简介：Aseriesof9soilsamplesweretakenatatimbertreatmentsiteinSWFrancewhereCusulphateandchromatedcopperarsenate(CCA)havebeenusedaswoodpreservatives(SitesP1toP9)andonesoilsamplewascollectedatanadjacentsiteonthesamesoiltype(SiteP10).Copperwasamajorcontaminantinalltopsoils,varyingfrom65(SoilP5)to2600mgCukg-1(SoilP7),exceedingbackgroundvaluesforFrenchsandysoils.AsandCrdidnotaccumulateinsoil,exceptatSiteP8(52mgAskg-1and87mgCrkg-1)whereCCA-treatedpostswerestacked.Soilecotoxicitywasassessedwithbioassaysusingradish,lettuce,slugArionrufusL.,andearthwormDendrobaenaoctaedra(Savigny).Thereweresignificantlydifferencesinlettucegerminationrate,lettuceleafyield,radishrootandleafyields,slugherbivory,andearthwormavoidance.Anadditionalbioassayshowedhighernegativeimpactsonbeanshootandrootyields,RhizobiumnodulecountsonBeanroots,andguaiacolperoxidaseactivityinprimaryBeanleavesforsoilfromSiteP7,withandwithoutfertilisation,thanforsoilfromSiteP10,despitebothsoilshavingasimilarvalueforcomputedfreeionCu2+activityinthesoilsolution(pCu2+).BeansgrowninsoilfromSiteP7thathadbeenfertilisedshowedelevatedfoliarCucontentandphytotoxicsymptoms.SoilsfromSitesP7(treatmentplant)andP6(storageoftreatedutilitypoles)hadthehighestecotoxicity,whereassoilfromSiteP10(highorganicmattercontentandcationexchangecapacity)hadthelowest.ExceptatSiteP10,thesoilfactorpCu2+computedwithsoilpHandtotalsoilCucouldbeusedtopredictsoilecotoxicity.

简介：以便在不同agro生态的地区在农田上测量灰尘的滋养的输入，非洲西部十二月至三月所吹的寒冷干燥北风灰尘被地席在在20022006之间的迦纳与塑料稻草取样。由在迦纳的非洲西部十二月至三月所吹的寒冷干燥北风灰尘的全部的营养素的输入每非洲西部十二月至三月所吹的寒冷干燥北风时期是大约12kgCa哈1,0.52kgK哈1,0.51.5kgMg哈1和不到0.5kgP哈1。与由降水的营养素的年度输入相比，灰尘Ca，Mg和K，但是近似占了10%或少些P的20%40%。，由灰尘的营养素的输入在区域为有植被的区域仅仅是有效的与没有或稀少的植被，由于风侵蚀并且在此，营养素的损失可能是的土壤的损失重要。在有赤裸、生长的地的农田区域，似乎是营养素的内部再分配和从在区域(远程的搬运灰尘)外面的营养素的并非网获得。当Ca，Mg和K的另外的三营养素的输入是那么低的他们必须被认为不足道时，由灰尘的P的输入可能具有在传统的变耕作系统的某重要性。在有粪肥和化肥的巨大的输入的集中的农业系统，由灰尘的滋养的输入是不足道的并且能被忽视。

简介：Mineralogical,physicalandchemicalanalysesofthesoilsderivedfromXiashuloesswerecarriedout.Theprimarymineralsofthesesoilswerefoundtobemainlycomposedoflightminerals,suchasquartz,feldsparandmica,withtracesofheavyminerals.Clayminerals,morecomplicateincomposition,weredominatedbyhydromica,accompaniedbysmectite,vermiculite,chlorite,kaolinite,2:1/1:1randomlyinterstratifiedmineralsandsmallamountsofquartz,goethite,lepidocrociteandhematite,Claymineralswerecharacterizedbylowcrystallinityandfineparticlesize.Inlightofthequartz/feldsparsratioofthe0.01-0.05mmsiltfraction,andtheclaymineralcomposition,thefreenessofironoxide,andthesilica/sesquioxideandsilica/aluminaratiosin<0.002mmclayfraction,itisconcludedthattheweatheringintensityofthesesoilswaslowerthanthoseofredsoilandyellowearth,buthigherthanthatofbrownearth,andthatthesoilallitization,depotassicationandhydroxylationofclaymineralsincreasedfromwesttoeastandfromnorthtosouthgeographically.However,thisgeneraltendencedidnotcoincideexactlywiththegradualalterationofthegeographiccoordinates,andinsomeplaces,areversetendencyalsoappeared,whichcouldbeattributedtotheinfluenceofsomesoilformingfactorssuchasparentmaterialandmicrotopography.

