简介：ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＤｉｇｉｔａｌｓｔｒｏｎｇｇｒｏｕｎｄａｃｅｌｅｒａｔｉｏｎｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｉｎｓｔｒｕｍｅｎｔ，ｓｕｃｈａｓＰＤＲ１，ＳＳＡ１ａｎｄＳＳＲ１ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄｂｙＫｉｎｅｍｅｔｒｉｃｓＩｎｃ．，ＵＳＡａｎｄＳＣＱ?..

简介：为了更好吸收，推进了初学者运作垂直更健全(ATOVS)发光数据并且为一个数字模型，提供更精确的起始的领域二个偏爱修正计划被采用改正ATOVS发光数据。在二个计划的差别在空气团偏爱修正躺在预言者使用。在计划1使用的预言者都从模型被获得第一猜测，当在计划2的那些来自第一猜测的模型和发光观察时。从二个计划的结果证明在偏爱修正以后，观察剩余变得对Gaussian分布更小、更靠近。为土地和海洋数据集合，从计划1获得的结果类似于从计划2的那些，它显示预言者能在ATOVS数据的偏爱修正被使用。

简介：Inthecontextoftowermeasuredradiationdatasets.followingthecorrectionprinciplemeetingadiagnosticequationindataqualitycontrolandintermsofatechniqueformodelconstructionondataandANN(artificialneuralnetwork)retrievalforBPcorrectionofradiationmeasurementswithrougherrorsavailable,aBPmodelispresented.Evidencesuggeststhatthedevelopedmodelworkswellandissuperiortoaconvenientmultivariatelinearregressionmodel,indicatingitswideapplications.

简介：Anoptimizationmethodisbasedtodesignasnowfallestimatemethodbyradarforoperationalsnowwarning,anderrorestimationisanalyzedthroughacaseofheavysnowonMarch4,2007.Threemodifiedschemesaredevelopedforerrorscausedbytemperaturechanges,snowflaketerminalvelocity,thedistancefromtheradarandcalculationmethods.Duetotheimprovements,thecorrelationcoefficientbetweentheestimatedsnowfallandtheobservationis0.66(exceedingthe99%confidencelevel),theaveragerelativeerrorisreducedto48.74%,andthemethodisabletoestimateweaksnowfallof0.3mm/handheavysnowfallabove5mm/h.Thecorrelationcoefficientis0.82betweentheestimatedsnowfallfromthestations50to100kmfromtheradarandtheobservation.Theimprovedeffectisweakwhentheinfluenceofthesnowflaketerminalvelocityisconsideredinthosethreeimprovementprograms,whichmayberelatedtotheuniformecho.Theradarestimateofsnow,whichisclassifiedbythedistancebetweenthesampleandtheradar,hasthemostobviouseffect:itcannotonlyincreasethedegreeofsimilarity,butalsoreducetheoverestimateandtheundervaluationoftheerrorcausedbythedistancebetweenthesampleandtheradar.Theimprovedalgorithmfurtherimprovestheaccuracyoftheestimate.Theaveragerelativeerrorsare31%and27%fortheheavysnowfallof1.6to2.5mm/handabove2.6mm/h,respectively,buttheradaroverestimatesthesnowfallunder1.5mm/handunderestimatesthesnowfallabove2.6mm/h.Radarechomaynotbesensitivetotheintensityofsnowfall,andtheconsistencyshownbytheerrorcanbeexploitedtoreviseandimprovetheestimationaccuracyofsnowforecastintheoperationalwork.

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简介：Radio-frequencyinterference(RFI)affectsgreatlythequalityofthedataandretrievalproductsfromspace-bornemicrowaveradiometry.AnalysisoftheAdvancedMicrowaveScanningRadiometerontheEarthObservingSystem(AMSR-E)AquasatelliteobservationsrevealsverystrongandwidespreadRFIcontam-inationsontheC-andX-banddata.Fortunately,thestrongandmoderateRFIsignalscanbeeasilyidentifiedusinganindexonobservedbrightnesstemperaturespectrum.ItistheweakRFIthatisdiffi-culttobeseparatedfromthenaturesurfaceemission.Inthisstudy,anewalgorithmisproposedforRFIdetectionandcorrection.Thesimulatedbrightnesstemperatureisusedasabackgroundsignal(B)andadepartureoftheobservationfromthebackground(O-B)isutilizedfordetectionofRFI.ItisfoundthattheO-Bdeparturecanresultfromeitheranaturalevent(e.g.,precipitationorflooding)oranRFIsignal.AseparationbetweenthenatureeventandRFIisfurtherrealizedbasedonthescatteringindex(SI).ApositiveSIindexandlowbrightnesstemperaturesathighfrequenciesindicateprecipitation.IntheRFIcorrection,arelationshipbetweenAMSR-Emeasurementsat10.65GHzandthoseat18.7or6.925GHzisfirstdevelopedusingtheAMSR-EtrainingdatasetsunderRFI-freeconditions.ContaminationofAMSR-Emeasurementsat10.65GHzisthenpredictedfromtheRFI-freemeasurementsat18.7or6.925GHzusingthisrelationship.ItisshownthatAMSR-EmeasurementswiththeRFI-correctionalgorithmhavebetteragreementwithsimulationsinavarietyofsurfaceconditions.

