简介：AIM:Todefinetheultrasonographicstructureofnormallowereyelidanatomiccompartmentsandtheirspacialrelationshipindynamicmotion.METHODS:Highresolutionultrasound(15MHz)wasperformedonthelowereyelidsof7normalsubjects.Movementsofthelowereyelidanditscompartmentswerevisualizedwithultrasound.Inaddition,themaximalexcursionareaofthelowereyelidfatcompartmentsandretractormotionswasmeasuredbeforeandaftermotion.RESULTS:Theorbicularismusclecouldbeseenasanecholucentstructurebetweenthedermisandtheechodencefatpads.Lowereyelidfatpadseemstobedividedinto2compartmentsasrangeofmotionanddirectionofmovementofeachofthemvaries.Itseemsthatthesecompartmentshavealsodifferentbehavior.Themeasuredprofileareaofthevisiblenormallowereyelidfatpadsduringmovementofglobefromup-gazetodown-gazedecreasedby50%.Orderofmovementoflowereyelidstructuresseemstobeasfollows:afterglobemovementfistweseeretractormovement,anteriororbitalfatpad,thenskinandseptum,andfinallymovementofinferiorfatpad.CONCLUSION:Ultrasoundrepresentsanoninvasivetoolforthevisualizationoflowereyelidmorphology.Expandingitsapplicationcouldhelpusunderstandthecompartmentalchangesinphysiologicaleyelidmovement,inaginganddiseasedstudypopulations,aswellasassessoperativeoutcomes.

简介：为探讨迷路的老化过程,应用透射电镜观察了新生、青年、老年豚鼠的耳蜗和迷路血管系统的变化。发现老年豚鼠血浆成分有改变、听力呈下降倾向;毛细胞、迷路血管及螺旋神经和螺旋神经节细胞均可见一系列损害。作者推测在耳蜗老化过程中血管系统的变化非常重要,至少是耳蜗其他部位老年性改变的原因之一。

简介：目的：探讨机械性眼外伤的临床特征及诊疗结果分析。方法：收集我院收治的机械性眼外伤122例122眼的临床资料,进行记录及回顾性分析。结果：机械性眼外伤122例中,开放性眼外伤116眼（95.1%）,闭合性眼外伤6眼（4.9%）,男女之比6.18∶1,机械性眼外伤以眼球开放性损伤为最多,致伤多以异物为主,经过及时手术治疗,全部保住了眼球,与入院视力相比,出院视力得到明显提高。结论：工作和生产意外是机械性眼外伤的主要原因,病情复杂,合并症多,后果严重,应加强防范。及时的医院就诊和眼科显微手术技术的提高及玻璃体视网膜手术的开展是挽救伤眼视力、降低机械性眼外伤并发症的有效措施。

简介：术中导航系统是鼻和颅底外科学中崛起的一项微创新技术。本文就术中导航系统的历史及其类型和意义作一综述。

简介：目的设计整体运动知觉检测方法和研究正常人运动知觉特性.方法设计整体运动知觉测试软件,由微机控制,测定20例(40眼)正常人的运动知觉阈值.结果正常人运动知觉功能与性别及眼别无相关关系,而大于与小于50岁组的运动知觉分数值分别为4.47±0.40、4.85±0.16,两者具有显著性差异.结论建立了整体运动知觉检测方法,为临床应用打下了基础.

简介：超声乳化术已经成为了目前治疗老年性白内障的主要手术方式。随着超声乳化术的广泛应用，该种术式对于眼前节结构和功能影响的研究也层出不穷。本文回顾了近几年来国内外这方面的相关文献，阐述了超声乳化术对眼前节结构和功能的影响。

简介：如今，随着人们对视觉功能的认识日益增强，视觉功能检查在临床和科研中的应用也越来越广。在临床中，除了眼科和视光学常规检查外，视觉功能的检查也非常重要。它是眼视光医师日常诊治的基本手段，主要分为常规的视觉功能临床检查和基于心理物理学的实验室测量两种。两种方法各有特点，它们的适当结合和分工，能使视觉功能检查更全面，更恰当地为临床及科研服务。