简介：在自然地充实Zn的土壤的Zn的长期的再分配基于集体平衡计算在成土作用期间被确定。根据他们的命运，父母石灰石包括了三个Zn水池：方解石和黄铁矿闪锌矿谷物一定、phyllosilicates一定、在继承磷酸盐小瘤的goethite一定。四个pedological过程，即，碳酸盐溶解，氧化还原作用过程和淋滤作用的二个阶段，在成土作用期间再分配Zn。释放Zn绑了在方解石进土壤答案的石灰石的碳酸盐溶解。由于剩余丰富，在土壤的Zn集中比在父母石灰石的那些高。Birnessite，在土壤地平线驱散的ferrihydrite和goethite在他们的形成期间套住Zn的高数量。以后，主要氧化还原作用条件导致了Zn和Fe的版本进土壤答案，和Fe和Mn的随后的individualization进Zn富有的凝固物。过程和凝固物的随后的老化通过底部水桌子形成了Zn的导致的重要出口。第二等的氧化还原作用条件支持了在水泥和凝固物捱过Fe和Mn氧化物。这个过程在一张上面的水桌子通过侧面的出口引起了Zn的另外的损失。附随地，淋滤作用发生在顶那么亮度。通过上面的水桌子的eluviated矿物质的侧面的出口限制了淀积作用。淋滤作用也是负责的因为Zn损失，而是到phyllosilicates的这Zn界限不是可得到的简历。

简介：Hydrolyzedleather,obtainedfromindustrialleatherwaste,isanorganicnitrogenousfertilizerwithahighchromium(Cr)content.SoybeancropscanbeadverselyaffectedbythepresenceofresidualCrinsoilafterapplicationofhydrolyzedleatherfertilizer.TheaimofthisworkwastoassesstheeffectofhydrolyzedleatheronCrabsorption,rootdevelopment,andsymbioticnodulationofsoybeanplantsgrownonthreedifferentsoilsincludingtwoLixisolsandaGleysol.Thesesoilswerepreviouslyfertilizedwithhydrolyzedleatheratthreedifferentrates(0.0,0.1,and0.8kgm-2).Soybeanshootheight,rootdevelopment,nodulation,andmineralnutrientconcentrationsinplanttissuesweredeterminedafter45dofcropgrowth.TheapplicationofhydrolyzedleathersignificantlyincreasedCrcontentinsoilandCruptakebyplants.Surprisingly,Crwasstoredmainlyintheaerialpartoftheplants.ThepresenceofCrhadanadverseimpactonshootdrymatter(41%reduction)andnumberofnodules(49%reduction)perplantgrownonthesoilwiththelowestcationexchangecapacity.However,noothersignificanteffectwasobservedinnoduleweight,diameter,oranyothermeasuredparameters.

简介：SomefarmlandsoilsinShanghaihadhighsalinitylevels,suggestingsecondarysalinizationofthesoils.ThesoilproblemsinShanghaiwerestudied,includingthesalinityandnitratenitrogen(NO-3-N)concentrations,heavymetalpollutioncharacteristics,andorganochlorinepesticide(OCP)residuallevelsandpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbon(PAH)contents.AccumulationofNO-3-Ninvegetablesoilswasthemostsignificantamongdifferentfunctionalsoils.Heavymetalpollutionwassignificantinthesamplescollectedfromthesewage-irrigatedlandandroadside.TheidentificationofthemetalsourcesthroughmultivariatestatisticalanalysisindicatedthatPb,Zn,CuandCrinurbansoilswerefromthetrafficpollutants;excessiveapplicationoffertilizerandirrigationwerethemainreasonsforthemetalpollutioninagriculturalsoils;Niintheobservedsoilswascontrolledbyparentsoils.OCPscouldstillbedetectedinfarmlandsoilsbutdegradedgreatlyinlast20yearsafterprohibitionoftheirusage.PAHswith2-3ringswerethemaincomponentsinindustrialsoils.TheconcentratedPAHsintheinvestigatedsoilswerelikelyfrompetroleumandcoalcombustion.

