简介：ThecontentsofbiogenicelementsinChinamarginalseasedimentsarerelatedtotheirgrainsizes,rivertransport,etal.Ingeneral,thefinerthegrainsizeis,thehigherthecontentsoforganicmatterandOC,N,Pare,thelowerthecontentsofSandSiare.ThebiogeochemicalenvironmentsofsedimentsarerelatedtoEh,pH,temperaturecontentofOC,Fe3+/Fe2+radio,waterdynamicscondition,grainsizeofsediment,Ssysteminsedimentinterstitialwaters,etal.,andtheyinfluencetheearlydiagenesesandcycleofbiogenicelementsinsediments.InmostregionsofChinamarginalsea,thefluxdirectionsofS2-,HS-,3-NH4+H4SiO4,PO4,acrossthesediment-waterinterfacearefromsedimenttotheoverlyingseawater,thefluxdirectionsofSO42-,HCO3-,NO3-,NO2-acrossthesediment-waterinterfacearefromtheoverlyingseawatertosediment.Theirrigationoflivingthingsisimportantinthecycleofthebiogenicelementsacrosssediment-waterinterfaces.

简介：Inthecontextof1980—1992JMA(JapanMeteorologicalAgency)GMSTBBgriddeddataset,studyisundertakenofannualcyclefeaturesofFFT-derivedwindowpowerspectrumaveragedovertherecordlength,withlocalizedspace/timecharacteristicsoflow-frequencyoscillation(LFO)inthetropicalatmosphereinvestigatedalongsidepossiblecauses.ItturnsoutthattheLFOtakesonsurprisinglynoticeableannualcyclefeaturesmarkedbyawidervariablerangeoftheLFOperiodsovernortherntropicsthanthesoutherncounterpartandequatorialvicinity.Inaddition,onthewhole,thesignalsaremoreintenseintheNorthernHemisphereduringsummer/autumnandatequatorial/southernlatitudeswhennorthernwinter/springoccuraswell.Also,notallthesefeaturesareidenticalfordifferentsegmentsatthesamelatitudes,displayingsignaturesonalocalbasis,andthespatial/temporallocalitycanbequalitativelyinterpretedintermsofnonlinearinteractionbetweentropicalwaves,andmodulationofdiabaticheatingontheLFOperiods.

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简介：During1985～1987,theconcentrationofnitratenitrogenwashigherintheLaizhouBayandtheBohaiBaywhilethatofnitritenitrogenwashigherintheLiaodongBayandtheBohaiBay,Theconcentrationofnitratenitrogenwashighestinwinterandlowestinsummerwhilethatofnitritenitrogenwashighestinautumnandlowestinspring.theseasonalvariationoftheconcentrationofnitratenitrogenwasmaximumintheLaizhouBayandtheBohaiBaywhilethatoftheconcentrationofnitritenitrogenwasmaximumintheLiaodongBay.Therewasagreatdifferenceintheconcentrationofnitratenitrogenbetweenthesurfaceandthebottominautumnandintheconcentrationofnitritenitrogenbetweenthesurfaceandthebottominsummer.Themainreasonfortheseasonalvariationsoftheconcentrationofnitratenitrogenandnitritenitrogenwasthemarinebiochemicalprocess.ThenitratenitrogenandnitritenitrogenintheBohaiSeabasicallymaintainedaquasi-equilibriumstateseasonalcycle,Thequesi-equilibriumstateseasonalcycleofnitratenitrogenandnitritenitrogenatthebottomwasstablewhilethatatthesurfacewasliabletovariationscausedbyotherfactors.

简介：城市的碳脚印在城市的环境上反映人的活动的影响和压力。基于城市水平，这份报纸估计了碳排出物和南京城市，分析的城市的碳脚印紧张和碳周期压力的碳脚印并且通过LMDI讨论了碳脚印的影响因素分解模型。主要结论如下：(1)自从2000，南京的全部的碳排出物很快增加了，在哪个从石块精力的使用的碳排放最大。同时，自从2000，南京的碳水池介绍了一个衰退趋势，它引起了碳赔偿率的减少和城市的碳周期压力的增加。(2)自从2000，很快增加的南京的全部的碳脚印，和碳赤字是超过十次在2009的南京的全部的陆地区域，它意味着南京面对了高碳周期压力。(3)通常，南京的碳脚印紧张在减少上，碳脚印生产率在增加以后。这显示自从2000，南京的精力利用率和碳效率被改进，并且为精力保存的政策和南京管理拿的排放减小收到了更好的效果。(4)经济开发，人口和工业结构为南京的碳脚印的增加正在支持因素，当工业碳脚印紧张是禁止的因素时。(5)几项反措施应该被花城市的碳脚印到减少并且减轻碳周期压力，例如：精力效率，工业结构重建，造林和环境保护和陆地使用控制的改进。通常，到低碳的经济的转变是必要的让中国城市以后认识到持续开发。

