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简介：AbstractImmunotherapy has dramatically altered the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Currently, the emergence of combination strategies in immunotherapy has brightened the prospects of improved clinical outcomes and manageable safety profiles in the first/second-line settings. However, sub-optimal response rates are still observed in several clinical trials. Hence, alternative combination models and candidate selection strategies need to be explored. Herein, we have critically reviewed and commented on the published data from several clinical trials, including combined immunotherapy and chemotherapy, anti-angiogenic agents, epidermal growth factor receptor/anaplastic lymphoma kinase tyrosine kinase inhibitors, radiotherapy, and other immune checkpoint inhibitors.

简介：尽管非小的细胞肺癌症(NSCLC)能转移到几乎任何东西器官，到有重要临床的表明的胆囊的转移是相对稀罕的。这里，我们报导作为尖锐胆汁介绍的NSCLC的胆囊转移的一个案例。在恰好上面的象限和发烧疼痛地介绍的一个79岁的人。胸和腹部的计算断层摄影术(CT)扫描在胆囊变厚的肺和不规则的墙的恰好更低的脑叶显示出一个cavitary团。肺团的开的胆囊炎和针活体检视被执行。胆囊的组织学的检查揭示了显示象针活体检视估计的肺团的一样的形态学的中等区分的有鳞的房间癌。胆囊和肺织物的随后的immunohistochemical检查证明肿瘤房间为P63是积极的但是为cytokeratin否定7，cytokeratin20并且甲状腺抄写factor-1。胆囊的第二个主要肿瘤被immunohistochemical方法排除，并且最后的病理学的诊断是NSCLC的胆囊转移。尽管发生是极其稀罕的，尖锐胆汁能与肺癌症转移联合发生到胆囊。

简介：AbstractObjective:The majority of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases remain undiagnosed until advanced stages of the disease. Accumulating studies have highlighted the utility of palliative care as an effective treatment option, which relieves patients’ suffering by activating placebo effect in the body. To evaluate the clinical significance of palliative care, data from NSCLC drug-randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were collected and the effects of placebo treatment examined.Methods:PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched from January 1,1978 to September 1,2020. Placebo-controlled phase II/III pharmaceutical RCTs enrolling patients with solely stage III/IV NSCLC were included. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Jadad method. Single-arm and two-arm meta-analyses of the therapeutic and adverse effects of placebo, that is, the primary and secondary outcome measures, were subsequently performed using either Bayesian or conventional models.Results:Five RCTs including 2245 drug-treated and 1510 placebo-treated patients at NSCLC stage III or IV were included for the study. Low risk of bias was observed for all five included studies using the Cochrane method. Following placebo treatment, controlled disease rate of 24.1% (95% credible interval [CrI], -0.126-0.609) and dropout rate of 2.1% (95% CrI, 0.007-0.039) were calculated, with a dose reduction rate of 3.0% (95% CrI, 0.017-0.045). Compared with active drug treatment, the placebo treatment group had a risk ratio of 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.68-0.97) and 0.85 (95% confidence interval, 0.76-0.96) for the achievement of progression-free survival and overall survival, respectively.Conclusion:In NSCLC drug RCTs, placebo treatment is indicated to generally induce low toxicity in patients by dropout and dose reduction rates and adverse events, although the therapeutic responses could not be precisely determined. The results suggest that under specific circumstances, palliative care which can activate placebo effect may have similar effects as active drugs (such as erlotinib, vandetanib, or pemetrexed) in terms of prolonging survival time.

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简介：FromJanuary1989toJuly1992,70patientsAcceptedforpublication.October23,1998CorrespondencetofXUGuang-chuan;DepartmentofOncology,TumorHospital,SunYat-SenUniversityofMedicalSciences,No.651,DongFengEastRoad,Guangzhou510060,China,Faxf(0086-20)-87761547;Phon...

简介：Objective:Toinvestigatephospho-(-cateninexpressioninnon-smallcelllungcancer(NSCLC)andtostudytherelationshipbetweenphospho-(-cateninexpressionandsomeclinicalpathologicalfactors.Methods:Theexpressionofphospho-(-cateninin67primaryNSCLCcasesdetectedimmunohistochemically.Results:phospho-(-cateninwasnotexpressedinnormalbronchialmucouscellandshowedcytoplasmicandnuclearexpressioninNSCLCcell.Totalpositiveexpressionratereached62.7%,andpositiveexpressionrateofnucleuswas38.8%.Thepositiveexpressionrate(87.5%)andnuclearexpressionrateofadenocarcinoma(62.5%)wereapparentlyhigherthanthoseofsquamouscellcancer(40.0%and17.1%)(P<0.01).Expressionofphospho-(-cateninhadnorelationshiptodifferentiationdegreeandlymphaticmetastasis.Thepostoperativesurvivaltimeisnotrelatedtophospho-(-cateninexpression.(Log-ranktest,P=0.9198;P=0.6274).COXmodelanalysisshowedthattumorstageanddifferentiationareindependentriskfactorstoprognosis(P=0.001;P=0.020).Conclusion:NSCLCcellsshowpositiveexpressionofphospho-(-catenin,phospho-(-cateninnuclearexpressionisrelevanttohistologicaltypes.Thereisnodifferenceinpostoperativesurvivaltimebetweenpatientswithphospho-(-cateninpositiveexpressionandpatientswithnegativeexpression,expressionofphospho-(-cateninisnotindependentriskfactortoprognosis.