简介：Polyepoxysuccinicacid(PESA),asanenvironmentalbenignbiodegradablechelant,wasusedtoremoveheavymetalsfromthesewagesludgeofShanghaiTaopuWastewaterTreatmentPlant.Theextractionofcadmium(Cd)fromsewagesludgeusingaqueoussolutionofPESAwasstudied.ItwasfoundthatPESAwascapableofextractingCdfromthesludge,andtheextractioneffciencywasdependentonbothpHandtheconcentrationofthechelatingreagent.TheextractioneffciencydecreasedgraduallywithincreasingofpH,whereasthedependencyonpHdecreasedastheconcentrationofPESAincreased.InthecaseofthehighPESAtototalmetalratio,e.g.,10:1,theextractioneffciencyreachedabove70%withinthepHrangefrom1to7.Thehighestextractioneffciencyobtainedintheexperimentwas78%.Bycomparingthecontentsoftheheavymetalsinsewagesludgebeforeandaftertheextraction,itwasfoundthattheextractedCdcamemainlyfromthefourfractions:acid-soluble,reducible,oxidizable,andwater-solublefractions.

简介：Elovich,two-constant,parabolicdiffusion,exponential,second-order,first-orderandzero-orderequationswereusedtodescribethekineticcharacteristicsofpotassiumdesorptionfromsixpaddysoilsofZhejiangProvinceinaconstantelectricfield(44.4V/cm)ofEUF.Resultsshowedthatthesecond-orderandElovichequationscoulddescribethepotassiumdesorptionkineticsbest,asevidencedbythehighestcorrelationcoefficients(r)andtheloweststandarderrors(SE).Thefirst-order,two-constantandparabolicdiffusionequationsalsodescribedtheKdesorptionkineticswell,asshowedbytherelativelyhighcorrelationcoefficientsandrelativelylowstandarderrors.Thezero-orderequationdidnotdescribetheKdesorptionsatisfactorilywitharelativelylowcorrelationcoefficientandrelativelyhighstandarderror.However,theexponentialequationcouldnotbeusedtodescribetheKdesorptionkinetics,duetothelowestcorrelationcoefficientandthehigheststandarderror.

简介：Toevaluatetheeffectofvegetativefilterstripsonsedimenttrapping,thespatialdistributionofdepositedsediment,andthesizedistributionofdepositedparticlesfromhyperconcentratedflows,asimulatedgrassfilterstripexperimentwasconductedwithplasticgrassusinganadjustableslopesteelflume.Thesimulatedvegetationcoverwas36%,andtheinflowsedimentconcentrationsappliedwere147,238,320,and429kgm~(-3).Thesedimentconcentrationintheoutflow,andthesedimentparticlesizeweredetermined.Theresultsshowedthatthegrassfilterstripstrappedmostofthesedimentfrominflowatlowsedimentconcentration.Thedepositionefficiencydecreasedwithincreasingsedimentconcentration,being55.2%and15.7%inthe147and429kgm~(-3)sedimenttreatments,respectively.Mostofthedepositedsedimentsweredistributedintheupperflume.Inaddition,thegrassfilterstripsmainlytrappedthecoarsesediment(particlesize>10μm).

简介：Twenty-threeprogressiveextractionswereperformedtostudyindividualhumicacids(Has)andhuminfractionsfromatypicalblacksoil(Mollisol)inHeilongjiangProvince,Chinausingelementalanalysisandspectroscopictechniques.After23HAextractionstheresiduewasseparatedintohighandloworganiccarbonhuminfractions.HAyieldwasthehighestforthefirstextractionandthengraduallydecreasedwithfurtherextractions.Organiccarbon(OC)ofthehuminfractionsaccountedfor58％oftotalOCevenafter23successiveHAextractions.Inaddition,theatomicC/HratiodecreasedduringthecourseofextractionwhileC/Oincreased;theE4/E6ratiofromtheUVanalysisdecreasedwithfurtherextractionwhileE2/Eaincreased;thebandassignedtoaliphaticcarbon(2930cm-1)inthediffusereflectanceinfraredFouriertransformspectroscopy(DRIFTS)spectragraduallyincreasedwithprogressiveextraction;thecalculatedratioofthesumofaromaticcarbonpeakheightstothatofaliphaticcarbonpeakheightsfromDRIFTSspectradeclinedwithextractions;andnuclearmagneticresonance(NMR)datasuggestedthatHAaliphaticcarbonsincreasedwithextractionswhilearomaticcarbonsdecreased.Thus,hydrophobicityandaliphaticityofHasincreasedwithextractionswhilepolarityandaromaticitydecreased.Thesedatashowedsubstantialchemical,structural,andmoleculardifferencesamongthe23Hasandtwohuminfractions.Therefore,theseresultsmayhelpexplainwhysoilandsedimenthuminfractionshavehighsorptioncapacityfororganiccontaminants.

