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简介：Inthispaper,researchofaftershockmechanismsisreviewed,includingheterogeneityofmediumandstress,mechanicalloading,fluidintrusionandstresscorrosion,andratestatedependence.Previousstudieshaveindicatedthattheheterogeneityofmediaandstressisthebasicpremiseofaftershocksgenerated.Fromthepointviewofmechanics,transientcreepandafterslipcanexplainthedecayofaftershocksinashorttimeafteramainshockandtherelaxationofstresstendstointerpretthecharacteristicsoflong-termaftershocks.Fluidintrusionandstresscorrosioncontroltheevolutionprocessoftheaftershocksundercertainconditions.Theinteractionbetweenthefaultsperturbedbythemainshockalwaysexistsduringtheaftershockactivities.Allkindsofmodelsandthetheorieswanttocomplywiththetwobasicpower-lawrelationships---theG-RlawandOmorilawtosomeextent.

简介：在中国的前列腺癌症(PCa)研究在最近的年里的一个飞速上升的趋势上。在中国的第一染色体宽的协会研究(GWAS)鉴别二新PCa风险联系了单个核苷酸多型性(SNP)。下一代定序正在开始被过去常，产出新奇调查结果：基因熔化，长非编码的RNA和另外的变化。当各种各样的诊断biomarkers广泛地被调查了时，PCa前进的机制被说明了。个性化的治疗基于基因因素，nano药和繁体中文药是为PCa的试验性的治疗学的研究的焦点。这评论打算在中国在PCa研究在最近的进步之上打开灯并且以后指出可能的突破。

简介：Socialmediaisfundamentallychangingthewaypeoplecommunicate,consumeandcollaborate.Itprovidescompaniesanewplatformtointeractwiththeircustomers.Inacademia,thereisasurgeinresearcheffortsonunderstandingitseffects.Thispaperaimstoprovideareviewofcurrentstatusofsocialmediaresearch.Wediscussthespecificdomainsinwhichtheimpactsofsocialmediahavebeenexamined.Abriefreviewofapplicableresearchmethodologiesandapproachesisalsoprovided.

简介：TranslationalCancerResearch(TranslCancerRes;TCR;PrintISSN:2218-676X;OnlineISSN2219-6803;www.thetcr.org)launchedinAugust2013aspecialissueonApplicationsofNanotechnologyinRadiationResearchinvitingProf.RaoV.L.PapinenifromUniversityofKansas

简介：TheWorldAssociationofSedimentationandErosionResearch(WASER)establishedtheAwardfordistinguishedcontributionstosedimentresearchin2004.ThisawardistoprovideinternationalrecognitionfordistinguishedcontributionstothesedimentstudiesthroughoriginalandilluminatingresearchpaperspublishedintheInternationalJournalofSedimentResearch.Sevenpaperspublishedin2004-2009havebeenawardedthedistinguishedcontributionsawardin2007and2010.Aselectioncommittee,consistsof7scientistsfrom6counties,wasestablishin2012,whichscreened125paperpublishedinInternationalJournalofSedimentResearchduring2010-2012.Copiesof15papersintheshortlistweresenttomembersofthecommitteeandeachmemberwasrequestedtorecommend3papersfortheaward.ThevotingforthedistinguishedcontributionsawardstartedfromNovember1,2012viaemail.Allmembersoftheselectioncommitteehavereadthepapersandvotedfortheawardbasedonscientificmeritsofthesepapers.UptoJanuary10,2013,allthesevenmembershavesentbacktheirvotes,andtheresultsarethereforevalid.Thefollowing

简介：BaosteelTechnicalResearch,aquarterlyjournal,whichisissueddomesticallyandabroad,isrunandsponsoredbyBaosteelGroupCorporation.BaosteelTechnicalResearchmainlyreportstheachievementsintechnologicalinnovation,academicresearch,newproductdevelopmentandindustrialequipmentimprovementbyBaosteel.Itwillcontinuetofollowuponhottopicsandservethecompany'stechnologicaldevelopmentandprogress.Itsreadersincludeexpertsinsteelmetallurgyandrelatedfields,technicians,managementstaff,professorsandstudentsinuniversitiesandcolleges.It

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简介：WiththerapidsocialandeconomicdevelopmentoftheTibetAutonomousRegion,thesituationinregardtoenergysupplyanddemandisincreasinglytense.Meanwhile,thedevelopmentofrenewableenergyinTibethasbeengivenconsiderablepracticalsignificancebyitspeculiarecologicalenvironment.GiventhecomplementarityofrenewableenergiesinTibet,usingthemethodoffactoranalysis,wederivedfourmajorfactors:levelofeconomicdevelopment,socialdevelopment,industrialdevelopment,andenergyendowment,whichhelptoevaluatedevelopmentconditionsindifferentregionsofTibet.Treatingthesefourfactorsequally,weusedthehierarchicalclusteringmethodtodeterminetheorderofregionaldevelopment.Thusweacquireathree-stageplanningprojectforrenewableenergy.Inthefirststage,Lhasaplaysaleadingroleinpromotingthedevelopmentofrenewableenergy,particularlythatbasedonsolarandwindenergy.Therearetwophasesinthesecondstage,thefirstbeingtosimultaneouslydevelopsolarandwindenergyinXigazeandNyingchi.ThesecondistodevelopsolarandwindenergyinaccordancewiththetimeofyearinQamdo,Nagqu,andAli,with1.145billionkWhelectricitytobegenerated.ThethirdstageistodevelopenergyproductioninLhokaPrefecture,with1.369billionkWhelectricitytobegenerated.Attheendofthethree-stageproject,consumptionofavailableelectricitywillhavereached4.045billionkwh,withmajorsocialandeconomicbenefits.

