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简介：Currently,alotofeffortisbeingputondesigningcomplexdetectors.Anumberofsimulationandreconstructionframeworksandapplicationshavebeendevelopedwiththeaimtomakethisjobeasier.Averyimportantroleinthisactivityisplayedbythegeometrydescriptionofthedetectorapparatuslayoutanditsworkingenvironment.However,norealcommonapproachtorepresentgeometrydataisavailableandsuchdatacanbefoundinvariousformsstartingfromcustomsemi-structuredtextfiles,sourcecode(C/C++/FORTRAN),toXMLanddatabasesolutions.TheXML(ExtensibleMarkupLanguage)hasproventoprovideaninterestingapproachfordescribingdetectorgeometries,withseveraldifferentbutincompatibleXML-basedsolutionsexisting.Therefore,interoperabilityandgeometrydataexchangeamongdifferentframeworksisnotpossibleatpresent.Thisarticleintroducesamarkuplanguageforgeometrydescriptions.Itsaimistodefineacommonapproachforsharingandexchangingofgeometrydescriptiondata.ItsrequirementsanddesignhavebeendrivenbyexperienceanduserfeedbackfromexistingprojectswhichhavetheirgeometrydescriptioninXML.

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简介：让D是任何部门戒指，并且让是k×k的集合(k≥2)矩形的块在D上的三角形的矩阵。为A，B∈，如果等级(−B)=1，然后，A和B被说由∼邻近、表示B。地图φ：被说如果，是在两个方向保存地图的毗邻∼B如果并且仅当φ(A)∼φ(B)。让G所有毗邻的转变组上在两个方向正在保存bijections。什么时候m1,nk≥2，我们描绘G的代数学的结构，并且获得矩形的块的基本定理在D上的三角形的矩阵。

简介：Inthispaperweprovethatanaffinehyperspherewithscalarcurvaturezeroinaunimodularaffinespaceofdimensionn+1mustbecontainedeitherinanellipticparaboloidorinanaffineimageofthehypersurfacex1x2…xn+1=const.Weprovealsothatanaffinecomplete,affinemaximalsurfaceisanellipticparaboloidifitsaffinenormalsomit4ormoredirectionsingeneralposition.

简介：Inmechanics,bothclassicalandquantum,onestudiestheprofoundinteractionbetweentwotypesofenergy,namely,thekineticenergyandthepotentialenergy.Theformercanbeorganizedasthekinematicmetricontheconfigurationspacewhilethelattercanberepresentedbyasuitablepotentialfunction,suchastheNewtonianpotentialincelestialmechanicsandtheCoulombpotentialinquantummechanicsofatomicandmolecularphysics.Inthispaper,theauthorstudiesthekinematicgeometryofn-bodysystems.Themainresultsaxe(i)theintroductionofacanonicalcoordinatesystemwhichrevealsthetotalamountofkinematicsymmetrybyanSO(З)×O(n-1)actioninsuchacanoniealcoordinaterepresentation;(ii)anindepthanalysisoftheabovekinematicsystembothinthesettingofclassicalinvarianttheoryandbythetechniqueofequivarjantRiemanniangeometry;(iii)aremarkablysimpleformulaforthepotentialfunctioninsuchacanonicalcoordinatesystemwhichrevealsthewell-fittingbetweenthekinematicsymmetryandthepotentialenergy.

简介：让f：M→R~3是有非退化的秒的面向的表面基本形式。我们由H和K表示它的吝啬的弯曲和高斯弯曲。然后f的Laguerre体积，由L(f)=∫(H~2定义-K)/KdM，一在Laguerre转变下面不变。功能的L的批评表面被称为Laguerre最小的表面。在这篇论文，我们学习在由使用拉久雷·高斯的R~3的最小的表面印射的theLaguerre。这被知道最小的表面有的genericLaguerre有一样的高斯地图的双Laguerre最小的表面。在这篇论文，我们证明不是Laguerre的任何表面最小被它的LaguerreGaussmap特别地决定。我们也证明圆范围是在R~3的唯一的紧缩的Laguerre最小的表面。并且我们与消失的Laguerre形式在R~3给表面的一条分类定理。

