简介：AIM:ToobtaininformationontheprevailingpracticepatternsofglaucomaspecialistsinIndia.METHODS:GlaucomaspecialistsattendingtheAnnualConferenceoftheGlaucomaSocietyofIndia(GSI)weresurveyed.Thissurvey,conductedin2013,wasbasedonaninteractiveaudienceresponsesystem.RESULTS:Theinformationwasobtainedfrom146glaucomaspecialists.Approximatelyhalf(n=83;57%)had≥10yofexperienceinmanagingglaucomaandwereininstitutionalpractice(n=74,51%).Goldmannapplanationtonometrywaspreferredby103(72%)specialistswhilstn=25(17.4%)usednon-contacttonometer.Indentationgonioscopywasfavouredbytwo-thirds(n=90,66%)whereasstereoscopicopticdiscexaminationandvisualfieldsusingHumphreyperimeterwasperformedbyamajorityofthespecialistssurveyed(n=115,86%andn=114;83%respectively).Nearlythreequarterspecialists(n=96;72%)preferredopticalcoherencetomographyforimaging.Theprimarychoicefortreatmentofangleclosurediseaseandprimaryopenangleglaucomawaslaser(iridotomy,n=117;93%)andmedicalmanagement(prostaglandinanalogue,n=104;78%),respectively.Approximatelyonlyathirdofthespecialistssurveyed(n=37;28%)wereperformingbothtrabeculectomyandimplantationofaglaucomadrainagedeviceandabouthalf(n=64;47%)werenotoperatingoncongenitalglaucomaatall.CONCLUSION:Thissurveyhasfoundconformancewithpreferredpracticepatternsinseveralareasofdiagnosisandmanagementofglaucoma,buttherewasdiversityinafewareas.TheinformationisasignificantsteptowardsimprovementofglaucomacareinIndia,includingplanningforfuturestrategies.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatewhetherthelevelofthrombospondin-1(TSP-1)inaqueoushumorcanpredicttheprognosisoftrabeculectomyinpatientswithprimaryangle-closureglaucoma(PACG).METHODS:Thiscase-controlstudyinvolved26patientswithPACGwhoexperiencedafailedtrabeculectomy(casegroup)and78age-andsex-matchedpatientswithPACGwhounderwentsuccessfultrabeculectomy(controlgroup).AqueoushumorwascollectedatthetimeoftrabeculectomyandtestedforTSP-1andTGF-β2levelswithanenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassaymethod.Logisticregressionmodelingwasusedtoassesstheriskfactorsforfailedtrabeculectomy.RESULTS:ThemeanTSP-1aqueousconcentrationsweresignificantlyhigherinthecasegroup(20.67±9.79ng/mL)thanthecontrolgroup(5.17±2.29ng/mL)(P<0.001).Thetransforminggrowthfactor-β2(TGF-β2)aqueousconcentrationsweresignificantlydifferentbetweenthecaseandcontrolgroup,at3633.25and1090.24pg/mL,respectively(P<0.001).LogisticregressionanalysisrevealedTSP-1levelasanindependentriskfactorforafailedtrabeculectomy(OR=3.540;95%CI=1.092-11.482).CONCLUSION:TheaqueoushumorTSP-1andTGF-β2levelsarehigherinPACGeyeswithfailedtrabeculectomythanwithsuccessfultrabeculectomyatoneyear.TheaqueoushumorTSP-1levelisanindependentriskfactorassociatedwithfailedtrabeculectomy.

