简介：AIM:Todiscussandcomparethefundusautofluorescence(FAF)andopticalcoherencetomography(OCT)inacuteorchroniccentralserouschorioretinopathy(CSCR).METHODS:Medicalrecordsof100casesofCSCRwerereviewed.Acuteandchroniccaseswereevaluatedaccordingtothedurationofdecreasedvisualacuity,serousretinaldetachment(RD)andfocalleakageonfluoresceinangiography(FA).Chi-squaretestwasusedforstatisticalanalysis.RESULTS:Fortycaseshadacuteand60caseshadchronicCSCR.FAFshowedfocalhypo-autofluorescencein34(85%)andiso-autofluorescencein6(15%)ofacutecasesandhypo-autofluorescencein51(85%),hyperautofluorescencein6(10%)andiso-autofluorescencein3(5%)ofchroniccases.OCTshowedserousRDwithdistinctborderscorrelatedwithFAFfindings(hypoautofluorescence)inallacuteCSCRcases.InchronicCSCRgroup,OCTshowedserousRDwithindistinctborderscorrelatedwithFAFfindings.ThedifferencesbetweentheOCTandFAFfindingsofthetwogroupsweresignificant(P=0.000).CONCLUSION:OCTandFAFfindingscansupporttheclinicalobservationsindifferentialdiagnosisofacuteandchronicCSCRandhelpclinicianstoevaluateretinalpigmentepithelium,outersegmentsofphotoreceptorsandthecomponentsofserousRD.

简介：为了在长期的绿内障patients.METHODSA评估有中央角膜的subbasal神经纤维层的眼睛的表面变化和它的关联，没有任何眼睛的问题，眼睛的表面评估的未来的比较学习为至少6mo和25个正常题目的50只眼睛在使用二的25个病人或更多的antiglaucoma药的50只眼睛被执行作为控制。评估的学习参数包括了视觉尖酸，intraocular压力，眼睛的表面评估参数[荧光黄分散时间(FTBUT)，我测试的Schirmers，眼睛的表面染色分数和眼睛的表面疾病索引分数(OSDI)]，中央角膜的感觉(CochetBonnettaesthesiometer)，由在绿内障盒子和控制组中的共焦的microscopy.RESULTSThe平均数值的中央subbasal神经纤维层密度(SBNFLD)分别地如下：OSDI分数(35.89祣潴楫敮????????????木????€???€乔????偉?‰??????????倨???‵？？

简介：目的:研究二肽基肽酶II(dipeptidylpeptidaseII,DPPII)在D-半乳糖性白内障大鼠晶状体和正常大鼠晶状体中含量的变化,探讨DPPII与白内障发病的关系。方法:建立D-半乳糖性白内障大鼠动物模型,进行相应分期分组,应用Westernblot方法检测DPPII在各组白内障大鼠及正常大鼠晶状体中含量变化。结果:DPPII在各组D-半乳糖性白内障大鼠晶状体中的含量明显高于同期正常对照组,并且随着晶状体混浊程度的加重而增加。结论:DPPII在D-半乳糖性白内障大鼠晶状体中的含量增加,可能与白内障发病相关。

简介：AIM:Todeterminethenormativevaluesofwhite-towhitecornealdiameterwithOrbscanIITopographySystemandtocomparerightandlefteyesdatainthenormalyoungpopulation.METHODS:Atotalof1001healthyparticipantsaged18-45yparticipatedinthisobservationalcross-sectionalstudy.Thestudypopulationconsistedof616femaleand385malesubjects.ThecornealdiameterwasmeasuredwiththeOrbscanII.Thedifferencesbetweengenders,betweenrightandlefteyesandage-relatedchangeswereevaluated.StatisticalanalyseswereperformedusingStudent’st-test.RESULTS:Theaveragewhite-to-whitedistanceinourstudypopulationwasrecordedas11.65±0.36mm(median:11.60mm,mode:11.70mm,minimum:10.50mmandmaximum:13.60mm).Thewhite-to-whitedistancewas11.60±0.35mminmalesand11.71±0.36mminfemaleswhichwasstatisticallydifferentbetweengenders(P<0.01).However,white-to-whitedistancewasnotstatisticallydifferentbetweenrightandlefteyes.Inaddition,thisparameterdecreasedwithincreasingage.Considering95%confidenceinterval,cornealdiameterlessthan10.93mmandgreaterthan12.34mmwouldbeconsideredasmicrocorneaandmegalocornea,respectivelybasedonthisstudypopulation,usingtheOrbscanIItopography.CONCLUSION:DetaileddescriptionandanalysisofcornealdiameterwithOrbscandemonstratethattheobtainedaveragevalueofhorizontalwhite-to-whiteishigherinmalethanfemaleanddecreasesslightlywithincreasingage.Ourdataalsosuggeststhecutoffvaluesfordefinitionofmicrocorneaandmegalocornea,whichcanbeemployedwiththispopulation.

