResultsMitralvalvearea(MVA)before,oneweekandoneyearafterfacilitatedPBMVwere(0.84±0.21)cm2,(1.69±0.23)cm2and(1.51±0.24)cm2respectively.Thetransmitralpressuregradientdroppedfrom(22.1±4.7)mmHgto(9.9±3.1)mmHg(P<0.001)(1mmHg=0.133kPa).AfterfacilitatedPBMV,allpatientsshowedremarkableimmediatesymptomaticandhemodynamicimprovementwithoutseveremitralregurgitation.AllofthesepatientscouldmaintainNewYorkheartassociation(NYHA)ⅠorⅡfor(2.0±1.1)yearsaftertheoperation.TwopatientsdemandedinducedabortionconcerningabouttheteratogeniceffectofX-rayonfetus.Alltheothersixpatientscontinuedtheirgestationandhadfull-termcesareansectionwithoutcomplications.Theirnewbornsdevelopedhealthyandnormallytillnow.ConclusionsFacilitatedPBMVisafeasible,safeandeffectivedeviceforselectedpregnantpatientswithmitralstenosis.Theoperationiswelltoleratedbythefetus.

简介：Sex-specificdifferencesintheepidemiologyandpathophysiologyofcoronaryarterydiseaseandischemicheartdiseasearenowwellrecognized.Womenwithanginamoreoftenhavenonobstructivecoronaryarterydisease(NOCAD)comparedwithmen.Thispatientpopulationcarriesasignificantriskoffuturecardiovasculareventsthatisnotcommonlyappreciated,oftenleadingtodelayeddiagnosisandtreatment.WhilecoronarymicrovasculardysfunctionplaysacentralroleinthepathophysiologyofNOCADinwomen,othermechanismsofmyocardialischemiaarenowrecognized.RiskfactorssuchashypertensionandobesitydisparatelyaffectwomenandarelikelytoaccountforasignificantproportionofNOCADinthecomingyears.VascularinflammationisanimportantpathophysiologicpathwayinNOCADandisapotentialtherapeutictarget.CoronaryCTangiographyprovidesacomprehensiveassessmentofcoronaryanatomyandplaquemorphologyandisareasonablescreeningtestofchoiceforNOCAD.

简介：

简介：backgroundIn-hospital(IH)mortalityforpatientsunderwentpercutaneouscoronaryintervention(PCI)inourcenterfrom1994to2004was1.01%(33/3252).ThePCIvolumeinourstateincreasedquicklyduringthelastfewyears,sodiditinourcenter.MethodsandResultsWeretrospectivelyscreenedatotalof3274caseswhounderwentPCIin2009,amongwhich24(0.73%,P=0.22vs.1994-2004)IHdeathoccurred.Analysisofthese24casesrevealedthatallofthemwerediagnosedasacutecoronarysyndrome(ACS),andhadtheindicationofPCI.Fifteen(63%)carriedachanceof≥10%todieinhospitalaccordingtoGRACEmodel.Significantleft-main(LM)and/ortriple-vesseldisease(TVD)weredefinedin21(88%)cases.SYNTAXscoreswere≥23in15(63%)and≥33in12(50%)cases.CompleterevascularizationwithPCIwasfulfilledinonly5(21%)cases.Myocardialischemiaorheartfunctioncouldn'timprovebyPCIwasthemostfrequentcauseofdeath,whichcontributedtothatof11(46%)cases.Cardiacruptureoccurredinallofthe4patientswithSTelevatedacutemyocardialinfarction(STE-AMI)involvinginferiorventricularwallbut'reserved'anteriorwall,andcontributedmainlytotheirmortality.ConclusionsPost-PCIIHmortalityhasmaintainedlowinourcenter.ItmostlikelyoccursinpatientswithACS.Themajorcauseofdeathisthatmyocardialischemiacouldn'timprovebyPCI,exceptforpatientswithinferiorbutnoanteriormyocardialinfarction,whosufferfromcardiacruptureinstead.