简介：本文提出将原本用于地形渲染的GeometryClipmap技术应用到大规模海洋渲染上,并进行适当调整和改进,使之能更好地适用于动态的海洋场景。首先构建多细节层次的海平面二维网格,然后在相邻层网格之间进行拼接和过渡,接着使用Gerstner波合成随时间平滑移动的Displacementmap,最后二维网格根据Displacementmap更新网格顶点属性,得到具有动态波浪的大规模海洋场景。实验结果表明本文算法能够模拟得到很真实的海洋视觉效果,帧率可达到1720帧左右,CPU和GPU内存消耗分别为40M和30M。本文提出的将GeometryClipmap技术应用于海洋渲染的方法,具有很好的真实感、实时性和低内存消耗,对大规模海洋模拟具有一定的应用价值。

简介：ForanyirreduciblecomplexprojectivevarietyA,weprovethatinthenonstandardex-tension~*AofAinapolysaturatedmodel,thesetofpointswhicharenotgenericpointsofAhasLoebmeasurezero.ThisissimilartotheSardtheoremassertingthatthecriticalvaluesofasmoothmaphaveLebesguemeasurezero.

简介：ManytaskstypicalforHighEnergyPhysicssuchassimulation,eventdisplay,maintenanceofthegeometrydatabaseofanexperiment,requireinputofgeometricaldata.TosimplifytheprocessofpreparationofsuchkindsofdataaninteractivegraphicatoolGBuilderisbeingdevelogped.DefinitionofthegeometrymodelinGBuilderisbasedontheConstructiveSolidGeometryapproachwhereobjectsaredefinedusingbooleanoperationsonbasicshapes.Toprovidsparameterizationofthemodelarithmeticexpressionsmaybeusedinplaceofnumbers,Awidelistofpredefinedmaterialsisalsoavailable.Differentdriversallowtooutputthegeometrymodelinaformsuitableforspecificsimulationofvisualanalysistools.

简介：Differenttectonicelementsmayplaydifferentrolesandtheirdeformationstylesandtypesofanomaliesarealsodifferentintheprocessofdeformation.Suchdifferencesmaybethecauseofthephenomenaofthedeparturefromtheregionwithobviousanomaliesfromthecomingepicenter,whicharecalled"departureofprecursorsfromepicenter."Fromsomenewexperimentalandnumericalmodelingresults,fivetypesofdeformationelementsareidentifiedaccordingtotheirrolesintheprocessofdeformationinaregion.Theyarethebrake(orlocked),slip,yield,sensitive,andvalveelements.Spatialdistributionofdifferentelements,especiallysensitiveandslipelements,arediscussedbytakingthebendfault,extension,compression,andcomplexen-echelonfaultsasexamples.Theseelementswithdifferentrolesmayoverlapeachotherinsomecasesorbeseparatedinothercases.Itisobviousthatfordifferentfaultgeometry,thespatiallayoutoftheseelementsisdifferentandthusthepositionandstyleofpossi

简介：可变几何学捆绑操纵者(VGTM)有潜力在未来空间应用程序，一个动态模型对系统的动态分析和控制重要工作。在这份报纸，一条途径被介绍由独立变量为VGTM的动态方程建模，它由二双octahedral组成捆绑单位和3-revolute-prismatic-spherical(3-RPS)平行操纵者。在这条途径，二邻近的身体的运动学的递归的关系并且几何抑制被用来推出VGTM的运动学的方程，并且Jourdains速度变化原则被采用建立系统的动态方程。建议动态模型的有效性被数字模拟的比较与软件亚当斯验证。而且，为轨道追踪系统的一个活跃控制器被计算转矩方法设计。控制器的有效性数字地被证明。