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简介：AIM:Todelineatethecharacteristicsofthedynamicstereopsistestandanalyzerelatedparametersinintermittentexotropia[X(T)]patients.METHODS:Fifty-sevenX(T)patientsand55normalsubjectswereenrolledinthisstudy.ThenormalandX(T)groupswereusedtotestthereproducibilityandreliabilityofthedynamicstereopsistest,andBangerterfilterswithdensitiesof0.2werethenusedtosimulatesuppressiontotestfortraditionalanddynamicstereopsis.IntheX(T)group,themeasurementsincluded1)dynamicstereopsistestcomprisingthreeparts:motion+disparity,motiononlyanddisparityonly;2)oculardeviationangle;3)Bagolinistriatedlenstest;4)diseasecourse;and5)Titmusstereopsistest.RESULTS:Thetest-retestreliabilityofthedynamicstereopsismethodwas0.901inthenormalandX(T)groups,andnoneoftheX(T)patientswereabletopassthestaticanddynamicstereopsistestsafterusingthe0.2Bangerterfilter.Theaccuracyratewasgreaterthan80%inthenormalgroupand31.81%,36.36%,and45.45%forthemotion+disparity,motion-onlyanddisparityonlycomponentsofthetraditionaltestforX(T)patientsdiagnosedwithstereoblindnessviatraditionaltests,respectively.Patientswithalongdiseasecourse(>1y)hadworsedynamicstereopsisthanthosewithashortdiseasecourse(<1y;P<0.05,Chi-squaretest).Thedeviationanglewasnotcorrelatedwiththemotion+disparity,disparityonly,orthemotion-onlytestcomponents(allP>0.05,Chisquaretest).CONCLUSION:DynamicstereopsisispreservedincertainX(T)patientsdiagnosedwithstereoblindnessviatraditionaltests.AlongdiseasecoursewasshowntobeanegativefactorfordynamicstereopsisinX(T)patientswhichmightbeassociatedwithworseprogression,andprovidegoodreferencesclinically.

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简介：AIM:ToreviewvisionhealthsituationofIraniancommunity,analyzeitsdeterminants,anddiscusstheadoptedimprovementstrategiesbytheIranMinistryofHealthandMedicalEducation(MOHME).METHODS:Thiswasarapidsituationanalysiswithaqualitativeapproachinthreepartsofrecognition,orientationandimplementation.Thedataweregatheredviareviewofupstreamdocuments,nationalandinternationalexperiences,andexpertsandstakeholders’opinions.RESULTS:Eradicatingtrachoma,increasinghumanresources,increasingeducationalandresearchcentersandpromotionofophthalmictechnologieswereimportantachievementsinthefieldofvisionhealthinIran.Throughtheseachievements,itseemedthatthepatternofcausesofblindnessandlowvisionwassimilartothatofthedevelopedcountries.However,thereviewofIranians’visionhealthindicatorsshowedthataconsiderablepercentoftheblindnessandlowvisionwasavoidablethroughanationalprogramdemanding3typesofinterventionsinsocialdeterminantsofhealth(SDH),communityeducation,andincreasingtheaccesstohealthcareservicesbyintegratingthenecessaryservicesinprimaryhealthcaresystem.CONCLUSION:Managingtheissuerequiresattentionsfromanationalcommitteeforpreventingblindnesswithparticipationofallstakeholders,implementinganationalsurveyonvisionhealth,preparationoftheprimarylevelhealthcentersincludingemploymentandeducationofcommunityhealthworkers(Behvarzes),optometristsandgeneralpractitioners,fairdistributionofspecializedhumanresourcesandestablishingatleastonespecializedcenterineachprovinceforreferringpatientsfromtheprimarylevels.

