简介：由海军总医院全军耳鼻咽喉头颈外科中心主办的激光技术在耳鼻咽喉微创外科中的应用学习班将于2009年9月1-4日在河南省焦作市举行。该学习班为国家级继续医学教育项目（编号：2009-07-01-083），授予Ⅰ类继续医学教育学分8分。联系方式：北京市海淀区阜成路6号海军总医院全军耳鼻咽喉头颈外科中心；

简介：目的：探讨白内障合并晶状体脱位范围〉2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术＋前部玻璃体切割术,术后3mo矫正视力〉0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术的临床疗效。方法：对2014-07/2016-12我院白内障科就诊的34例34眼白内障合并晶状体脱位范围〉2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术＋前部玻璃体切割术,3mo后矫正视力〉0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术,分别观察患者术后1wk,1、3mo裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、眼压、角膜散光度、术后并发症情况。结果：随着术后恢复时间的延长,患者各期的裸眼视力和最佳矫正视力均较术前有明显提高。术后3mo最佳矫正视力0.1~〈0.3者1眼,0.3~〈0.5者8眼,0.5~〈0.7者16眼,〉0.7者9眼,达到或接近术前的最佳矫正视力。术后1wk,1、3mo眼压处于正常范围内。手术并没有明显增加角膜的散光度。结论：对于白内障合并晶状体脱位范围〉2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术＋前部玻璃体切割术,3mo后矫正视力〉0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术能有效确切地提高视力,稳定眼压,术后并发症少,是较为安全可靠的治疗方式。

简介：目的观察翼状胬肉切除联合自体结膜移植术中术眼结膜瓣不同取瓣位置对疗效的影响。方法将80例(80眼)单侧原发性翼状胬肉患者分为A、B2组,分别行翼状胬肉切除+自体结膜移植术,其中A组于术眼上方球结膜处取结膜瓣,B组于术眼下方球结膜处取结膜瓣。比较2组患者术后1周、2周、1个月、3个月术眼刺激症状、角膜结膜愈合情况,结膜瓣存活情况及术后3个月胬肉复发情况。结果两组患者术后1周、2周、1个月、3个月术眼刺激症状、角膜结膜愈合情况,结膜瓣存活情况及术后3月胬肉复发情况未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论翼状胬肉切除联合自体结膜移植术中术眼球结膜下方取结膜瓣与上方取瓣疗效相同。且下方取瓣可避免上方球结膜区瘢痕化,为今后可能的内眼手术留有余地。

简介：·AIM:Toinvestigatethetherapeuticeffectsofnanophtha-locyaninephotosensitizersonanexperimentalratchoroidalneovescularization(CNV)model,aswellastoevaluatethecytotoxicityofwhichonhumanretinalpigmentepithelia(HRPE)andhumanretinalendothelialcells(HRECs).·METHODS:Twotypesofphotosensitizers,G1-ZnPc(COOH)8andG1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mrespectively,wereadministratedforphotodynamictherapy(PDT)afterasuccessfulestablishmentofCNVmodelonBrown-Norway(BN)ratsviafundusphotocoagulation.Thetherapeuticeffectsofthetwodrugswereassessedthroughopticalcoherencetomography(OCT),fluoresceinfundusangiography(FFA)andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM).Forcytotoxicitytests,cellcountingkit-8(CCK-8)assaysandchangesofmitochondrialtransmembranepotential(△Ψm)wereconductedonHRPEandHRECsafterinitialuptakeofthetwodrugs.·RESULTS:Bothphotosensitizersdemonstratedanimprove-mentofvascularleakageandclosureofCNV1weekafterPDTasconfirmedbyfundusimage,OCT,FFAandTEM.TwoweeksafterPDT,G1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mshowedabetterCNVclosureeffectversusG1-ZnPc(COOH)8(P<0.05).Asignificantdifference(P<0.01)wasfoundinuptakeofthetwodrugsinHRPEandHRECs,withnodifferencebetweenthedrugs(P>0.05).BothphotosensitizersshowedcytotoxicityonHRPE,butG1-ZnPc(COOH)8/minducedalowercellviability.·CONCLUSION:G1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mmediatedPDTisbetterthanG1-ZnPc(COOH)8inCNVclosureandalsohavetheadvantageoffastmetabolismleadingtolesssideeffect.·

简介：目的探讨缩短小切口非超乳白内障摘除人工晶体晶植人术学习曲线的途径.方法对2006年萧县彭年光明行动中完成29例小切口非超乳白内障摘除人工晶体晶植入术的病例进行回顾性分析.结果通过最先完成17例小切口非超乳白内障摘除人工晶体晶植入术部分手术操作步骤,循序渐进最后独立完成12例小切口非超乳白内障摘除人工晶体晶植入术的全部操作步骤.结论熟练掌握白内障囊外摘除+人工晶体植入技术,是缩短小切口非超乳白内障摘除+IOL植入学习曲线的关键因素.