简介：Theactivitiesofgeomagneticstormsaregenerallycontrolledbysolaractivities.Thecurrentsolarcycle(SC)24isfoundtobemild;comparedtoSCs19–23,thestormoccurrenceandsizederivedbyaveragingtheoccurrencenumberandDstaroundthesolarmaximumarereducedbyabout50–82%and36–61%,respectively.Weestimateseparately,forSC19to24,therepeatintervalsbetweengeomagneticstormsofspecificDst,basedonfitsofpower-lawandlog-normaldistributionstothestormdataforeachSC.RepeatintervalsbetweensupergeomagneticstormswithDst≤–250nTarefoundtobe0.36–2.95year(s)forSCs19–23,butabout20yearsbasedonthedataforSC24.Wealsoestimatetherepeatintervalsbetweencoronalmassejections(CMEs)ofspecificspeed(VCME)sinceCMEsareknowntobethemaindriversofintensestormsandtherelatedstatisticsmayprovideinformationaboutthepotentialoccurrenceofsupergeomagneticstormsfromthelocationoftheSun.OuranalysisfindsthataCMEwithVCME≥1860km/smayoccuronceper3and5monthsinSC23and24,respectively.BasedonaVCME-Dstrelationship,suchafastCMEmaycauseastormwithDst=–250nTifarrivingattheEarth.BycomparingtheobservedgeomagneticstormstostormsexpectedtobecausedbyCMEs,wederivetheprobabilityofCMEcausedstorms,whichisdependentonVCME.ForaCMEfasterthan1860km/s,theprobabilityofaCMEcausedstormwithDst≤–250nTisabout1/5forSC23or1/25forSC24.AlloftheaboveresultssuggestthatthelikelihoodoftheoccurrenceofsupergeomagneticstormsissignificantlyreducedinamildSC.

简介：Acoupledmodel,whichisemployedtostudythedominatingfactorandkeyareaofElNinocycleformation,consistsofadynamicaloceanmodelandastatisticalatmosphericmodel.ThecoupledmodelwithseasonalforcingsuccessfullyreproducestheElNinoeventcyclewhichexhibitsquasi-regularoscillationswithapreferredperiodofabout4years.Theresultsshowthattheheatcontent(HC)istransportedbetweentheeasternandthewesterntropicalPacificareas.ThespatialdistributionofHCanomaliesforfourphasesofthewholecycleclearlyshowsapossibleformationmechanismofElNino.ExperimentsfurthersuggestthatseasurfacetemperatureinthetropicalPacificandHCinthecentraltropicalPacificarethemostimportantfactorsandthecentraltropicalPacificisthemostimportantareafordeterminingformationofElNinocycle.

简介：Vasa,whichisaconservedmemberoftheDEAD-boxproteinfamily,playsanindispensableroleinprimordialgermcellproliferation.However,theexpressionofvasageneduringthereproductivecycleinovoviviparousfishhasnotbeendocumented.Inthisstudy,thefull-lengthsequenceofvasawasobtainedfromtheovaryofKoreanrockfish(Sebastesschlegeli)usingreversetranscription-PCRandrapidamplificationofcDNAends.TheVasawithamatureproteinof650aminoacidsshowedgreatesthomology(84%)withgiantgourami(Osphronemusgoramy)andPacificbluefintuna(Thunnusorientalis).TheexpressionofvasamRNAinKoreanrockfishwasdetectedingonadsonly,suggestingitsspecificroleingonadaldevelopment.Inaddition,seasonalchangesinthevasaexpressionlevelswereexaminedingonadsbyquantitativereal-timePCR.Thevasatranscriptlevelsinadulttestiswerefoundhigherduringspermatogenesisthanduringspermiation.Thevasatranscriptlevelsremainedrelativelyhighattheearlyovarystagebutdeclinedduringovarymaturationinadultfemalefish.TheseresultssuggestthatthevasageneplayanimportantroleinspermatogenesisandearlyoogenesisduringthereproductivecycleofKoreanrockfish.