简介：AbstractThe phosphosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway is one of the most important intracellular signal transduction pathways affecting cell functions, such as apoptosis, translation, metabolism, and angiogenesis. Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality rates in the world. It can be divided into two groups, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). NSCLC accounts for >85% of all lung cancers. There are currently many clinical treatment options for NSCLC; however, traditional methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have not been able to provide patients with good survival benefits. The emergence of molecular target therapy has improved the survival and prognosis of patients with NSCLC. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of studies on NSCLC and PI3K signaling pathways. Inhibitors of various parts of the PI3K pathway have appeared in various phases of clinical trials with NSCLC as an indication. This article focuses on the role of the PI3K signaling pathway in the occurrence and development of NSCLC and summarizes the current clinical research progress and possible development strategies.

简介：AlantolactoneisanaturalcompoundidentifiedfromtherootsofInulaheleniumL.thathasmultiplebio-activities.Weexamineditsinhibitoryeffectsonhumannon-smallcelllungcancer(NSCLC)A549cells.Thean-tiproliferativeeffectofalantolactoneonA549cellswasinvestigatedviaMTT[3′-(4,5dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide]assayanditsapoptosis-inducingeffectwasdeterminedbyHoechststainingandflowcytometry.WefoundthatalantolactonesignificantlyinhibitedtheproliferationofA549cellsandinducedmorphologicalchangestypicalforapoptosis.Flowcytometryanalysisindicatesdose-dependentcellcycleretardationatG0/G1andSstages.Theresultsindicatethatalantolactonecouldbeanattractivesmall-molecularnaturalcompoundforfurtherdevelopmentasatherapeuticdrugagainstNSCLC.

简介：客观尽管翻斗车上的许多临床的研究在非小的房间肺癌症的淋巴的转移被报导了，为淋巴的转移仍然是的翻斗车的风险因素争吵并且可争辩。这研究调查了，由multivariate逻辑回归分析，到在非小的房间肺癌症(NSCLC)的mediastinal淋巴节点(N2)的翻斗车转移的临床的特征病人。我们收集了在福建医药大学联合医院里加全身的淋巴节点解剖经历了叶切除术的256个pN2-NSCLC病人的clinicopathological数据的方法。在现在的学习的案例被划分成二个组：翻斗车转移(N2skip+)并且非--翻斗车转移(N2翻斗车)。二个组的临床的病理学的特征的回顾的分析被执行。决定一个独立因素，multivariate逻辑回归分析被用来识别可能的风险因素。256个pN2-NSCLC病人全部的结果A被招募。分析结果证明那性，病理学的类型，手术，肋膜的参与，吸烟历史，年龄，肿瘤阶段，和区别不是在pN2-NSCLC影响翻斗车转移的统计重要因素(P>0.05)，而肿瘤尺寸是为翻斗车转移(P=0.02)的一个独立因素。结论淋巴的转移在pN2-NSCLC病人增加的翻斗车的率，在里面与一种增加的肿瘤尺寸伴随。

简介：Non-smallcelllungcancer(NSCLC)accountsfor85%oflungcancer,whichistheleadingcauseofdeathinlungcancerpatient.RoutinetreatmentofNSCLCcannoteffectivelychangethesurvivalrateofpatients,oneimportantreasonistheincreasedradioresistanceoftumorcellsafterconventionalradiotherapy.

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简介：客观：与非小的肺癌症(NSCLC)在病人的预后上在MRP基因overexpression的效果上学习。方法：从NSCLC的47个盒子的嵌入石蜡的纸巾经历了激进的肿瘤切除术的人，用探针与immunohistochemistry相结合的标记的digoxigenin为MRP基因mRNAbyinsitu杂交的表示被检查。所有病人是回顾地跟随起来的。结果：47个肺癌症标本的AU被发现有MRP基因mRNA的overexpression。它显著地在外科以后与病人鈥?幸存时间，对化疗的反应，复发或转移被相关，但是没与组织学，肿瘤尺寸，节点地位，TNM阶段，区别的度，年龄和性别被相关。结论：MRP基因的Overexpression是在有NSCLC的病人的预示的意义的一个标记。

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简介：Objective:Toevaluatetherelationbetweenargyrophilicnucleolarorganizerregion(AgNOR)-associatedproteinsandclinicopathologicalparametersandsurvivalinnon-small-celllungcancer(NSCLC).Methods:Atotalof207surgicalspecimensdiagnosedasNSCLCwereincludedinthisstudy.Double-stainingprocedureswereperformedusingantigenKi-67(cloneMIB-1)andsilvernitratebyimmunohistochemicalandAgNOR-stainingmethods.Results:TheAgNORareainMIB-1-positivecellsofNSCLCisrelatedtoclinicopathologicalparametersundertheTNM(tumor,node,andmetastasis)system.ThesurvivalofpatientswithsmallAgNORareainMIB-1-positivecellsisbetterthanthatofpatientswithlargeAgNORarea.Molecular,biological(AgNORareainMIB-1-positivecells),andclinicopathological(greatesttumordimension,metastasestoregionallymphnodes,histology,anddifferentiation)parametersareindependentprognosticfactorsofNSCLC.Conclusion:TheAgNORareainMIB-1-positivecellsisrelatedtoclinicopathologicalparametersandsurvivalinNSCLC.

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简介：Duringthelastdecade,wehaveseentremendousprogressinthetherapyoflungcancer.DiscoveryofactionablemutationsinEGFRandtranslocationsinALKandROS1haveidentifiedsubsetsofpatientswithexcellenttumorresponsetooraltargetedagentswithmanageablesideeffects.Inthisreview,wehighlighttreatmentoptionsincludingcorrespondingclinicaltrialsforoncogenicalterationsaffectingthereceptortyrosinekinasesMET,FGFR,NTRK,RET,HER2,HER3,andHER4aswellascomponentsoftheRAS-RAF-MEKsignalingpathway.