简介：ObjectivesToquantitativelyanalyzethelongitudinalmyocardialsystolicanddiastolicvelocitiesandtimeintervalsoftheleftventricleinnormalsubjects,andtoexplorethevalueofpulsedDopplertissueimaging(DTI)fortheassessmentofleftventricularsystolicanddiastolicsynchronicity.MethodsTwentyandsixhealthysubjectswerestudiedbypulsedDTI.Theseptalandlateral,anteriorandinferiorwallsoftheleftventricleweredisplayedrespectively,andbasalandmiddlesegmentsofeachwallwereselectedformyocardialmotionspectrumsampling.DTIparameterswere;peaksystolicmyocardialvelocity(s),regionalpre-ejectionperiod(PEP),timetothepeakofswave(Ts),regionalejectiontime(ET);peakearlydiastolicvelocity(e),peaklatediastolicvelocity(a),e/aratio,timetothebeginningofewave(QE),timetothepeakofewave(Te)andregionalisovolumicrelaxationtime(IVRT).ResultsTheeande/aweresignificantlydifferentamongbasalsegments,andsande/aweresignificantlydifferentamongmiddlesegments,withthehighestvalueinlateralsegmentsandthelowestvalueinseptalsegments.Thes,eandawereallsignificandyhigherinbasalsegmentsthanmiddlesegments.Noneofthesystolictimeintervals(PEP,TsandET)anddiastolictimeintervals(QE,TeandIVRT)weresignificantlydifferentamongbasalsegmentsandmiddlesegments,neitherweretheywhenbasalsegmentwascomparedwithmiddlesegment.ConclusionsInnormalsubjects,thelongitudinalmyocardialsystolicanddiastolicvelocitiesoftheleftventriclearenothomogeneous,butthecontractionandrelaxationarehighlysynchronized.PulsedDTIcanbeusedtoquantitativelyanalyzethesystolicanddiastolicsynchronicityoftheheart.

简介：目的对比观察Firebird2TM药物洗脱支架和Excel药物洗脱支架治疗冠心病的长期疗效和安全性。方法纳入97例植入药物洗脱支架的冠心病患者,Firebird2TM支架组（52例）和Excel支架组（45例）,分别于2014年12月15日-2014年12月25日对患者进行随访,平均随访时间35.95±15.99月。结局变量包括主要不良心血管事件（MACE,全因死亡、致死性心肌梗死、靶血管血运重建）和次要终点事件（心功能分级）。结果入组患者的平均年龄69.16岁,男性比例59.78%,两组患者的基线情况、入院时诊断、植入支架的直径和长度、冠状动脉病变情况、术前实验室检查项目比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。随访后Firebird2TM支架组患者致死性心肌梗死1例,靶血管血运重建1例,全因死亡3例;EXCEL支架组患者致死性心肌梗死5例,靶血管血运重建3例,全因死亡5例,MACE发生两组组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论Excel药物洗脱支架长期治疗效果不优于Firebird2TM药物洗脱支架。

简介：BackgroundAnimalmodelsofmyocardialinfarction(MI)havebeenwidelyusedtostudythepathologicalandphysiologicalchangesthatoccurinMI,andtoobjectivelyevaluatetheefficacyofnewtreatments.Theyareanimportanttoolinthisprocedure.However,themortalityrateofMIanimalmodelshassofarbeenhigherthaninreal-lifesituations.Theaimofthisstudywastoexploretheuseofamodifiedretrogradetractiontrachealintubation(MRTI)methodforincreasingthesuccessrateofMImodelsinrats.MethodsSixtymaleSprague-Dawleyratswereusedintheexperiment.UsingtheMRTImethodofartificialairwaygeneration,weestablishedtheMImodelbyligationoftheleftanteriordescendingbranchofthecoronaryartery.WeanalyzedtheeffectsofMRTI,theuseoflidocaine,operativedetails,nursingconsiderationsduringtheoperation,andpost-operativefactorsonthesuccessrateoftheMImodelinrats.ResultsThesuccessrateofgeneratinganMImodelinratscanbesignificantlyincreasedusingthefollowingmethods:1)SettinguptheartificialairwaythroughtheuseofMRTIbyusingasingle-lumencentralvenouscatheter;2)Selectingaligationsite2mmbelowthemidpointoftheconnectionbetweentheleftatrialappendageandthepulmonarycone;3)Addingadropoflidocainetothesurfaceofthehearttoslowdowntheheartrate,maketheoperationeasiertoperform,andpreventarrhythmiaspostoperatively;4)Clearingupairwaysecretionstimelybothintraandpostoperatively;5)Makingsurethatratsareinawarmstatebothintraandpostoperatively;6)Preventingwoundinfection.ConclusionsUseoftheMRTImethodcanquicklyestablishanartificialairwayinrats.Intraoperativeuseoflidocaine,selectingaprecisevascularligationsite,andappropriatecarebothintraandpostoperativelycanincreasethesuccessrateofMImodelgeneration.更多还原