简介：Thekeyproblemfornumericalsimulationofplasmaarcwelding(PAW)processistodevelopasuitableandadaptivevolumetricheatsourcemodewhichreflectsthephysicalcharacteristicsofkeyholePAW.Tothisend,thekeyholegeometryunderdifferentPAWprocessconditionsmustbepredicted.Inthispaper,amathematicalmodelfordeterminingthekeyholeshapeisdevelopedwithconsideringthemassandmomentumconservationofthein-keyholeplasmajetaswellasthepressureequilibriumattheplasmajet/liquidmetalboundary.AsuitableheatsourcemodelrelatedtothekeyholeshapeisappliedtothecalculationofPAWwelddimensions.Thepredictedresultsareingoodagreementwiththeexperimentalones.

简介：<正>WeprovethatinanyinfinitedimensionalTeichmüllerspace,thereexistsaminimalgeodesiclyingintwodistinctgeodesicdisks.

简介：代数学的变化是在古典代数学的几何学的最重要的题目。作为multivariate花键的零个集合，piecewise代数学的变化是古典代数学的变化的客气的归纳。这份报纸学习在花键理想和piecewise之间的通讯代数学的变化基于代数学的几何学和multivariate花键的知识。

简介：在这笔记，我们给著名combinational身份(−1)的归纳nn！=Σk=1n(kn)(−1)kkn从symplectic产生几何学。

简介：LetRbeasimpleArtinianring,Mm×n（R）bethesetofallm×nmatricesoverR.GLn（R）bethesetofalln×ninvertiblematricesoverR.LetATbethetransposematrixofA∈Mm×n（R）.BytheWedderburn-Artintheorem,RbeisomorphictoatotalmatrixringMs×s（D）overadivisionringD.Letα→（α）DbeanisomorphismofRontoMs×s（D）,ifX=

简介：Thankstothedevelopmentofmetallographicandopticaltechniques,thequantitativecharacterisationofthegeometryofroughsurfaceshasbecomeveryusefulinpracticalapplications.Today,numerousdifferentmethodsareavailablefordeterminingthreedimensionalco-ordinates,linearprofilesorheightcontourstoareasonabledegreeofaccuracyandwithinanacceptabletimeframe,andforevaluatingsuchdata.Inthisarticle,theuseofsuchtechniquesinthefieldoffractographyisdemonstratedwithreferencetoanumberofcasestudiesdealtwithbytheauthor'sownteam,supplementedbyseveralexamplesfromotherresearchgroups.Thefollowingexamplesarediscussed:Inaceramicmaterialdifferentfracturepathswerediscernedcorrespondingtodifferenttesttemperatures.Inhardmetals,itwasshownthathoththesub-criticalandsupercriticalpropagationofcracksoccurreddalongthesamepath.Frommeasurementsoftheproportionoffracturesurfacesoccurringalongandinthevariousdifferentphasespresentandthedepthofdimplesoccurringduringductilefractureinthebinderphase,thefractureenergyofEC-Co-hardalloyswithdifferentcobaltcontentsandtungstencarbidegrainsizeswascalculatedandfoundtobeinexcellentagreementwithactualexperimentalresults.Inthecaseofceramicfibre-aluminiummatrixcpmpositematerials,bymeasuringthebeightdistributionofthepositionsoffractureofthefibres,theloadtransferintheregionofthefracturesurfacewasdetermined.withthisinformationamodelwasdevelopedwhichexplainsthesignificantvariationinstrengthofthesematerialsFinally,amodelwasdevelopedformetallicmaterialsusingwhich,fromtheexperimentallydetermineddistributionsoftheheightandinclinationofthefracturefacets,thestressintensityofroughnessinducedcrackclosingcouldheaccuratelypredicted.

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简介：AnewmethodforthemechanicalelementarygeometrytheoremprovingispresentedbyusingGroebnerbasesofpolynomialideals.Ithastwomainadvantagesovertheapproachproposedinliterature:(i)Itiscompleteandnotarefutationalprocdure;(ii)Thesubcasesofthegeometrystatementswhicharenotgenerallytruecanbedifferentiatedclearly.