简介：“眼睛是心灵之窗”。眼病的防治工作历来受到党和政府以及卫生部门的关心和支持。根据“1991—2000年上海市防盲和初级眼保健规划”的要求,十多年来,我区的眼防工作在各级领导的重视下,特别是在区卫生局、区民政局、区残联和各街道的通力协作下,我区广大眼病防治人员本着服务社区,服务居民的宗旨,围绕着防盲治盲；社区、

简介：AIM:Tomeasurecentralcornealthickness(CCT)andpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessusingtheGalileidualScheimpfluganalyzer(GSA)inNewZealandWhiterabbits.METHODS:TennormalNewZealandWhiterabbits(20eyes)wereincludedinthisstudy.Withtheassistanceof0.1%fluorescein,thepre-cornealtearfilmcanbewellvisualized.BotheyesofeachrabbitwerescannedoncewiththeGSApre-andpost-instillationof1μL0.1%fluorescein.ThedifferencebetweenthetwomeasurementsofCCT(4-mmdiameter)wasrecordedasthepachymetricvaluesofthecentraltearfilm.RESULTS:TheCCTofpre-andpost-instillationwas388.8±9.5μmand407.0±10.5μm,respectively.Afterapairedt-testanalysis,thecentralpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessof4mmdiameterwas18.2±5.31μmwitha95%confidenceintervalof(15.7,20.6)μm(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:GSAcanbeusedtomeasureCCTandanalyzecentraltearfilmthicknessofrabbitswiththehelpoffluorescein.

简介：目的：探索通过共焦激光眼底血管造影仪（HRA2）观测正常大鼠视网膜血管的形态和分布以及荧光标记的白细胞在眼底的运动情况的方法。方法：大鼠麻醉后散瞳并将其置于动物台上，荧光素钠血管造影观察大鼠视网膜血管的形态和分布，并照相和进行视频记录。另外，体外分离大鼠的外周血白细胞并用CFDA（6-carboxyfluoresceindiacetate）进行荧光标记，之后通过尾静脉将其回输进入同窝另一只大鼠的体内，观察白细胞在眼底血管的运动情况。结果：通过HRA2能够清楚而有效的观察到大鼠视网膜4级以上血管的形态和分布情况，并能够观察到白细胞在眼底血管中的各种运动状态。结论：建立了一种通过HRA2观测大鼠视网膜血管及白细胞运动的方法。

简介：AIM:Toexaminetheα-Galgeneexpressionanddistributioninthedifferentspecies/genusanddevelopingphaseanimalocularsurfacetissue.METHODS:α-Galbindingassaywerecarriedoutonvariousanimaleyesections.Photograph,slit-lampobservationonvariouseyeshowednormalcornealtransparence.RESULTS:Astrongα-Galexpressionininvertebratesandsomevertebratesoculartissue,butnoα-Galbindinginbirds,fishandmammal.α-Galexpressionchangeinthedevelopmentofmiceocularsurfacetissue(exceptsclera)anddisplaygenusdependencyinthedifferentmurineocularsurfacetissue.CONCLUSION:Thisstudyidentifiedspecificα-Galepitopesbindingareaintheocularsurfaceofseveralspeciesandmaysolvetheproblemthatnaiveocularsurfacemaybeusedasnaturalα-Galgeneknockoutmodel/highriskimmunologicrejectionmodelorocularsurfacescaffoldmaterial.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofnon-buckledvitrectomywithclassicalendotamponadeagentsinthetreatmentofprimaryretinaldetachment(RD)complicatedbyinferiorbreaksandproliferativevitreoretinophathy(PVR).METHODS:Aretrospective,consecutiveandcaseseriesstudyof40patientswithinferiorbreakRDandPVR≥C1wasconducted.Allpatientsunderwentastandard3-port20-gaugeparsplanavitrectomy(PPV)withgasorsiliconeoiltamponadewithoutsupplementaryscleralbuckling.Thevitreousandallproliferativemembranewerecompletelyremoved,andretinectomywasperformedwhennecessary.Themeanfollow-upwas12.5months.Theprimaryandfinalanatomicsuccessrate,visualacuityandcomplicationswererecordedandanalyzed.RESULTS:Primaryanatomicsuccessratewasachievedin35of40eyes(87.5%)andthefinalanatomicsuccessratewas100%.ThemostcommoncauseofredetachmentwasrecurrentPVR.Thebest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)atfinalfollow-upwasimprovedin34eyes(85%),remainedstablein1eye(2.5%),andworsenedin5eyes(12.5%).Themeanvisualacuityatfinalfollow-upwasimprovedsignificantly(P=0.000).CONCLUSION:ThisretrospectivestudyprovidesevidencethatvitrectomywithoutscleralbucklingseemedtobeaneffectivetreatmentforinferiorbreakRDwithPVR.Withcompleteremovalofvitreousandproliferativemembranesandtimingofretinectomy,theinferiorbreakswhichcomplicatedwithPVRcouldbeclosedsuccessfullywithoutadditionalscleralbuckling.