简介：AredsoilderivedfromQuaternaryredclaywasemployedtostudynutrientleachingwithwoilcolumnsrepackedinlaboratory,TheobjectivewastoidentifytheeffectsoffertilizationpracticesonleachingpatternsandmagnitudesofCa^2+,Mg^2+,K^+,NH4^+,andNO3^-,ThetreatmentswereCK(asacontrol),CaCO3,CaSO4,MgCO3,Ca(H2PO4)2,urea,KCl,andmultiple(amixtureoftheabove-mentionedfertilizers),Thefertilizerswereaddedtothebaresurfaceofthesoilcolumns,andthenthecolumnswereleachedwith120mLdeionizedwaterdailythroughperistalticpumpsoveraperiodof92days.LeachingprocessesofNH4^+,andNO3^-wereonlymeasuredinCK,ured,andmultipletreatmentswhichweredirectlyrelatedtoNleaching,ResultsshowedthatsoleapplicationofCaSO4,andCa(H2PO4)2scarcelyhdanyeffectonthelechinglossesofCa^2+,Mg^2+,andK^+;theapplicationofMgCO3sthimulatedtheleachingofMg^2+;theapplicationofCaCO3promotedtheleachingofCa^2+,Mg^2+andK^+;ureatreatmentalsopromotedtheleachingofK^+andNH4^+,andNO3^-leachingmainlyoccurredatlatestageofleachingprocessinparticular;underKCltreatment,leachingofCa^2+,Mg^2+,andK^+waspromotedtoalargeextent;undermultipletreatment,leachingofCa^2+,Mg^2+,K^+,NH4^+,andNO3^-wasallincreasedandNO3^-wasmainlyleachedattheendofleachingprocessandstillhadatrendofincrease.

简介：因为快速的都市化和工业化，在仙子城市的区域的蔬菜地在中国收到大量体外的重金属。在30的Cu，Zn，和Pb的集中玷污样品和32件蔬菜样品，在中国的南部的江苏省从30个不同地点收集了，被测量，他们到蔬菜的从土壤的转移被决定。结果证明土壤样品有pH的宽范围(4.257.85)并且电的电导率(EC)(0.243.42dSm?1)。在土壤样品之中，有四件土壤样品和比那些在中国土壤指定环境优秀标准II包含更高的Zn集中的二件土壤样品，包含更高的Cu。然而，没有蔬菜样品被发现包含Cu或Zn的高水平。相反，一件蔬菜样品包含了0.243mgPbkg?1FW，在中国食物卫生标准上面，而相应土壤Pb集中比汉语低，玷污环境优秀标准II。所有蔬菜样品的Cu的转移系数超过了建议系数范围，暗示体外的Cu有到蔬菜的高活动性和简历可获得性。在可引出的土壤之间没有重要关联有四种提炼之物和土壤pH的重金属集中，EC，在蔬菜和土壤的重金属集中除了土壤pH与1.0摩尔L与可引出的土壤Cu，Zn，和Pb集中相关很好之外?1NH4NO3。而且，diethylenetriaminepentaacetic酸(DTPA)抽取方法比另外的三个方法使用是从土壤pH和EC的土壤独立人士提取重金属的一个更有效的方法。

简介：

简介：Landscapechangesweretracedoverthe20yearsfrom1974to1995intheupperMinjiangRiverbasin,oneofthemostimportantforestregionsinChina,basedonsatelliteimageinterpretationtoprovidebasicdataforlocaldecision-makingaswellassustainablelandscapeuseandmanagement.Resultsrevealedthatlandscapefrom1974to1995changedattheregionalscaleastheareaofforestlanddecreased,whilecropland,shrubland,economicforest,grassland,andbuilt-uplandincreased.Landscapechangesmainlyoccurredinforestland,shrubland,grassland,economicforest,andbuilt-upland.Moreover,thechangesamongforestland,shrubland,andgrasslandwerethelargest,influencingthewholecharacteristicsofthechangesinthebasin.Analysisofthechangesbetween1974and1995inthestudyareaindicatedthatlandscapeheterogeneityandfragmentationincreased,whereaslandscapeconnectivitydecreased.Thereweremultiplereasonsforlandscapechanges.Aprincipalcomponentanalysis(PCA)wasusedtoquantitativelystudydrivingforcesoflandscapechanges.ThePCAresultsshowedthateconomicandpopulationfactorsweretheprincipaldrivingforcesoflandscapechangesfrom1974to1995intheupperMinjiangRiverbasin,andthatPCAwasasuitablemethodforinvestigatingdrivingforcesoflandscapechanges.