简介：Introduction:Frequencydoublingtechnology(FDT)providesascreeningprogramforthedetectionofglaucomatousopticnervedamage.Theexaminationtimeusingthisprogramisveryshort,lessthanoneminutepereye.High-passresolutionperime-try(HRP)isknowntobesensitiveforearlyglaucomadamageandhasbeenreportedtodetectchangeearlier,thanconvention-

简介：Purpose:Tostudythecorrelationbetweenfunctionalandstructurallossinchronicglaucoma,asdetectedbyFrequencyDoublingTechnology(FDT)andHeilderbergRetinaTomograph(HRT).MaterialandMethods:60eyesof60patientswitheitherocularhypertensionorchronicopen-angleglaucomaunderwentvisualfieldtestingwithbothstandardautomated

简介：BackgroundRecentstudieshaveshowedthatperivascularadiposetissue(PVAT)maysecretetheadventitial-derivedrelaxingfactor(ADRF)toaffectvascularfunction.However,thefunctionalchangeofADRFinhypertensivestatusisseldomstudied;andthemechanismsofADRFremainunclear.OurstudyexaminedtheADRFsecretedbyperivascularadiposetissueofcontrolratswithnormalbloodpressure(WistarKyotorats,WKY)anddiscussedthemechanismsofADRF;WeobservedthefunctionalchangeinADRFofperivascularadiposetissueinspontaneouslyhypertensiverats(SHRs).MethodThetwoadjacentthoracicaortaringsofSHRandWKYratsweredividedintonakedvesselsubgroupandPVATsubgroup.Thedifferencesofvascularcontractilitybetweenthetwosubgroupsinducedby10-6mmol/Lphenylephrinewerecompared.TheeffectofPVATculturemediumofWKYonthevasculartensionofFat(-)vesselswasobservedbyliquidtransfermeasure.ThemechanismofADRFwasdeterminedbytooldrugs.ResultsInWKYgroup,vascularcontractilityofFat(+)subgroupwaslowerthanthatoftheFat(-)subgroup(P<0.05);whileinSHRgroup,therewasnodifferencebetweenthetwosubgroups(P>0.05).TransferringtheincubationsolutionofWKYFat(+)subgrouptothematchedFat(-)subgroupinducedrapidvasodilation.WhenincubatingbloodvesselsincalciumfreePSSsolution,therewasnosignificantdifferenceofphenylephrine-inducedvasoconstrictionbetweenFat(-)andFat(+)subgroup.Bothglibenclamide,theblockerofATP-sensitivepotassium(KATP)channelandTetraethy-lammoniumchloride(TEA),theinhibitorofcalcium-dependentpotassium(KCa)channel,effectivelyinhibitedvasodilationfunctionofADRF.ConclusionsPerivascularadiposetissueinWKYreleasesADRFwhichcancausevasodilation,whilethisfunctionwasinhibitedinSHR.ADRFactsthroughtheactivationofKCaandKATPchannelsandcalciumionisinvolved.

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简介：为了比较在在medication.METHODSA上有选择激光trabeculoplasty(SLT)和那些的病人之间的生活和治疗满足的质量，收到了SLT和用反绿内障药继续的一个控制组的143个绿内障病人上的未来的临床的试用被进行。眼泪分散时间(，但是)，标点角膜炎，对帮助的需要，人工的眼泪的使用和intraocular压力(IOP)的治疗满足调查在基线被测量，6并且12mo.RESULTSSLT能减少从1.56需要的药的吝啬的数字

简介：AIM:Todescribetheresultsof5consecutivecasesofclearlensextractioninangleclosurepatientsforthetreatmentofelevatedintraocularpressure(IOP).·METHODS:Retrospectiveobservationalcaseseries.Allangleclosurepatientswereontwoormoretopicalglaucomamedicationsandhadpriorlaseriridotomy.Eyesunderwentclearlensextractionbyphacoemu-lsificationwithintraocularlensimplantation.·RESULTS:Allfivepatientsinthiscaseseriescarriedthediagnosisofangle-closureglaucomaandhaduncontrolledIOPpriortosurgerydespitetopicalmedications.AfterclearlensextractionthreeofthecaseshadgoodIOPcontrol(IOP<22mmHg)withouttheneedfortopicalmedications.InonecasetheIOPwasbettercontrolledaftersurgery,however,topicalmedicationswererequired.ThedesiredIOPwasnotmetinonecasedespiterestartingmaximumtopicaltherapy.·CONCLUSION:Thiscaseseriessuggeststhattheremaybearolefortherapeuticclearlensextractioninselectcasesofangle-closureglaucoma.