简介：ByusingobservedCHAMPorbitephemeredesandMSISE-90dryairmodelandregardingtheearthasasphereandanellipsoidrespectively,phasedelaysaresimulatedandthesimulateddataareretrievedunderdifferentschemes.Thecomparisonbetweentheinvertedtemperatureprofilesandthemodeltemperatureprofilesshowsthatbyinvertingobserveddata,wewillgettemperatureresultswithlargeerrorsiftheeffectofEarth'soblatenessisomitted.Thecorrectionmethodisprovedtobeeffectivebecausethetemperatureerrorsdecreasedobviouslywiththismethod.

简介：Onthebasisofasinusoidalmodelofthedisturbedhorizontalacceleration,thespectrumcharacteristicsofmisalignedangleandhorizontalaccelerationcorrectionareanalyzed.Inanairbornegravimetrytest,themisalignedangleofplatformandhorizontalaccelerationcorrectionarecalculated.Theyare5'and3mGal,respectively,whentheflightisstable.

简介：Inthisstudy,thepracticalmethodologiesaredescribedforthedeterminationofthefactorsfortheselfabsorptioneffect(Fs),spectralinterferences(Fcsi),andtruecoincidencesummingeffects(Fcoi),whichareusedindirectgamma-spectrometricmeasurementofradionuclidessuchas210Pb,238U,234Th,226Ra,214Pb,228Ac,208Tl,214Bi,137Csand40Kinsamples.Tovalidatetheappliedmethods,certifiedreferencematerials(CRMs)oflakeandstreamsedimentsweremeasuredwithann-typeGermanium(Ge)detector-calibratedusingamultinuclidereferencesource.Thehighestself-absorptioncorrectionfactorsrangedfromFs1.44-2.10for46.5keVpeak(210Pb)andFs?1.25-1.60for63.3keVpeak(234Th)lyinginthelowenergyregionofthespectrum.Thesystematicinfluencewasobservedfor186.2keV(226Ra)peakduetospectralinterferenceswiththe235Ucontribution.Forthispeak,Fcsiischangedfrom0.921to0.955.Additionally,thepresentstudysuggeststhattruecoincidencesumming(TCS)effectsarenotdominant,exceptfor208Tland214BiforwhichFcoirangedfrom1.179to1.192anrangedfrom1.140to1.151,respectively.

简介：Duetotheexistenceofthermaloffsets,globalsolarirradiancesmeasuredbypyranometersaresmallerthanactualvalues,anderrorsarelargerinthedaytime.Untilnow,thereisnouniversally-recognizedcorrectionmethodforthermaloffseterrors.Therefore,itisimperativetoidentifyaconvenientandeffectivecorrectionmethod.Fivecorrectionmethodswereevaluatedbasedonthedatameasuredfromafieldexperimentfrom23Januaryto15November,2011.Resultshaveshown:1)Temporalvariationcharacteristicsofthermaloffsetsinthefourtestedpyranometersareconsistent.2)Amongthefivemethods,non-dimensionalquantitymethodissuggestedforusetocorrectthermaloffsets,becauseitisconvenientandnomodificationofinstrumentsisrequired.Ifcollocatednetlongwaveradiationandwindspeeddataareavailableandtheiruncertaintiesaresmall,thehistoricalsolarradiationdatasetscanalsobecorrected.Andcorrectioneffectsbythemethodarebetter.

简介：ThedataofSeaWiFS(Sea-ViewingWideField-of-ViewSensor),installedonSeaStar,hasbeenusedtogenerateSSC(suspendedsedimentconcentration)ofcomplexandturbidcoastalwatersinChina.InviewoftheproblemsoftheSeaDAS(SeaWiFSDataAnalysisSystem)algorithmappliedtoChinacoastalwaters,anewatmosphericcorrectionalgorithmisdiscussed,developed,andusedfortheSSCofEastChinacoastalwaters.Theadvantagesofthenewalgorithmaredescribedthroughthecomparisonoftheresultsfromdifferentalgorithms.