简介：硫的稳定的同位素的分析(34S)是为在土壤识别硫的来源的一个有用工具。水溶性的硫酸盐(WSS)的集中和硫(S)同位素，吸附的硫酸盐(作为)，剩余硫(RS)，和在四个中国省的无教养的表面土壤的全部的硫(TS)系统地为在土壤识别S的来源被分析。格林和健康苔藓(Haplocladiummicrophyllum)作为bioindicators被取样。吝啬的WSS集中(27.8±在表面土壤的23.4mgkg−1)是比那些低的作为(101.4±57.0mgkg−1)和RS(381.5±256.7mgkg−1)。吝啬的34WSS并且作为的S价值是很类似的(大约2.0%)，RS(8.0%)和TS(6.1%)比那些降低。重要线性关联在34S价值作为并且WWS(y=1.0002x–0.0557，P<0.0001)，在土壤显示那硫酸盐吸附显著地分别S。在贵州省的土壤的所有S种类被最低34S价值，与大多数34弄空S的雨水硫酸盐在贵州的Guiyang报导了省。34在以前报导的苔藓和雨水的硫酸盐的S值线性地显著地WWS并且作为在表面土壤与那些被相关，建议那大气的S输入是为土壤WSS并且作为的重要来源。然而，在雨水硫酸盐和RS或TS的同位素的作文之间没有重要关联。所有这些重要线性关联的斜坡(土壤/雨水或土壤/苔藓同位素的比率)是0.4–0.6，在表面土壤显示那无机的硫酸盐应该是与更多的34弄空S的硫酸盐部件可能从RS的矿化作用。

简介：Afieldexperiment,involvinglimeN(calciumcyanamide,CaCN2)fertilizationasacontrolmeasure,wasconductedtostudyenvironmentalproblemsinducedbylong-termheavyNapplicationinJapaneseteafields.Long-termteacultivationcausedserioussoilacidification.Seventy-sevenpercentofthe70teafieldsinvestigatedhadsoilpHvaluesbelow4.0,and9%below3.0,withthelowestvalueof2.7.Moreover,excessNapplicationinteafieldsputathreattoplantgrowth,inducedseriousnitratecontaminationtolocalwater,andcausedhighnitrousoxideloss.ComparedwiththeconventionalhighNapplicationtreatment(1100kgNha-1)withoutlimeN,thelowNapplication(400kgNha-1)withcalciumcyanamideeffectivelystoppedsoilacidificationaswellasachievedthesameorslightlyhigherlevelsinteayieldandintotalNandaminoacidcontentsofteashoots.Theapplicationofcalciumcyanamidecouldbeasuitablefertilizationforthepreventionofenvironmentalproblemsinteacultivation.

简介：ThedistributionandtransformationofaddedandnativeNiinpurplesoilswereinvestigatedwithbothsequentialextractionprocedureandisotopictracertechnique.ThedistributionofaddedandnativeNiwasgreatlydependentonsoilproperties.LowsoilpHwasfavorableforsolubleplusexchangeable(EX)Fraction,whileFe/MnoxidesandclayforFe/Mnoxidebound(OX)andresidual(RES)fractions.TheaddedNi,however,hasnotyetreachedthedistributionequilibriumuptothe150thdayafterincubation.ThiswasreflectedinthefactthattheproportionofEXfractionfromaddedNiwas150%-600%asmuchasthatofnativeNi,whilethatofRESfractionwasonlyabout80%,Onceenteringsoil,theappliedsolubleNiwasrapidlytransformedintootherfractions,buttheorganiccomplexe(OM)fractionofaddedNiwasrelativelystableduringincubation.Thecarbonatebound(CAB)fractionshowedaprogressiveincreaseandattainedapeakvalueafter0-14dofincubationandthereafterdecreasedgradually.TheoccurrencetimeofthispeakadvancedasinitialsoilpHincreased.butthepeakwoulddisappearwheninitialsoilpHwashigherthan7.5(orcontainingfreeCaCO3).ThetransformationprocessesoftheEX,OXandRESfractionscouldbedescribedbyElovichandtwo-constantrateequations,andtheratewerepositivelycorrelatedwithsoilpH,CECandclay.ThesefindingcouldexplainwhytherearedifferencesinecologicalandenvironmentaleffectsofNiindifferentsoilsandatvariousintervals.