简介：Thisarticleusesthesixthcensusdata,comparedtothefifthcensusasthebasepopulation65yearsofageorolder,analysisthe90-year-old,and100-year-oldlongevitypopulationandtheirhealthstatus.Thisarticlefindsthatthelongevityoftheoverallsizeofthepopulationhasgrownrapidly;theareasdistributionofthelongevitypopulationoftwocensusesisbasicallythesame.Thelongevitypopulationoftheeconomicallydevelopedcoastalregionsishigherthantheproportionofsomeprovincesinthenorthwest;higherproportionoflong-livedpeopleinsoutherncoastalareasofthetwocensusescomparingtotheotherareas.Geographiclocationcharacteristicshavesignificantlyimpactonthelongevity.Thesixthcensusshowedconsistentpopulationinurbanandruralarealongevitydistribution.Studyingthelongevitypopulationof100miliionpeopleinChinamorethan19nationalities,theresultsshowsthatthetopfivenationalitiesthatpercentageoftheelderlyovertheageof90-year-oldis:Hui,Zhuang,Li,Yao,Uygur.Thetopfivenationalitiesthatpercentageoftheelderlyovertheageof90-year-oldis:Li,Uighur,Yao,Dai,Hui.Longevitypopulationhealthstudieshaveshownthatthelongevityoftheelderlyovertheageof90-yer-old,22%oflifecannottakecareofthemselves,thelongevityoftheelderlyovertheageof100-year-old,29.2%oflifecannottakecareofthemselves.

简介：On-orbitservicespacecraftorbitproblemhasbeenaddressedfordecades.Theresearchofon-orbitservicespacecraftorbitcanberoughlydividedintoorbitdesignandorbitoptimization.Thepapermainlyfocusesontheorbitdesignproblem.Wesimplysummarizeofthepreviousworks,andpointoutthemaincontentoftheon-orbitservicespacecraftorbitdesign.Weclassifycurrenton-orbitservicespacecraftorbitdesignproblemintoparking-orbitdesign,maneuvering-orbitdesignandservicing-orbitdesign.Then,wegiveadetaildescriptionofthethreespecificorbits,andputforwardourownideasontheexistedachievements.Thepaperwillprovideameaningfulreferencefortheon-orbitservicespacecraftorbitaldesignresearch.

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简介：Irradiationfromdiversesourcesisubiquitousandcloselyassociatedwithhumanactivities.Radiationtherapy(RT),animportantcomponentofmultipleradiationorigins,isacommontherapeuticmodalityforcancer.Moreimportantly,RTprovidessignificantcontributiontooncotherapybykillingtumorcells.However,duringthecourseoftherapy,irradiationofnormaltissuescanresultinawiderangeofsideeffects,includingself-limitedacutetoxicities,mildchronicsymptoms,orsevereorgandysfunction.Althoughnumerouspromisingradioprotectiveagentshaveemerged,onlyafewhavesuccessfullyenteredthemarketbecauseofvariouslimitations.Atpresent,thewidelyacceptedhypothesisforprotectionagainstradiation-causedinjuryinvolvestheWntcanonicalpathway.ActivatingtheWnt/β-cateninsignalingpathwaymayprotectthesalivarygland,oralmucosa,andgastrointestinalepitheliumfromradiationdamage.Theunderlyingmechanismsincludeinhibitingapoptosisandpreservingnormaltissuefunctions.However,aberrantWntsignalingunderliesawiderangeofpathologiesinhumans,anditsvariouscomponentscontributetocancer.Moreover,studieshavesuggestedthatWnt/β-cateninsignalingmayleadtoradioresistanceofcancerstemcell.ThesefactsmarkedlycomplicateanydefinitionoftheexactfunctionoftheWntpathway.

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简介：Curvemodelingisoneofthebasicworkincomputeraidedgeometricdesignandcomputergraphics.Fortheimplicitconicfittingprobleminthispaper,theresearchmethodsthattheobjectivefunctionbasedontheminimalalgebraicdistanceandgeometricdistancearesummarized.Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeverymethodareanalyzedsimply,andtheapplicationsoftheconicfittingarelisted.

简介：Monitoringofsubsurfacefluid(undergroundfluid)isanimportantpartofeffortsforearthquakepredictioninChina.Thenationwidenetwork,whichmonitorsgroundwaterlevel,watertemperature,andradonandmercuryingroundwater,hasbeenconstructedinthelastdecades.Largeamountsofabnormalfluidchangesbeforeandaftermajorearthquakeshavebeenrecorded,providingpreciousdataforresearchinearthquakesciences.Manystudieshavebeendoneinearthquakefluidhydrogeologyinordertoprobethenatureoftheearthquake.Muchprogressinearthquakefluidhydrogeologyhasbeenmadeinthelastdecades.Thepaperprovidesareviewoftheadvancesinresearchonearthquakefluidhydrogeologyoverthelast40yearsinChina.Itdealswiththefollowingfiveaspects:(1)anintroductiontothedevelopmenthistoryofmonitoringnetworksconstruction;(2)casesofdifferentsubsurfacefluidchangesrecordedbeforesomemajorearthquakeswhichoccurredinthelastdecades;(3)characteristicsofsubsurfacefluidchangesfollowingmajorearthquakes;(4)mechanismofsubsurfacefluidchangesbeforeandfollowingearthquakes;(5)applicationofearthquakefluidsinthehydrogeologyfield.