简介：Thechangesintheiridocornealanglestructureduringaccommodationareassessedbymeansofanteriorsegmentopticalcoherencetomography.Thirteenrighteyeswereincludedinthestudy.ThedeviceusedforthemeasurementwastheVisante?omnisystem.Thestimuliweresetupatdifferentvergences(0.0D,-1.5D,and-3.0D).Theangleopeningdistance500and750,thetrabecularirisspacearea500and750,andthescleralspurangleparameterswereassessedatthenasalandtemporalregions.Theresultsintheiridotrabecularanglecomparingthethreeaccommodativestatesoftheeyedidnotyieldanystatisticallysignificantdifferenceatnasalortemporalanglesections.Inlightofourresultsandintheconditionsofourstudy,thestructuresoftheiridocornealanglearenotsignificantlychangedwithaccommodation.

简介：<正>DearSir,Weherebyreportacaseofbilateralacuteangleclosureglaucomasecondarytoasystemicdecongestantcontainingpseudoephedrinefreelyavailableoverthecounter.Acuteangleclosureglaucomaisanocularemergency.Delayedrecognitionandtreatmentinevitablyleadstopermanentvisualimpairment.Acuteangleclosureoccursasaresultofobstructiontoaqueousdrainagebyblockageofthetrabecularmeshworkbytheiris.Typicalpresentingsymptomsincludeacuteonsetofocularpain,headacheandblurredvision.Onclinicalexamination,itischaracterizedbyamarkedlyraisedIOPofabove21mmHgtogetherwith

简介：DearEditor,Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada(VKH)diseaseisacell-mediatedautoimmunesyndromedirectedagainstmelanocytes.Itisconsideredamultisystemdisordercharacterizedbygranulomatouspanuveitisoftenassociatedwithneurologicandcutaneousmanifestations.Thechoroidisthemainsiteof

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简介：AIM:Toevaluatetherefractivecorrectionforstandardautomatedperimetry(SAP)ineyeswithrefractivemultifocalcontactlenses(CL)inhealthyyoungparticipants.METHODS:Twenty-nineeyesof29participantswereincluded.Accommodationwasparalyzedinallparticipantswith1%cyclopentolatehydrochloride.SAPwasperformedusingtheHumphreySITA-standard24-2and10-2protocolunderthreerefractiveconditions:monofocalCLcorrectedforneardistance(baseline);multifocalCLcorrectedfordistance(mCL-D);andmCL-Dcorrectedfornearvisionusingaspectaclelens(mCL-N).Primaryoutcomemeasureswerethefovealthreshold,meandeviation(MD),andpatternstandarddeviation(PSD).RESULTS:ThefovealthresholdofmCL-Nwithboththe24-2and10-2protocolssignificantlydecreasedby2.2-2.5dB(P<0.001),whilethatofmCL-Dwiththe24-2protocolsignificantlydecreasedby1.5dB(P=0.0427),ascomparedwiththatofbaseline.AlthoughtherewasnosignificantdifferencebetweentheMDofbaselineandmCL-Dwiththe24-2and10-2protocols,theMDofmCL-Nwassignificantlydecreasedby1.0-1.3dB(P<0.001)ascomparedwiththatofbothbaselineandmCL-D,withboth24-2and10-2protocols.TherewasnosignificantdifferenceinthePSDamongthethreerefractiveconditionswithboththe24-2and10-2protocols.CONCLUSION:Despitetheinducedmydriasisandtheopticaldesignofthemultifocallensusedinthisstudy,ourresultsindicatedthat,whenthedome-shapedvisualfieldtestisperformedwitheyeswithlargepupilsandwearingrefractivemultifocalCLs,distancecorrectionwithoutadditionalnearcorrectionistoberecommended.