简介：Theobjectivesofthisstudyweretooptimizeinstrumentalparametersandconditionsforanalysisofselectedorganophosphoruspesticides(OPPs)bygaschromatography(GC)withnitrogen-phosphorusdetection(NPD)(GC-NPD);toselectanappropriatesolventsystem;toconductacomparisonofsonicationandshakingextractions;andtoselectanappropriateprocedureforextractingorganophosphoruspesticidesfromsoils.ProcedureⅠconsistedofn-hexaneorpetroleumethertogetherwithacetoneusedassolvents,whileProcedureⅡcontainedseveralsolventsincludingacetone,methanol,dichloromethane,andn-hexaneorpetroleumether.Experimentalresultsindicatedthatamixtureofpetroleumether/acetone(2:1,v/v)couldbeusedinplaceofn-hexane/acetone(2:1,v/v)asitwasalessexpensivesolventsystem.Inaddition,shakingunderawaterbathat20℃wasmoreeffectivethansonication.Also,ProcedureⅠwasmoreeffective,safer,andmoretimesavingthanProcedureⅡ.ProcedureIwasappliedtothreesoiltypesofdifferentorganicmattercontent,withrecoveriesoftheOPPsfromtheyellow-brownsoils,whichhadahigherorganicmattercontent,beinglowerthanthosefromtheyellowandredsoils.

简介：Informationaboutthespatialdistributionofsoilattributesisindispensableformanylandresourcemanagementapplications;however,theabilityofsoilmapstosupplysuchinformationformodernmodelingtoolsisquestionable.Theobjectivesofthisstudyweretoinvestigatethepossibilityofpredictingsoildepthusingsometerrainattributesderivedfromdigitalelevationmodels(DEMs)withgeographicinformationsystems(GIS)andtosuggestanapproachtopredictothersoilattributes.Soildepthwasdeterminedat652fieldobservationsovertheAl-MuwaqqarWatershed(70km2)inJordan.Terrainattributesderivedfrom30-mresolutionDEMswereutilizedtopredictsoildepth.Theresultsindicatedthattheuseofmultiplelinearregressionmodelswithinsmallwatershedsubdivisionsenabledthepredictionofsoildepthwithadifferenceof50cmfor77%ofthefieldobservations.Thespatialdistributionofthepredictedsoildepthwasvisuallycoincidedandhadgoodcorrelationswiththespatialdistributionoftheclassesamalgamatingthreeterrainattributes,slopesteepness,slopeshape,andcompoundtopographicindex.Thesesuggestedthatthemodelingofsoil-landscaperelationshipswithinsmallwatershedsubdivisionsusingthethreeterrainattributeswasapromisingapproachtopredictothersoilattributes.

简介：Potassiumchloride,Na-pyrophosphate,CuCl2,NH4-oxalate,dithionit-citrate-bicarbonate(DCB)andNa-citratesolutionswereemployedtoetractaluminum(Al)andiron(Fe)sequentiallyandseparatelyfrom15acidicsoilslocatedattheMangshanMountains,HunanProvince,China,ManyevidencesshowedthatseparatepyrophosphateextractedmainlyKCl-extractableAl,organo-AlcomplexesandsomeinorganicAlcompounds,whereasseparateCuCl2extractedKCl-extractableAlandsomeorgano-Alcomplexes,CuCl2extractedmuchlessamountsofAlthanpyrophosphatedidfromthesoils.SeparateoxalatedidnotextractallKCl-pyrophosphate-CuCl2-oxalateseuentiallyextractableAlandFe,Also,separateDCBdidnotextractallKCl-pyrophosphate-CuCl2-oxalate-DCBsequentiallyextractableAl.TheformsofAlextactedbyoxalateandDCBfromthesoilsweremajorlynoncrystalline.Theinterlayeredmaterialsof1.4-nmintergrademineralsofthesoilswereattributedmainlytohydroxyAlpolymers.