简介：目的观察初学者学习0．7毫米微创白内障手术改良法的临床效果。方法随机选取门诊和住院白内障患者50人,由初学者在老师指导下应用0．7毫米微创白内障手术改良法施行手术。研究内容包括手术时间,术中灌注液应用量,术中并发症等。结果手术时间随着学习的进程总体呈下降趋势,从开始10例平均时间61分22秒下降到第5个10例的18分54秒。特别是30例后下降明显。共7例9次并发症发生。第4例出现后囊破裂,未行玻璃体切割的情况下成功植入人工晶状体于睫状沟内。前10例中共有2例,第2和4个10例中各1例术中角膜上皮水肿。另外还有1例发生后弹力层撕裂,两例切口撕裂,1例结膜水肿。结论经过短期的0．7毫米微创白内障手术改良法训练,初学者可从传统同轴超声乳化安全转换至0．7毫米微创白内障手术。

简介：目的探讨表而麻醉下小切口囊袋内圈垫式切核白内障囊外摘除术的手术疗效。方法表面麻醉下对116眼（96例）白内障行小切口囊袋内圈垫式切核白内障摘除术,记录术中患者眼疼痛情况及手术时间,术后角膜水肿情况、最佳矫正视力及手术并发症。结果116眼手术均在表面麻醉下完成,术中疼痛分级情况：0级96眼,1级14眼,2级6眼,3级0眼。手术平均时间为13.6±3.5min。术后第1天最佳矫正视力情况：0.2-0.4者16眼,0.5-0.8者82眼,≥1.0者18眼。术后第一天角膜水肿情况：角膜内皮纹样水肿28眼,均于术后3天左右消退;局部斑片样混浊3眼,术后1周内消退。结论表面麻醉下小切口囊袋内圈垫式切核白内障摘除术具有术中操作简便,手术时间短,前房操作空间大,并发症少等优点。

简介：目的观察微小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术手术效果.方法抽选107例（107眼）行微小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术,112例（112眼）行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合硬片人工晶状体植入术,比较术后1周视力.结果术后1周视力大于0.3者分别为88.78％及66.96％.结论微小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术术后1周视力优于小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合硬片人工晶状体植入术,术后近期（1周）效果与超声乳化近期（1周）效果相近,在缺少设备、缺少投入的基层医院值得推广使用.

简介：目的评价小切口超声乳化及大直径折叠式人工晶体植入对于治疗高度近视性白内障的安全性和疗效.方法表面麻醉下对40例68只眼高度近视白内障患者施行透明角膜3.2mm切口超声乳化吸除,植人大直径后房型折叠式人工晶体.观察术中的安全性及术后疗效.结果术中无一例发生后囊膜破裂、前房出血以及爆发性脉络膜上腔出血.术后1天裸眼或矫正视力≥0.5者,占54.41%;术后1周为70.59%;1个月为82.35%;视力≥1.0者,术后1天为8.82%、术后1周为25%、1个月为41.18%.结论小切口超声乳化及大直径折叠式人工晶体植入治疗高度近视白内障,具有视力恢复快、无严重并发症等特点,但是对手术技巧要求较高.术后视力提高与高度近视眼底病变有关.

简介：AIM:Todeterminethehistopathologicalchangesofrifampicinappliedintravitreallyonretinalganglioncellsbymeansofstereologicalandhistopathologicalmethods.METHODS:Forthisstudytwenty-fourNewZealandadultrabbitsweredividedintofourgroups(n=6foreachgroup).50μg/0.1mL(group1),100μg/0.1mL(group2),150μg/0.1mL(group3)and200μg/0.1mL(group4),rifampicinwereinjectedintothevitreousoftherighteyesofanimals,theirlefteyeswereusedascontrol(group5).Afterthe28thdayofapplication,animalswereanesthetisedwithxylazine(8mg/kg,IM)andthentheireyeswereenucleatedimmediately.Patternsweretakenawayandeyeswerepreparedforbothstereologicalandelectromicroscopicobservation.RESULTS:Dependingonthehighdoseofrifampicin,somehistopathologicalchangessuchascytoplasmicdilatationanddamagedmembranewereobservedontheelectromicroscopiclevel.Usingquantitativeexamination,whichwasdoneatthelightmicroscopiclevel,itwasshownthatthenumberofneuronsdecreasedlinearlyasrifampicindoseincreasedwhencomparedwiththecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,low-doserifampicin(50μg/0.1mL)maybeusefulfortreatmentoftheoculardiseases.