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简介：ObjectivesToanalyzetheriskfactorsforrecurrenthemorrhageaftercraniotomyforhypertensivecerebralhemorrhage(HCH).MethodsClinicaldatafrom162HCHpatientswhounderwentsurgerywereretrospectivelyanalyzedforthecorrelationbetweenrecurrenthemorrhageandgender,age,durationofhypertension,historyofdiabetesmellitusandhypercholesterolemia,siteandvolumeofhemorrhageandpost-surgicalsystolicanddiastolicpressure.ResultsPost-surgicalrecurrenthemorrhagewasfoundin24patients.Withmulti-variateregressionanalysis,historyofdiabetes,long-termhypertensionandhigherpost-surgicalsystolicpressurewereprovedpositivelycorrelatedtotheincidenceofrecurrenthemorrhageaftercraniotomyforhypertensivecerebralhemorrhage(P<0.05).ConclusionsRiskfactorsforrecurrenthemorrhageaftercraniotomyforhypertensivecerebralhemorrhagearehistoryofdiabetes,long-termhypertensionandhigherpost-surgicalsystolicpressure.Patientswithdiabetesandhypertensionareathigherriskforcerebralhemorrhageorpost-surgicalrecurrenthemorrhage.Effectivecontrolonbloodpressureaftersurgerycanreducetheincidenceofrecurrenthemorrhageaftersurgeryforhypertensivecerebralhemorrhage.

简介：AIM:ToevaluatetheoutcomesofAhmedglaucomavalve(AGV)implantationsurgeryforrefractoryglaucoma.METHODS:Thisone-armedhistoricalcohortstudywasconductedin2011.Refractoryglaucomawasdefinedaseyeswithanintraocularpressure(IOP)greaterthan21mmHgwithmaximallytoleratedglaucomamedications,failedsurgeries,orboth.ForalleyeswithrefractoryglaucomathatunderwentAGVimplantation,datawerecollectedonIOP,thebestcorrectedvisualacuity(BCVA)andglaucomamedicationspreoperativelyand4,6,12,24and56wkpostoperatively.LogarithmvaluesofIOPwerecalculatedandcompared.RESULTS:Thestudygroupwascomprisedof30patients(30eyes,16malesand14females)withrefractoryglaucoma.MeanpreoperativeIOPwas39.3±13.8mmHg.PostoperativemeanIOPwas15.7±7.1mmHg,19.6±12.8mmHgand13.9±14.2mmHgat12,24and56wkrespectively.BCVAwas≥6/60in11eyespreoperatively,andfiveeyeshadBCVA≥6/60at56wkpostoperatively.Preoperatively,morethanfourmedicationswereusedtotreatglaucomain21eyes.At12wkpostoperatively,nomedicationswererequiredtocontrolIOPin20eyes.At56wkpostoperatively,atleastonemedicationwasrequiredtocontrolIOPin10eyes.Overtheentirefollowupperiod,foureyesweretreatedwithyttriumaluminiumgarnet(YAG)laserand14eyesrequiredasecondsurgery.TheAGVwasremovedinfoureyes.CONCLUSION:AGVimplantationreducedIOPandthenumberofmedicationsrequiredtocontrolrefractoryglaucoma.However,therewasahigherriskofdecreasedvision.Long-termfollowupandpromptinterventionarerecommended.