简介：AIM:Todeterminewhethersinglenucleotidepolymorphism(SNP)rs641153isassociatedwiththeriskofage-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD),weperformedasystematicmeta-analysisof15eligiblestudies.SNPinthecomplementfactorB(CFB)geneisconsideredtohavesignificantassociationwithAMDsusceptibility,butthereisgreatdiscrepancyintheseresults.METHODS:TheeligiblestudieswereidentifiedbysearchingthedatabasesofPubMed,EMBASE,andWebofScience.Oddsratios(ORs)with95%confidenceintervals(CIs)wereusedtoassesstheassociation.AlldatawereanalyzedusingStatasoftware.RESULTS:Theassociationbetweenrs641153andAMDriskwasstatisticallysignificantunderthehomozygousmodel(AAvsGG:OR=0.26,95%CI=0.15-0.45,P_h=0.973,/~2=0.0%,fixedeffects),dominantmodel(AA+GAvsGG:OR=0.49,95%CI=0.40-0.59,P_h=0.004,/~2=56.4%,randomeffects)andrecessivemodel(AAvsGA+GG:OR=0.30,95%CI=0.17-0.51,R_n=0.983,I~2=0.0%,fixedeffects).Thesameresultswerealsoobservedinthestratifiedanalysesbyethnicity,sourceofcontrolandsamplesize.CONCLUSION:Ourmeta-analysissuggeststhatrs641153intheCFBgenemayplayaprotectiveroleinAMDsusceptibility,thelateAMDinparticular,bothinCaucasiansandinAsians.

简介：鼻内镜术后窦黏膜的组织学检查及黏膜纤毛清除功能较术前均有改善,部分组织学及黏膜纤毛清除功能的恢复可能需要1年甚至更长的时间.鼻内镜术后鼻窦的组织学形态与功能之间存在好的对应性.手术后的鼻内镜检查和糖精试验联合使用,可以有效评估黏膜的恢复情况.

简介：MicroRNAs（miRNAs）是一类长18~25个核苷酸的单链非编码小分子RNA,属于表观遗传学范畴,广泛存在于真核细胞中,通过其表达量的上调和下调,影响细胞分化、增殖、凋亡,肿瘤发生,机体代谢以及衰老等生命过程。近年来有研究发现,miRNAs在眼部的晶状体中也有表达,其表达量的异常可能与年龄相关性白内障（ARC）有密切关系。本文主要就miRNAs与ARC相关性的研究进展作一综述。