简介：Weibeiupland,locatedinsouthernpartoftheLoessPlateau,isacommercialappleproductionbaseinChina.Theenlargementofapple-plantingareahasagreatimpactontheregionalwatercycle.Theeffectsofdifferentlanduseonhydrologicalparametersarecomparedandstudiedinthispaper.Themainresultsareasfollows:(1)Theinitialandsteadyinfiltrationratesinappleorchardarehigherthanthoseinotherlandusetypessuchasgrassland,idlelandandfarmland.Theirinitialratesofinfiltrationare0.823cm/min,0.215cm/min,0.534cm/minand0.586cm/mininappleorchard,grassland,idlelandandfarmlandrespectively.Theirsteadyinfiltrationratesare0.45cm/min,0.038cm/min,0.191cm/minand0.155cm/minrespectively.(2)Thereisnorunoffgeneratedinplotofappleorchardinall8stormeventsinobservednaturalrainfalls,whilerunoffisgeneratedinwinterwheatplot,complotandalfalfaplotwithrunoffcoefficientsof2.39%,1.58%and0.31%respectively.(3)Thetranspirationofappletreesisstrongandthussoilmoistureisgraduallydepleted.Theaveragesoilwatercontentsin3-9msoilprofileinChangwuplotswithappletreesof14and32yearsinageare11.77%and11.59%andinLuochuanplotswiththoseof15and28yearsinageare11.7%and11.59%respectively,whicharenearly9.0%ofwiltingmoistureofChangwusoiland8.6%ofwiltingmoistureofLuochuansoil.Thepathwayofrainfallpercolatingtogroundwaterishinderedbydrysoilprofile.

简介：ＮｏｔｅｓＯｎｔｈｅｆｅａｔｕｒｅｓｏｆｔｈｅＳＳＴａｎｎｕａｌｃｙｃｌｅａｎｄｓｕｒｆａｃｅｈｅａｔｂｕｄｇｅｔｉｎｔｈｅＳｏｕｔｈＣｈｉｎａＳｅａＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅａｎｎｕａｌｃｙｃｌｅｉｎｔｈｅｏｃｅａｎａｎｄａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅｓ...

简介：Inthisstudy,wefocusonchangesinthreeimportantcomponentsofthehydrological-cycleintheHaiheRiverbasin(HRB)during1957-2005:precipitation(Prep),actualevaportranspiration(ETa),andpanevaporation(PE)-ameasureofpotentialevaporation.ThechangesinthesecomponentshavebeenevaluatedinrelationtochangesintheEastAsiansummermonsoon.SummerPrepforthewholebasinhasdecreasedsignificantlyduring1957-2005.Recentweakeningoftheconvergenceoftheintegratedwatervaporflux,incombinationwithachangefromcyclonic-likelarge-scalecirculationconditionstoanti-cyclonic-likeconditions,ledtothedecreaseinthesummerPrepintheHRB.ETaispositivelycorrelatedwithPrepontheinterannualtimescale.Onlongertimescales,however,ETaislessdependentonPreporthelarge-scalecirculation.WefoundnegativetrendsinETawhentheERA40reanalysisdatawereused,butpositivetrendsinETawhentheNCEP/NCARreanalysisdatawereused.PEdeclinedduringtheperiod1957-2001.ThedecliningofPEcouldbeexplainedbyacombinationofdecliningsolarradiationanddecliningsurfacewind.However,thedecliningsolarradiationmayitselfberelatedtotheweakeningwinds,duetoweakerdispersionofpollution.Ifso,thedownwardtrendofPEmaybemainlycausedbyweakeningwinds.