简介：在场的AIMTo为过滤绿内障外科以便控制高手术后的intraocular压力(IOP)的一种新奇scleral拍动suturing技术为mitomycinC的手风琴缝术技术的.METHODSDescription扩充了trabeculectomy。在手术后的高IOP的情况下，拉缝术的环帮助在两个边上由一个平压力在scleral拍动上面上升。借助于这种技术，scleral拍动以一种手风琴方式，因此阻止的拍动阻塞和提供的足够的水的flow.RESULTSOur学习开口组与neovascular由8个病人的8只眼睛组成了绿内障。这些题目的吝啬的年龄是67.42吗？？

简介：AIM:Toestablishtheefficacyandsafetyofbimatoprost0.03%monotherapyinglaucomaandocularhypertension(OHT)patientswithinadequateintraocularpressure(IOP)oncurrenttherapy.METHODS:Pre-andpost-switchIOPswereanalyzedfor59consecutivepatientswhowereswitchedfromcurrenttherapytobimatoprostmonotherapybetween2011-2015.Demographicinformation,diagnosis,andanyadverseeventswererecorded.ChangeinIOPpost-preswitchwasanalyzedusinga2-sidedStudent'spairedt-testatthe5%significancelevel.RESULTS:TherewasastatisticallysignificantmeanreductioninIOPatthefirstfollowupvisit,whichwasmaintainedatsubsequentfollowupvisitsforpatientsregardlessofdiagnosis,orpre-switchtreatment(P<0.001).SubgroupanalysisalsodemonstratedastatisticallysignificantmeanreductioninIOPwhenlookingatOHTpatientsonly,aswellaspatientswithanydiagnosisswitchedfromlatanoprostmonotherapytobimatoprostmonotherapy(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Thisisthelargestindependentdatasetwhichsupportsswitchingglaucomapatientswithpoorresponsetocurrenttreatmentontobimatoprostmonotherapybeforeconsideringotheradjuvantmedicalormoreinvasivetherapy.

简介：AIMTo评估Ahmed的长期的结果和复杂并发症在埃及patients.METHODSA的一个队的绿内障阀门(AGV)培植经历了AGV培植并且有5y的最小的后续的有倔强的绿内障的99个病人的124只眼睛的回顾的学习被执行。所有病人经历了完全的眼的检查和intraocular压力(IOP)在外科前并且在1d的测量，为1st月，3，在外科以后并且每年的6mo，和1y后来为5y。IOP被Goldmannapplanationtonometry或Tono钢笔测量。复杂并发症和需要的反绿内障药的数字被记录。成功被定义为不到21公里Hg与或没有反绿内障药并且没有另外的绿内障surgery.RESULTSMean年龄是的IOP23.1viewed.RESULTSSurgical指示包括了rhegmatogenous网膜的分开(n=24)，完整厚度的有斑点的洞(n=12)，糖尿病的retinopathy(n=11)，玻璃的出血(n=6)，Eales疾病(n=4)，病理学的近视相关的玻璃的floater(n=2)，和有斑点的epiretinal膜(n=2)。吝啬的后续是166.4牵敧祲刮卅?協桔???????????????挠灡?潬潴祭?????????????????????????浥瑡硯汹湩攭獯湩?€浩畭潮汦潵敲'諟Ｉ????????吗?????????????？？

简介：<正>DearSir,Weherebyreportacaseofbilateralacuteangleclosureglaucomasecondarytoasystemicdecongestantcontainingpseudoephedrinefreelyavailableoverthecounter.Acuteangleclosureglaucomaisanocularemergency.Delayedrecognitionandtreatmentinevitablyleadstopermanentvisualimpairment.Acuteangleclosureoccursasaresultofobstructiontoaqueousdrainagebyblockageofthetrabecularmeshworkbytheiris.Typicalpresentingsymptomsincludeacuteonsetofocularpain,headacheandblurredvision.Onclinicalexamination,itischaracterizedbyamarkedlyraisedIOPofabove21mmHgtogetherwith