简介：AIM:Toassessthequantitativeassociationbetweenanisometropiamagnitude(AM)andthelossesofresolutionandcontrastsensitivity;andtoexemplifyhowthefunctionoffusionandstereopsisvarywithAMinpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopia.METHODS:Atotalof57patientswithpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopiawithoutstrabismus(range:8-35years),weremeasuredrefractiveerror,bestcorrectedvisualacuity(BCVA),fusionandstereopsis,and48patientshavecompletedcontrastsensitivityfunctiontest.AMwasdeterminedbydioptricvectoradditionmodel,andtheamblyopiadepthwasdeterminedbythedifferenceofBCVAinlogMARunitsbetweentheamblyopicandfelloweyes.RESULTS:AMwassignificantlycorrelatedwithbothamblyopiadepth(PearsonR=0.728,P<0.001)andtheinter-oculardifferenceoftheareaunderthelogcontrastsensitivityfunction(AULCSF)(R=0.505,P<0.001).Depthofamblyopiaandtheinter-oculardifferenceofAULCSFwasalsosignificantlycorrelated(R=0.761,P<0.001).Themoreseverityofamblyopia,thepoorerlevelsofcontrastsensitivity.MostpureanisometropeswithAMwaslessthan3.0Dretainfusionandsomestereopsis,butwhenAMweremorethan3.0D,especiallyfortheanisometropeswhoseAMwasmorethan6.0D,fusionandstereopsisfunctionwereseriouslyimpaired.CONCLUSION:Inthepatientswithpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopia,higherdegreeofanisometropiaissignificantlyassociatedwithdeeperamblyopia,worsecontrastsensitivity,fusionandstereopsisfunctions.

简介：目的：比较雷珠单抗和光动力疗法（photodynamictherapy，PDT）治疗湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性（age-relatedmaculardegeneration，AMD）的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析23例PDT治疗的湿性AMD患者和23例予雷珠单抗玻璃体腔内注射治疗的湿性AMD患者的资料，比较两组在治疗后1，3，6mo的视力、OCT及FFA变化情况。结果：两组患者术后1，3mo视力均得到明显提高，两组在统计学意义上无显著差异，雷珠单抗组有2例（9％）患者在治疗后6mo出现视力回降现象，PDT组患者在术后3mo及术后6mo视力变化稳定。结论：雷珠单抗和PDT治疗湿性AMD，均能有效控制湿性AMD患者病情发展并能改善患者视力，两种疗法疗效的比较在短期内无统计学意义，但是术后6mo，PDT的稳定性优于雷珠单抗。

简介：目的回顾性研究中央角膜厚度（CCT）、眼轴长度对眼压的影响。方法155例310只眼行LASIK手术前检查,角膜厚度和眼轴长度由A超测量获得,眼压由Cannon非接触式眼压计测量,进行Pearson相关分析和偏相关分析。结果非接触式眼压IOP数值明显依赖于CCT（r=0.405,=0.000）,IOP与眼轴长度之间具有统计学意义的相关性（r=0.137,〈0.01）。结论CCT对Cannon非接触式眼压计测量的眼压值有明显影响,眼轴长度与IOP之间有相关性。

简介：·Thisisacasepresentationofaverybizarreopenglobetraumawithanteriorsegmentforeignbody-fishinghookstuckinthecorneaandiris.Complicationsduetothiskindofeyetraumamightbeveryhazardousandwithseriousimpactonvisualfunction.Wearerepresentingourapproachandexperienceofthreestepmanagementofthiskindofeyeinjury:first-extracttheforeignbody,closeandreconstructtheeyeball,second-fightinflammation,andthird-restorethevisualfunctionbycataractsurgery.·

简介：目的研究不同程度面神经损伤后面神经运动神经元细胞凋亡相关蛋白caspase-3的表达。方法制作面神经切断和阻断30s的Wistar大鼠面瘫模型，应用链霉素卵白素生物素复合物检测术后1d至4周面神经运动神经元细胞凋亡相关蛋白caspase-3的表达。结果面神经切断组面神经运动神经元caspase-3表达先上升后下降，其中切断后第7天最高，1—7dcaspase-3的阳性率为25％-62％，7—28dcaspase-3的阳性率为0～62％；面神经阻断组面神经运动神经元caspase-3的表达与面神经切断组相似，1—7dcaspase-3的阳性率为23％-58％，7—28dcaspase-3的阳性率为0～58％。结论caspase-3可反应面神经运动神经元的凋亡情况，提示可以利用调控凋亡相关蛋白的表达干预凋亡，达到治疗面神经损伤造成的面瘫。（中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志，2008，8：12．14）