简介：BackgroundAcuteinferiorandanteriormyocardialinfarctionoftenleadstorightventricular(RV)functiondecrease.EstimationofRVfunctionischallengingduetothecomplexRVgeometry.Fewstudieshavebeenconductedtoinvestiogatetheeffectsofacutemyocardialinfarction(AMI)onrightventricularfunctions(RVFs).Two-dimensionSpeckleTrackingImaging(STI)isanovelmethodthatallowsforasegmentbasedmeasurementofmyocardialdeformationandmayhavethepotentialtoquantifyRVdysfunctionmorepreciselythantheconventionalparametersofRVfunction.Therefore,inthisstudyweanalyzedtheRVfunctioninAMIpatientsbyusingthisnoveltechnique.MethodsThirty-fourpatientswithacuteinferiormyocardialinfarction(AIMI),31patientswithacuteanteriormyocardialinfarction(AAMIand30agematchedhealthyindividualswereenrolledforthestudy.2Dspeckletrackingimaging(STI)wasusedtoobtain2Dimagingattheapicalfour-chamberviewunderrestcondition.Peaksystolicstrainsandstrainratesofallsegmentsinrightventricularfreewallwereanalyzed.ResultsComparedtothenormalcontrolgroup,longitudinalpeaksystolicstrain(ε),strainrate(SRs),earlydiastolicstrainrate(SRe)andlatediastolicstrainrate(SRa)inallsegmentsofrightventricularfreewallweresignificantlylowerinAMIpatients.ε,SRs,SReandSRaofeachsegmentofRVintheAIMIgroupweredecreasedsignificantlythanthoseofthenormalcontrolgroup(P<0.05).ε,SRs,SReandSRaofeachsegmentofRVintheAAMIgroupwerelowerthantheseinthecontrolgroup.ExceptforbasalsegmentalSRa,thereweresignificantdifferencesamongotherparameters(P<0.05).ConclusionsRVFsareimpairedinAMIpatients.RVFscouldbeaccuratelyandsensitivelyassessedwithSTI.

简介：摘要目的探讨鱼骨图分析法在护理不良事件管理中的应用。方法通过用鱼骨图分析法分析12例护理案例,讲述鱼骨图的具体实施方法。结论运用鱼骨图分析法进行护理不良事件管理,能有效降低护理不良事件的发生。

简介：小桥流水人家，风景这边独好，欢迎您到天然大“氧吧”疗养院（广州市第十一人民医院）。

简介：目的评价床边超声心动图在房间隔缺损（ASD）封堵术中的临床应用。方法25例ASD适合介入封堵的病人,术中床边超声心动图测量ASD最大直径,与测量球囊测量ASD直径比较,指导封堵器封堵、释放等过程,并观察有无残余分流及封堵器是否影响周围结构功能。结果25例患者ASD直径床边超声心动图测量值为（20.52±1.53）mm,球囊导管测量值为（21.41±1.52）mm,二者差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。25例患者全部一次堵闭成功,术后即刻超声心动图检查无残余分流,各瓣膜无病理性返流或原有返流加重,上、下腔静脉回流正常。结论床边超声心动图在ASD封堵术中能准确估测ASD直径,指导封堵过程,监测有无并发症发生,在ASD封堵术中具有重要指导作用。

简介：目的研究6小时内到达医院就诊的急性脑梗死患者未进行溶栓治疗的原因及对策。方法通过回顾性调查,对院内发生的或6小时内到院的急性脑梗死患者未进行溶栓治疗的原因统计,并对原因进行对策分析。结果174例缺血性脑卒中患者在发病6小时内到达医院就诊,42例接受溶栓治疗,占24.41%。溶栓患者平均到院时间（4.00±1.61）小时。发病6小时内就诊的132例脑梗死患者未接受溶栓治疗,其原因有醒后卒中,完成评估后超过时间窗,患方拒绝或犹豫,严重神经功能缺损,年龄不符等。结论加强对醒后卒中的研究,加强公众对脑卒中的了解,优化院内卒中流程,更新我国溶栓指南等有助于提高脑梗死溶栓治疗比例。

简介：目的：对高血压超声心动图的结果进行探讨与分析。方法抽取2011年5月到2013年5月我院收治的高血压患者120例，所有患者均实施超声心动图进行检查，并将其设为分析组。选取同期正常健康人员80例作为对照组，观察患者的二尖瓣血流频谱结果。结果分析组的二尖瓣血流频谱出现异常，在A峰速以及A/E值上，分析组要显著高于健康对照组（P＜0.05）；在E峰速度上，分析组要低于健康对照组（P＜0.05）；在左房内径上，分析组要显著高于健康对照组（P＜0.05），而两组在室壁厚度上变化不明显（P＞0.05）。结论通过超声心动图来检查高血压患者能够及早对其功能改变进行发现，这对于疾病发展的控制和临床治疗有着非常重要的意义。