简介：北方大西洋摆动(NAO)是在北半球的气候可变性的领先的模式之一。它清楚地在气象学的变量联系到变化，这被显示出，例如地面温度，在半球的规模。然而，最近的研究表明了NAO空间模式也取决于太阳的强迫。因此，它气象学的变量上的效果必须变化取决于这个因素。而且，它能是阳光通过可变性模式影响气候，是这研究的焦点的一个假设。我们发现在NAO/AO和半球的温度之间的关系变化取决于太阳活动。结果看积极重要关联太阳活动是否仅仅高。另外，结果支持那项太阳活动影响对流的想法在经由同温层的极的旋涡的变化的北半球的球的气候变化。

简介：Onthebasisofproposingtheexistenceofakarstcarboncycleandcarbonsinkatawatershedscale,thispaperprovidesfourpiecesofevidencefor;theintegrationofgeologyandecologyduringthecarboncycleprocessesmthekarstdynamicsystem,andestxmatedthekarstcarbonsinkeffectusingthemethodsofcomparativemonitoringofpairedwatershedsandthecarbonstableisotopetracertechnique.TheresultsofthesoilcarboncycleinMaocun,Guilin,showedthatthesoilcarboncycleinthekarstarea,theweatheringanddissolutionofcarbonaterocksunderthesoil,resultedinalowersoilrespirationof25%inthekarstoareathaninanon-karstarea(sandstoneandshale),andthecarbonisotoperesultsindicatedthat13.46%oftheheavycarbonofthehmestoneisinvolvedinthesoilcarboncycle.Thecomparativemonitoringresultsmpaxredwatersheds,suggestingthattheHCO3concentrationmakarstspringis10timesthatofarivuletinanon-karstarea,whiletheconcentrationofinorganiccarbonfluxis23.8times.Withbothchemicalstoichiometryandcarbonstableisotopes,theproportionofcarboninkarstspringsderivedfromcarbonaterockswasfoundtobe58.52%and37.65%respectively.Thecomparisononcarbonexchangeandisotopesatthewater-gasinterfacebetweenthegraniteandcarbonaterockbasinsintheLiRivershowedthattheCO2emissionofthekarstwateris10.92timesthatoftheallogenicwaterfromthenon-karstarea,whilethecarbonisotopeofHCO3^-inkarstwaterislighterby8.62%.However,thisdoesnotmeanthatthekarstwaterbodyhasalargercarbonsourceeffect.Onthecontrary,itmeansthekarstwaterbodyhasagreaterkarstcarbonsinkeffect.WhenthekarstsubterraneanstreaminZhaidi,Guilin,isexposedatthesurface,carbon-richkarstwaterstimulatedthegrowthofaquaticplants.Thevaluesofcarbonstableisotopesinthesamespeciesofsubmergedplantsgraduallybecomesheavierandheavier,andthe512mflowprocesshasamaximumrangeof15.46%.Thecalculationresultsshowe

简介：Thisstudycomparestheclimatologyandlong-termtrendofnorthernwinterstratosphericresidualmeanmeridionalcirculation(RMMC),aswellasitsresponsestoElNi?o-SouthernOscillation(ENSO),stratosphericQuasiBiennialOscillation(QBO),andsolarcycleintenreanalysesandastratosphere-resolvingmodel,CESM1-WACCM.TheRMMCisalarge-scalemeridionalcirculationcellinthestratosphere,usuallyreferredtoastheestimateoftheBrewerDobsoncirculation(BDC).ThedistributionoftheBDCisgenerallyconsistentamongmultiplereanalysesexceptthattheNOAAtwentiethcenturyreanalysis(20RC)largelyunderestimatesit.Mostreanalyses(exceptERA40andERA-Interim)showastrengtheningtrendfortheBDCduring1979–2010.AllreanalysesandCESM1-WACCMconsistentlyrevealthatthedeepbranchoftheBDCissignificantlyenhancedinElNi?owintersasmorewavesfromthetropospheredissipateinthestratosphericpolarvortexregion.AsecondarycirculationcelliscoupledtothetemperatureanomaliesbelowtheQBOeasterlycenterat50hPawithtropicalupwelling/coolingandmidlatitudedownwelling/warming,andsimilarsecondarycirculationcellsalsoappearbetween50–10hPaandabove10hPatobalancethetemperatureanomalies.ThedirectBDCresponsetoQBOintheupperstratospherecreatesabarriernear30°Ntopreventwavesfrompropagatingtomidlatitudes,contributingtotheweakeningofthepolarvortex.TheshallowbranchoftheBDCinthelowerstratosphereisintensifiedduringsolarminima,andthedownwellingwarmstheArcticlowerstratosphere.ThestratosphericresponsestoQBOandsolarcycleinmostreanalysesaregenerallyconsistentexceptinthetwo20CRs.

简介：InordertodiscussthecontentdistributionsandfluxesofheavymetalsinsuspendedmattersduringatidalcycleintheturbiditymaximumaroundtheChangjiang(Yangtze)Estuary,thecontentsofheavymetals(Zn,Pb,Cd,CoandNi)havebeenanalyzed.Duringatidalcycle,theaveragecontentsofheavymetalsareintheorderofZn>Ni>Pb>CoàCd.Theaveragecontentsinebbtidearegenerallyhigherthanthatinfloodtide.However,attheinshoreSta.11,influencedbythecontaminationfromthenearbywastetreatmentplant,theaveragecontentsofZnandNiinfloodtidearehigherthanthoseinebbtideandattheoffshoreSta.10,thecontentofCdinfloodtidehigherthanthatinebbtideduetomarine-derivedmaterials.Thefiveheavymetals,mainlyterrigenous,aretransportedtowardseast-northeast,andsettledownwithsuspendedmattersintheareabetweenSta.11andSta.10.Influencedbymarine-derivedmaterials,thefluxvalueofCddoesnotaltersignificantlywithobviouslychanginginfluxdirectiontowardsnorthwest.Thesourceofheavymetals,thesalinityofwaterandtheconcentrationofsuspendedmattersarethemainfactorscontrollingthecontentdistributionsofheavymetalsduringatidalcycle.Thereisapositivecorrelationbetweenthecontentsofheavymetals(Zn,Pb,CoandNi)andthesalinityofwater,whiletheoppositecorrelationbetweenthecontentsandtheconcentrationsofsuspendedmatters.Becauseofmarine-derivedmaterials,thecontentofCdisnotcorrelatedwiththeconcentrationofsuspendedmattersandthesalinityofwater.

简介：一些重要诊断特征为一模型物理背景在模型精力运输，变换，和周期被反映。诊断大气的精力周期是向理解并且改善数字模型的一个合适的方法。在这研究，混合时空域精力周期的明确的表达被计算，在大气的精力以内的静止、短暂的波浪的角色全球地区性的吸收和预言系统(葡萄)模型骑车被诊断并且与为2011年7月的NCEP分析数据相比。精力周期的带平均数的部件的贡献被调查解释数字模型的表演。

简介：Thispaperreportstheabsorption,accumulation,distributionandcycleofCu,Pb,Zn,CrandNiinS.apetala+S.caseolaris,mangrovecommunityatFutianMangroveNatureReserveofShenzhen,TheCu,Pb,Zn,CrandNicontentsinforestsoilincreasefrombottomtosurfacelayers,andthestorageofthefiveheavymetalsinthesurfacelayer(depth0-30cm)isZn>Pb>Ni>Cr>Cu.TheconcentrationabilityisS.caseolaris>S.apetala>K.candel.TheexistingaccumulationofCu,Pb,Zn,CrandNiinthecommunityis23019.63μg/m^2,23429.66μg/m^2.177870.42μg/m^2,6835.80μg/m^2,and12995.22μg/m^2,respectively.Theannualabsorptionis6592.57μg/m^2,2664.80μg/m^2,23123.56μg/m^2,853.24μg/m^2,and1990.95μg/m^2,respectively.Theannualreturnis3179.50μg/m^2,1300.65μg/m^2,7401.31μg/m^2,398.99μg/m^2,and646.20μg/m^2respectively.TheannualnetretentionaccumulationofCu,Pb,Zn,CrandNiinthecommunityis3413.07μg/m^2,1364.15μg/m^2,15722.25μg/m^2,454.25μg/m^2,and1344.75μg/m^2,respectively,TheturnoverperiodsofCu,Pb,Zn,CrandNiare8,19,15,18and21years,respectively.