简介：·AIM:Toinvestigatetheantifibroticeffectoffreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembraneontrabeculectomyinarabbitmodel.·METHODS:Twenty-fourJapanesewhiterabbitswererandomizedintothreegroups:theexperimentalgroup(oculartrabeculectomyincombinationwithfreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembranetransplantation),thecontrolgroup(oculartrabeculectomyincombinationwithnaturalbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembrane)andtheblankgroup(singletrabeculectomy).Clinicalobservation,hematoxylin-eosinstaining,Massionstaining,real-timePCRandimmunohistochemistryforα-SMAwereperformedondays7,14,21and30followingsurgery.·RESULTS:Statisticaldifferenceswerenotedinsurvivalanalysisandintraocularpressure(IOP)amonggroupsondays7,14,21and30followingsurgery.Histology,immunoh-istochemistryandreal-timePCRfurtherdemonstratedthattrabeculectomyincombinationwithfreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembraneresultedingoodwoundhealingandnoscarformation.·CONCLUSION:Self-madefreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembranemayinhibittheformationofscarringinglaucomaaftertrabeculectomy.·

简介：AIM:Toadaptthelowvision-relatedqualityoflife(LVQOL)instrumentintoTurkishlanguageandtoassessitsvalidityandreliability.METHODS:Thestudywasconductedin387patientsattendingtheCentreofLowVisionRehabilitation,FacultyofMedicine,AnkaraUniversity.Forstatisticalanalyses,theSpearman’scorrelationcoefficient,Cronbach’salphacoefficientandConfirmatoryFactorAnalysis(CFA)wereused.RESULTS:AccordingtoresultsofCFA,theiteminthe'Adjustment'subscalebecauseofhavingthefactorloadingbelow0.40,wasexcludedfromthequestionnaire.ThereliabilityofthequestionnairewasassessedaccordingtoCronbach’salphacoefficients.Thereliabilityofthe'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'subscalewas?琢=0.863;ofthe'Adjustment'subscalewas?琢=0.694;'ReadingandFineWork'was?琢=0.791,and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'was?琢=0.770.Sotheseresultsindicatethatthequestionnaireisreliabletomeasurethevisionrelatedqualityoflifeoflow-visionpatients.Thecorrelationsbetweenthesubscaleswerealsoanalyzed,andthecorrelationbetween'Adjustment'and'ReadingandFineWork'wasfoundtobethelowest(rs=0.336,P<0.001),whereasthestrongestcorrelationwasfoundbetweenthe'ReadingandFineWork',and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'.Additionally,the'Adjustment'dimensionshowedthestrongestcorrelationwithonly'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'dimension.CONCLUSION:Afterremovingthelastitemintheseconddimension,theTurkishadaptationofalldimensionsoftheLVQOLhasbeenshowntobereliable,validandsuitableforuseinpatientswithlowvisioninTurkey.

简介：AIM:ToevaluatetheeffectofCollagencross-linkingonthepreventionofmeltinginrabbitcorneasafteralkaliburn.·METHODS:TwentyNewZealandwhiterabbitswererandomlydividedintomodelcontrolgroupandcollagencross-linkingtreatmentgroup.Thesecondgroupofrabbitsreceivedcollagencrosslinkedtreatment.Bothgroupswereappliedwithantibioticeyedropstopreventinfection.Thecorneaswereevaluatedformelting,opacity,pathologicalandimmunohistochemistry,recordthechangeswhen28daysaftertheanimalswerekilled.·RESULTS:Inthecontrolgroup,6outof8rabbitsshowedcornealmeltingafterinjury(14±4)days,whiletwocornealperforated.Incollagencross-linkingtreatmentgroup,onerabbitshowedcornealmeltingafterinjury23days,withoutcornealperforation;cornealdissolutionratebetweenthetwogroupswassignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).Pathologicalexaminationsuggestedthatinthetreatmentgroup,mildcornealedema,milddamagetocollagenfibers,inflammatorycellinfiltrationwassignificantlylessthanthecontrolgroup.Immunohistochemistryshowedthatcornealcollagenfibersarrangedinneatrowsinthecontrolgroup.·CONCLUSION:Collagencross-linkingtreatmentnotonlycanpreventanddelaythecornealmeltingafteralkaliburn,butalsocanreducethedestructionofcornealcollagenfibersandinfiltrationofinflammatorycellsinthecornealtissue.