简介：《今日医学要闻》报道，在欧洲超声心动图协会会议上，两组研究人员报道，“无需磁共振成像（MRI）进行诊断，单纯采用超声心动图测量左心室应变便可判断由心肌梗塞引起的心脏损伤范围”。其中一项研究表明，与肌钙蛋白高峰浓度作为粗略估计以及MRI诊断作为参考相比，超声心动图3D斑点追踪周向应变可独立预测梗塞面积，而第二项来自保加利亚的研究表明，超声心动图2D斑点纵向应变是梗塞面积最佳的预测指标，虽然周向应变和径向应变也显著相关。

简介：目的评价ST-T改变与超声心动图(UCG)检查结果.方法对180例患者常规12导联记录ST-T改变进行统计分析,并与UCG检查对比.结果ST-T改变者中89例(49.4%)UCG示室间隔与左室后壁节段性运动减低,有的丧失运动或收缩期增厚;15例(8.3%)示主动脉硬化,主动脉内径增宽,运动僵硬,重搏波消失;9例(5%)示主动脉瓣钙化,回声增强,5例(2.78%)示左室腔假腱索;余72例未显示主动脉及心内结构异常.结论UCG比心电图对心肌缺血更敏感,室壁运动异常是心肌缺血的唯一指标.

简介：的探讨胎儿实时三维超声心动图（RT-3DE）在胸腹联胎产前诊断中的影像学特征。方法选取我院2014年1月至2015年1月经产前超声筛查出的对称性胸腹联胎5例，行胎JLs．维超声心动图（2DE）及胎儿实时三维超声心动图检测。RT-3DE选择3Dcropping、xPlane任意平面成像及3D-Beats模式，多切面、多方位、多角度观察胎儿心脏。结果5例对称性胸腹联胎均有2个心包，2套心血管系统，其中一个心脏结构正常，另一个为单流入型单心室合并单心房或其他类型非发绀型先天性心脏病。染色体检测多无异常。结论对称性胸腹联胎胎儿超声心动图表现具有特征性，胎儿实时三维超声心动图是联体双胎产前超声诊断的良好补充。

简介：目的探讨经食管超声心动图在二尖瓣成形术中的应用价值。方法术前18例二尖瓣关闭不全患者均常规经胸超声心动图检查，术中经食管超声心动图监测，并即刻评价二尖瓣成形术的效果。结果本组18例中16例一次性手术实施成功。1例术中监测发现反流2级后再次实施成形后成功，1例术中监测发现反流3级后改行二尖瓣置换术。结论经食管超声心动图在二尖瓣成形术中具有非常重要的临床应用价值。

简介：目的：探讨院前急救对电击致心跳呼吸骤停患者救治的意义。方法：选择2002年7月-2014年2月间我市社区健康服务中心收治的因电击伤致心跳呼吸骤停患者85例,探讨院前急救不同因素对复苏成功率、出院存活率的影响。结果：全组心跳呼吸骤停患者经院前急救后,心跳、呼吸恢复者21例（24.7%）,患者存活并出院者13例（15.3%）。年龄高于60岁的高电压击伤的复苏成功率、出院存活率有所降低,但与〈60岁组与低电压击伤组比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）,电击后至行心肺复苏急救的时间〈5min的患者的复苏成功率、出院存活率最高,且随着施救时间的延长（〈5min,5-11min,11-16min,〉16min）,复苏成功率（58.33%比31.58%比8.00%比0%）、出院存活率（58.33%比15.79%比0%比0%）显著降低（P〈0.05或〈0.01）。结论：及早进行心肺复苏等院前急救措施,能够有效改善电击致心跳呼吸骤停患者的预后。

简介：目的：探讨超声心动图在心脏疾病中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析在我院治疗的78例经胸外超声诊断为心脏疾病患者，分析心脏疾病确诊前的超声心动图诊断与最终确诊的符合率，观察超声心动图在心脏疾病中的诊断价值。结果78例经胸外超声诊断为心脏疾病患者，有70例患者的诊断与最终诊断相符，诊断符合率为89.74％，其中对高血压心脏病诊断符合率为41.03％；先天性心脏病诊断符合率为30.76％；心肌梗死性疾病诊断符合率为17.95％。结论胸外超声心动图对心脏疾病的诊断具有重要意义，特别是对高血压性心脏病的诊断价值较高。