简介：Theinterannuatatmosphere-ocean-seaiceinteraction(AOSI)inhighnorthernlatitudesisstudiedwithaglobalatmosphere-ocean-seaicecoupledmodelsystem,inwhichthemodelcomponentsofatmosphereandlandsurfacearefromChinaNationalClimateCenterandthatofoceanandseaicearefromLASG,InstituteofAtmosphericPhysics,ChineseAcademyofSciences.Adailyfluxanomalycorrectionschemeisemployedtocoupletheatmospheremodelandtheoceanmodelwiththeeffectofiahomogenityofseaiceinhighlatitudesisconsidered.Thecoupledmodelsystemhasbeenrunfor50yrandtheresultsofthelast30yearsareanalyzed.Afterthesealevelpressure(SLP),surfaceairtemperature(SAT),seasurfacetemperature(SST),seaiceconcentration(SIC),andseasurfacesensibleheatflux(SHF)arefilteredwithadigitalfilterfirstly,theirnormalizedanomaliesareusedtoperformthedecompositionofcombinedcomplexempiricalorthogonalfunction(CCEOF)andthentheyarereconstructedwiththeleadingmode.Theatmosphere-ocean-seaiceinteractionsinhighnorthernlatitudesduringaperiodicalcycle(approximately4yr)areanalyzed.Itisshownthat:(1)WhentheNorthAtlanticOscillation(NAO)isinitspositivephase,thesoutherlyanomalyappearsintheGreenlandSea,SATincreases,thesealoseslessSHF,SSTincreasesandSICdecreasesaccordingly;whentheNAOisinitsnegativephase,thenortherlyanomalyappearsintheGreenlandSea,SATdecreases,thesealosesmoreSHF,SSTdecreasesandSICincreasesaccordingly.TherearesimilarfeaturesintheBarentsSea,butthephaseofevolutionintheBarentsSeaisdifferentfromthatintheGreenlandSea.(2)Foranaverageofmulti-years,thereisacoldcenterintheinnerpartoftheArcticOceanneartheNorthPole.Whenthereisananomalyoflowpressure,whichisclosertothePacificOcean,intheinnerpartoftheArcticOcean,anomaliesofwarmadveetionappearintheregionnearthePacificOceanandanomaliesofcoldadvectionappearintheregionneartheAtlanticOcean.A

简介：层(PBL)在台风Sinlaku(2008)在第二等的eyewall形成(SEF)和eyewall代替周期(ERC)上处理的不同行星的边界的效果被使用天气研究并且预报(WRF)有六不同PBL的模型策划调查。SEF和ERC成功地为在我们的以前的学习建议的SEF和ERC与所有六个PBL计划和机制被模仿了被重新证实。它被表明那两个暴风雨和里面动人的外部螺线雨线的增强贡献SEF。在SEF以后，加热的联系diabatic提高第二等的eyewall推进，并且到主要eyewall的从外部区域的潮湿的空气的转移被第二等的eyewall割掉。以如此的一个方法，主要eyewall死，ERC完成。一些模仿了SEF和ERC的特征，这被发现，例如ERC的SEF和持续时间的时间和地点，确实从一模拟变化到另外一个。以便描述SEF和ERC份量上的特征，一个同心eyewall索引(CEI)被定义，CEI的阀值被建议决定第二等的eyewall的发作。在模仿的SEF和ERC的差别被讨论，一些可能的原因被建议。基于CEI阀值和尖动量的能量守恒定律，另外，预言SEF的地点的一个公式也被建议并且适用于所有六模拟。公式的成功和失败然后被讨论。

简介：在这份报纸，在一条贝它隧道的一个新短暂强迫的伪反响的三个一组相互作用理论被建议调查在由带的wavenumbers组成的行星规模的流去的流动之间的相互作用1鈥吗？并且摘要规模的波浪在堵住的生命周期期间由一个早期的堵住区域在上游的修理的摘要规模的涡度来源连续地生产了。这被显示出重叠起始为带的wavenumbers的三个Rossby波浪1(单极)，2(偶极子)，并且3(单极)，它允许三个一组伪回声，能代表一个早期的堵住事件。摘要规模的旋涡可以行动放大早期的堵住并且与强壮的曲流使堵住的发行量激动，模式其流动取决于先存在的行星的波浪和紧张和地点的起始的振幅摘要规模的波浪。堵住的行星规模的裂口流动的发作(腐烂)被带的wavenumber的振幅的猛烈增加(减少)主要代表2部件，有偶极子与先存在有关的南方的结构摘要规模的旋涡。堵住的模型的典型坚持时间具有大约20天，与堵住模式的观察一致。在我们的模型，孤立不对称的偶极子堵住被摘要规模的波浪形成。全部的streamfunctions的即时地展出显著相似到在堵住的生命周期期间观察的摘要的地图。在发作阶段期间，摘要规模的波浪被提高并且由于放大堵住的反馈在堵住的区域附近分成了二个分支，与在真实堵住的事件的摘要规模的波浪的观察变化一致。另外，堵住的诊断案例研究被介绍证实强迫的伪反响的三个一组相互作用理论这里求婚了。关键词伪反响的三个一组相互作用-堵住波浪-摘要规模的波浪-堵住大小写