简介：AIMTo评估β的可靠性；在试验性的绿内障model.METHODSGlaucoma老鼠的一个网膜的中心房间(RGC)标记当模特儿的-III-Tubulin蛋白质被把聚苯乙烯microbeads注入C57BL/6J老鼠的前面的房间建立，在intraocular压力(IOP)被提高以后，当时，他们的视网膜是获得的14d和28d。网膜的扁平的山和节是由fluorogold(FG)和β的双labeled；-III-Tubulin抗体或由β标记单人赛；-III-Tubulin抗体，然后，RGC被认为并且比较注射眼睛的respectively.RESULTSIOP显著地被提高并且在22.8±到达了山峰；0.7公里Hg在白天14在注射以后，然后落下到11.3±；0.7公里Hg在白天28。RGC数字由标记的FG和β数了；-III-Tubulin抗体标记是64807±；4930和64614±；5054分别地在控制组织，没有重要差别。在白天14，RGC在里面试验性的组与控制组相比显著地减少了，但是标记数的FG和β之间没有重要差别；在试验性的组或在控制组把数的任何一个标记的-III-Tubulin抗体。结果在白天是类似的28，与进一步的RGCloss.CONCLUSIONOur，结果建议β；-III-Tubulin蛋白质没被IOP举起影响并且能在绿内障的试验性的模型为RGC被用作一个可靠标记。

简介：BackgroundNowadays,thestudiesmainlyfocusonthefunctionofdecreasingtheinflammatoryfactorandimprovingthefunctionsofendothelium,buttheeffectsofstatinsonventricularremodelingarerarelystudied.MethodsThe2-kindey,1-cliphypertensiverats(2K1C,Goldblatt)werepreparedwithSprague-Dawley(SD)rat.SDratswererandomlydividedintothreegroups:controlrats,hypertensiveratsandhypertensiveratstreatedwithatorvastatin(2mg·kg-1·d-1).After6weeks,systolicbloodpressure(SBP)wasmeasuredusingthetail-cuffmethod.TheplasmaconcentrationofangiotensinⅡandreninactivityweredeterminedbyradioimmunoassay.Theheartweight,theratioofleftventricularweightandbodyweightwascalculated.ResultsTheplasmaconcentrationofangiotensinⅡ(106.4±7.8)ng/Landreninactivity(20.6±2.4)ng/Lweresignificantlyincreaedinhypertensiveratscomparedwithnormalrats[(72.3±5.4)ng/Land(12.5±3.7)ng/L](P<0.01).Theheartweight(1.46±0.09)g,theratio3.54±0.19(×10-3)ofleftventricularweightandbodyweightinhypertensiveratswereobviouslyhigherthanthatinnormalrats[(0.98±0.07)gand(2.28±0.06)×10-3](P<0.01).Aftertreatmentwithatorvastatin,theplasmaconcentrationofangiotensinⅡ(68.3±6.9)ng/Landreninactivity(8.7±2.3)ng/L,heartweight(1.05±0.04)g,theratio2.36±0.07(×10-3)aboveweredecreasedsignificantly,therewerenodifferencebetweenthegroupofhypertensiveratsandthenormal.ConclusionsAtorvastatincandecreasetheratioofleftventricularweightandbodyweightandhastheeffectsoncardiovascularremodelinginhypertensiverats.

简介：Toobservetheeffectsofdifferentacupuncturemanipulationsonbloodpressureandtargetorgandamageinspontaneouslyhypertensiverats(SHRs),thisstudyusedthereinforcingtwirlingmethod(1.5–2-mmdepth;rotatingneedleclockwisefor360°andthencounterclockwisefor360°,withthethumbmovingheavilyforwardandgentlybackward,60timesperminutefor1minute,andretainingneedlefor9minutes),thereducingtwirlingmethod(1.5–2-mmdepth;rotatingneedlecounterclockwisefor360°andthenclockwisefor360°,withthethumbmovingheavilybackwardandgentlyforward,60timesperminutefor1minute,andretainingneedlefor9minutes),andtheneedleretainingmethod(1.5–2-mmdepthandretainingtheneedlefor10minutes).BilateralTaichong(LR3)wastreatedbyacupunctureusingdifferentmanipulationsandmanualstimulation.Reinforcingtwirling,reducingtwirling,andneedleretainingresultedinadecreasednumberofapoptoticcells,reducedBaxmRNAandproteinexpression,andanincreasedBcl-2/BaxratiointhehippocampuscomparedwiththeSHRgroup.Amongthesegroups,theBcl-2/Baxproteinratiowashighestinthereducingtwirlinggroup,andtheBcl-2/BaxmRNAratiowashighestintheneedleretaininggroup.Theseresultssuggestthatreinforcingtwirling,reducingtwirling,andneedleretainingmethodsallimprovebloodpressureandpreventtargetorgandamagebyincreasingthehippocampalBcl-2/BaxratioandinhibitingcellapoptosisinthehippocampusinSHR.