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简介：在一口深井的水水平立即对地球的潮和气压作出回应，并且因此，不是仅仅以振幅而且在阶段变化落后。因此，分阶段执行落后修正在在作者在修正方法在为短期的地震先锋的异常变化的鉴定是有效的这纸表演介绍的东方China.Calculation结果分析数字地下水观察数据被使用。修正方法能也被用于处理观察变丑并且倾斜数据。

简介：用被动微波辐射计的陆地检索对在陆地亮度温度的小变化敏感。因此，无线电频率干扰(射频干扰)发信号发出从人造微波放射传输器能在陆地检索导致大错误。在隧道能遥远地污染的C乐队和X乐队的射频干扰察觉到大小，经历了与扫描辐射计(AMSR-E)和WindSat传感器的先进微波。在这个工作，射频干扰察觉的应用程序和在从AMSR-E大小使用检索地球物理的参数的一间全面套房的修正算法，一个维的变化检索(1-DVAR)方法被描述。结果显示检索参数的值例如陆地皮肤温度(LST)，在射频干扰污染的这些区域上比从全球数据吸收系统(GDAS)的那些高得多产品。结果也显示新检索和GDAS产品之间的差别通过考虑RFI修正算法显然被减少。另外，1-DVAR的集中度量标准(2)被发现是为识别陆地检索被射频干扰影响的区域的一个新方法。例如在有强壮得多的射频干扰的那些区域，例如欧洲和日本，<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>1-DVAR的2那么大集中不能被到达，检索结果不能是可靠的或不能被获得。而且，<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>2也与中等或弱的射频干扰为那些区域与改正射频干扰的算法减少。射频干扰的结果检测了由<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>2与那些识别了由几乎一致光谱差别方法。

简介：Inthisstudy,cloudbaseheight(CBH)andcloudtopheight(CTH)observedbytheKa-band(33.44GHz)cloudradarattheBoseongNationalCenterforIntensiveObservationofSevereWeatherduringfall2013(September-November)wereverifiedandcorrected.Forcomparativeverification,CBHandCTHwereobtainedusingaceilometer(CL51)andtheCommunication,OceanandMeteorologicalSatellite(COMS).Duringrainfall,theCBHandCTHobservedbythecloudradarwerelowerthanobservedbytheceilometerandCOMSbecauseofsignalattenuationduetoraindrops,andthisdifferenceincreasedwithrainfallintensity.Duringdryperiods,however,theCBHandCTHobservedbythecloudradar,ceilometer,andCOMSweresimilar.Thinandlow-densitycloudswereobservedmoreeffectivelybythecloudradarcomparedwiththeceilometerandCOMS.Incasesofrainfallormissingcloudradardata,theceilometerandCOMSdatawereproveneffectiveincorrectingorcompensatingthecloudradardata.Thesecorrectedclouddatawereusedtoclassifycloudtypes,whichrevealedthatlowcloudsoccurredmostfrequently.

简介：放射的转移模型模拟被用来调查erythemal紫外(EUV)由分开的修正因素紫外A并且UV-B光谱范围。修正因素被定义为改变扑灭的数量和特征并且散布材料引起的EUV的比率。EUV修正因素(CFEUV)为紫外A[CFEUV(A)]并且UV-B[CFEUV(B)]被变化在全部的臭氧，喷雾器和云的光深度，和太阳的天顶角度影响。CFEUV(A)和CFEUV(B)之间的差别也作为太阳的天顶角度，喷雾器和云的光深度，和全部的臭氧的功能被估计。CFEUV(A)和CFEUV(B)之间的差别为不同太阳的天顶角度和喷雾器和云的光深度在所有模拟为云为喷雾器从5.0%～25.0%，并且从9.5%～2.0%。CFEUV的衰落的率每统一光深度在之间紫外A并且UV-B为一样的喷雾器和云条件在多达20%不同。为全部的臭氧，因为，在CFEUV(A)的变化在CFEUV(B)与那相比是可以忽略的有效光谱臭氧吸收乐队的范围。另外，CFEUV的敏感由于在表面的变化调节(即，表面反照率和表面高度)被在这研究使用模型也估计。为在表面反照率的变化，CFEUV的敏感每0.1反照率变化是2.9%-4.1%，取决于喷雾器或云的数量。为在表面高度的变化，CFEUV(B)的敏感是两次CFEUV(A)的，因为光深度在更短的波长显著地增加了的瑞利。

简介：Athird-ordercorrectionwasrecentlysuggestedtoimprovetheaccuracyofthehalf-powerbandwidthmethodinestimatingthedampingofsingleDOFsystems.Thispaperanalyzestheaccuracyofthehalf-powerbandwidthmethodwiththethird-ordercorrectionindampingestimationformulti-DOFlinearsystems.Dampingratiosinatwo-DOFlinearsystemareestimatedusingitsdisplacementandaccelerationfrequencyresponsecurves,respectively.Awiderangeofimportantparametersthatcharacterizetheshapeoftheseresponsecurvesaretakenintoaccount.Resultsshowthatthethird-ordercorrectionmaygreatlyimprovetheaccuracyofthehalf-powerbandwidthmethodinestimatingdampinginatwo-DOFsystem.Inspiteofthis,thehalf-powerbandwidthmethodmaysignificantlyoverestimatethedampingratiosoftwo-DOFsystemsinsomecases.