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简介：在反脉管的endothelial生长的一个年以后与有斑点的浮肿的分辨率和foveal消沉的恢复在眼睛报导foveal厚度减小为包含中心的糖尿病的有斑点的浮肿(DME)的因素(anti-VEGF)治疗.METHODSFoveal厚度与光连贯断层摄影术被估计决定中央子字段foveal厚度(CSFT)并且在有DME的42只眼睛的有斑点的体积(CSFT>275湥獴愠?潣灭牡摥琠?敨污桴?潣瑮潲?牧畯？

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheneuroprotectiveeffectofgastrodinonretinalganglioncells(RGCs)inanacuteocularhypertension(AOH)ratmodelandtoidentifyitspossiblemechanism.METHODS:AOHratmodelwasperformedinarandomlyselectedeyebyanteriorchamberperfusionandeitherreceivedanintraperitonealinjectionwithvariousconcentrationsofgastrodinornormalsaline.After2wk,theratsweresacrificed.FluoroGoldwasusedtolabelsurvivalRGCs.Immunostainingwithanti-Iba1intheretinalflatmountstocalculatethemicrogliadensityintheganglioncelllayer(GCL).Changesinmicroglialcytokines,tumournecrosisfactor-alpha(TNF-α)andinducibleNOsynthase(iNOS)wereexaminedwithWesternblotandreversetranscriptionquantitativepolymerasechainreaction.Expressionlevelsoftotalandphosphorylatedp38mitogenactivatedproteinkinase(MAPK)weredeterminedbyWesternblot.RESULTS:ResultsshowedthatAOHinducedsignificantlossofRGCsandseveremicrogliaactivationintheGCL.Besides,AOHincreasedthephosphorylationofp38MAPKandpromotedthereleaseofmicroglialcytokinesintheretinas.Intraperitonealinjectionwithdose-dependentgastrodinsignificantlyreducedthelossofRGCsandinhibitedretinalmicrogliaactivation,accompaniedwiththedecreasedexpressionlevelsofmicroglialcytokinesandp38MAPKphosphorylation.CONCLUSION:GastrodinexertsaneuroprotectiveeffectonRGCsinanacuteglaucomaanimalmodelviainhibitingmicrogliaactivationandmicroglial-mediatedneuroinflammation.ThefindingdemonstratesthepotentialapplicationofgastrodinintheneuroprotectivetherapyofacuteglaucomaandotherretinalneurodegenerativediseasescharacterizedbymicrogliaactivationandRGCsdeath.

简介：AIMTo评估网膜的神经纤维层(RNFL)在没有眼的神经dysfunction.METHODSA的临床的符号的甲状腺ophthalmopathy的病人的厚度侧面未来，盒子控制，在一个第三级的照顾中心进行的观察学习。包括标准与中的任何一个联合与眼皮收回由病人组成了：生物化学的甲状腺机能障碍，exophthalmos，或眼睛外面的肌肉参与；或与exophthalmos或眼睛外面的肌肉参与联合的甲状腺机能障碍；或一个临床的活动分数(CAS)>3/7。RNFL厚度的二大小为每只眼睛被做，到样品的触毛HD光的连贯断层摄影术6moapart.RESULTSMean年龄与18男性和22女性一起是38.75y(范围13-70y)。平均RNFL厚度起初访问92.06？？

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简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyandsafetyofkryptonlaserperipheraliridoplasty(LPIP)forChinesepatientswithprimaryangleclosure(PAC)orprimaryangle-closureglaucoma(PACG)statuspostlaseriridotomyinreversingthepositiveresultsofthedarkroomprovocativetest(DRPT).METHODS:Thisstudywasprospective,noncomparative,interventionalcaseseries.Thirty-threepatients(thirty-eighteyes)withPACorPACGstatuspostpatentlaseriridotomyandmaintainednormalintraocularpressure(IOP)butwithpositiveDRPTresultswereenrolled.AllthesubjectsweretreatedwithkryptonLPIP.DRPTwasrepeatedafterkryptonLPIP.ResultsofDRPTwererecorded.Thevisualacuity,IOPandgonioscopywereanalyzedbeforeandafterkryptonLPIP.Aminimumtimelimitforfollow-upwas6mo.RESULTS:Thirty-threepatients(thirty-eighteyes)werefollowedfor17.7±8.37mo(range7-41mo)afterLPIP.PositiveresultsofDRPTdecreasedfrom38eyesto9eyes(23.7%)afterLPIP.Peripheralanteriorsynechiaeofanglein34of38eyes(89.5%)remainedunchangedatdynamicgonioscopythroughoutthefollow-upperiodafterLPIP.CONCLUSION:LPIPdecreasedpositiveratesoftheDRPTsignificantly.ThemechanismmaybethatLPIPminimizedcontactbetweentheperipheralirisandtrabecularmeshwork,whichisakeyfactorfordevelopingperipheralanteriorsynechiae.