简介：AbstractObjective:To assess the clinical features of fetal growth restriction (FGR) in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in China.Methods:This is a retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of 4 451 women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were retrospectively collected from 11 tertiary hospitals across ten provinces in China during January 2015 to December 2015. The mean maternal age was (31.0±5.4) years old. Participants were divided into FGR group (n= 670) and non-FGR group (n= 3 781). The incidence and clinical features of FGR, and its correlation with gestational age, previous FGR history, 24-hour urinary protein excretion, and hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome were analyzed. Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were used when comparing clinical features between FGR and non-FGR groups.Results:The overall incidence of FGR was 15.1% (670/4 451). The FGR incidence was 22.4% (433/1 937) in women with severe preeclampsia and 18.6% (68/365) in women with chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia, respectively. FGR was more prevalent in women who had preterm births than those who had term births (22.8% (432/1 898) vs. 9.3% (238/2 553), P < 0.001). It was also more prevalent in women with early-onset preeclampsia than those with late-onset preeclampsia (18.4% (189/1 025) vs. 14.0% (481/3 426), P= 0.001). Women with a previous FGR history had a significantly higher FGR incidence than those without an FGR history (66.7% (4/6) vs. 15.7% (250/1 596), P= 0.007). The presence of abnormal results of the umbilical artery Doppler (13% (87/670) vs. 2.4% (89/3 781), P < 0.001) and the middle cerebral artery Doppler (3.3% (22/670) vs. 0.4% (15/3 781), P < 0.001) was higher in the FGR group compared with the non-FGR group, while the presence of increased uterine artery resistance was not statistically different (1.5% (10/670) vs. 0.8% (29/3 781), P= 0.072). The FGR group delivered earlier than the non-FGR group ((35.3±3.0) weeks vs. (36.4±4.3) weeks, P < 0.001) with lower birth weight (1 731.0±574.5) g vs. (2 753.9±902.1) g, P < 0.001, higher fetal or neonatal death (9.4% (63/670) vs. 4.2% (157/3 781), P < 0.001), and higher cesarean section rate (82.5% (553/670) vs. 70.2% (2 656/3 781), P < 0.001). In the FGR group, more neonates had 5-minute Apgar score ≤7 (7.9% (53/670) vs. 3.9% (149/3 780), P < 0.001), with higher neonatal intensive care unit admission rate (48.1 % (322/670) vs. 23.3% (881/3 781), P < 0.001). More cases of HELLP syndrome occurred in the FGR group (6.9% (46/670) vs. 3.2% (122/3 781), P < 0.001). Women with FGR had heavier 24-hour urinary protein excretion than those without FGR ((3.9±3.7) g vs. (3.1±4.2) g, P= 0.005).Conclusion:In pregnancies with hypertensive disorders, increased risks of FGR are associated with preterm birth, birth before 34 weeks, and a previous FGR history. FGR is related to higher occurrence of abnormal uterine artery Doppler and umbilical artery Doppler. When hypertensive disorders is complicated by FGR, there appears to be higher maternal morbidity including higher rate of HELLP syndrome, cesarean section, and heavier proteinuria, as well as worse neonatal outcomes.